1 . Every year, some 2.3 million women and men around the world died from work-related accidents or diseases — that’s more than 8, 000 deaths every single day — and at least 402 million people suffer from non-fatal occupational injuries. The number is enormous in terms of personal tragedy and hardship. And it comes with a huge economic loss. It is estimated that occupational accidents and diseases lead to a 5.4 percent loss of annual global GDP.
A safe and healthy working environment is so important that in June 2022 the ILO (International Labor Organization) took a historic step when it added a safe and healthy working environment to its Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work.
Why does this matter? It matters because occupational safety and health can now no longer be viewed as an optional extra. All of the ILO’s 186 member states are now required to respect, promote and achieve a safe and healthy working environment as a fundamental principle and right at work.
This is significant for several reasons. First, it recognizes that every worker has the right to be protected from dangers and risks that can cause injury, illness or death in the workplace.
By making occupational safety and health (OSH) a fundamental right, the ILO is sending a clear message to governments and employers of all countries that they must take responsibility for providing a safe and healthy working environment for all workers.
When workers feel safe and healthy in their workplace, they are likely to be more productive and efficient. This can benefit workers, employers as well as the economy. Conversely, when workers are injured or become ill due to workplace dangers, it can have a significantly negative impact on productivity and economic growth.
A safe and healthy working environment is now a fundamental right for each and every worker. Governments, employers, trade unions as well as companies must work together to make this right a reality.
1. What is the function of the first paragraph?| A．To draw a conclusion. | B．To introduce the topic. |
| C．To warn us of the danger at work. | D．To call for the need of safety environment. |
| A．It means a basic right to the ILO. | B．It means life and death to employers. |
| C．It means a fundamental obligation to workers. | D．It means economic growth to the government. |
| A．Consequently. | B．Contrarily. | C．Conventionally. | D．Commonly. |
| A．The joint efforts by the four sides. | B．The potential improvements to make. |
| C．The history of workers’ sufferings. | D．The measures workers take to get protected. |
2 . New research from Barclays Life Skills found that 70% of the British noticed language changes at work over the last five years. Gen Z, people aged 18-24, appears to be leading the change. “Our research shows that the next generation are clearly going to make their mark on the workforce when it comes to how we communicate,” said Kirstie Mackey, head of Barclays Life Skills.
“Yours truly”, “Yours sincerely”, and “To whom it may concern” were the three phrases mostly likely to disappear from the workplace within the next ten years. “Compliments” and “Respects” at the end of an email were the fourth and fifth most likely to go extinct. While these phrases are behind the times in the eyes of the British, “thanks!” and “thanks so much” were found to be increasingly popular, with 46% and 50% of respondents (受访者) saying these were friendly responses.
Other more informal phrases, however, were considered to be more divisive — simply going with the short form for thank you, “ta!” was considered over-familiar by 29% of respondents, but friendly by 23%. And “hiya” was viewed as friendly by 42%, but as over-familiar by 26%.
The survey shows 49% of Gen Z often use immediate messaging platforms at work, but just 27% of those aged over 55 do so. That age group still prefers email, saying this method feels more professional.
Language expert Laura Bailey says the change toward a more informal way goes hand in hand with the appearance of workplace messaging platforms. “The generational differences can be explained by broader changes in what different age groups were familiar with,” Bailey said.
While traditional letter-writing styles translate into any form of written communication for older workers, younger ones have been influenced by changing language styles that spread quickly through social media, Bailey added.
Barclays Life Skills’ Mackey said that given office-proper language was changing, there were a few things to remember. Avoiding over-familiarity with co-workers and making sure your tone (语气) is considered as friendly were two of them, she said. Another important consideration was whether a short message or email would be enough to express what you want to say, and thinking about which choice the email receiver would favor, Mackey suggested.
1. What did the new research find about Gen Z?| A．They prefer formal language in the workplace. |
| B．They show less interest in new style of communication. |
| C．They place higher importance on direct communication. |
| D．They drive the changes in communication styles at work. |
| A．They’re extinct. | B．They’re friendly. |
| C．They’re over-familiar. | D．They’re old-fashioned. |
| A．They may replace emails soon. | B．They make office language informal. |
| C．They are more convenient than emails. | D．They are destroying the English language. |
| A．Use formal and proper language. |
| B．Consider the message receiver’s preference. |
| C．Keep their distance from senior co-workers. |
| D．Avoid sending short emails to familiar people. |
具体内容如下：1.介绍现状；2.纸媒的重要性；3.提出呼吁。
注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
Embracing the Magic of Print Media
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________| A．He became severely ill. | B．He had a car accident. | C．He was hit by a car. |
1. What happened to the woman at the beginning?
| A．She lost her phone. |
| B．She couldn’t find the way. |
| C．She was trapped in heavy snow. |
| A．By having more clothes on. |
| B．By using the car heater. |
| C．By drinking hot tea. |
| A．It broke down. |
| B．She stopped to answer a call. |
| C．The car was running out of gas. |
| A．They called an ambulance. |
| B．They led the woman to her home. |
| C．They helped the woman go to the main road. |
6 . You scroll through Instagram and like every post you see. You read an acquaintance’s story as soon as they post it. You leave a comment on a post or two. Then it hits you: Didn’t you just leave a comment on that person’s post yesterday? And the day before that? And last week?
An Instagram creep is someone who offers unprompted significant attention online to certain individuals they’ve taken an interest in. It is a strategy to send a signal of affection -whether it is to a romantic partner, or a close friend, but it can also be perceived as being too much, too interested and too involved. At worst, it might be seen as being possessive, as the person absolutely has to be the first to comment, to establish his importance in front of others.However, not every Instagram creep has the same intentions, with some lighthearted and innocent. “For example, people who have a higher frequency of being online may have a higher likelihood of seeing the posts quickly, “said Maryanne Fisher, a psychology professor at St.Mary’s University in Canada. “In a way, it could be simply an exposure effect.”
“If you feel like you’re the creeper, there’s a quick way to fix the problem. Resisting the urge to comment or like every post would be helpful,” Fisher said. It’s important to be aware that while you might be doing it to express affection, it can be perceived as being possessive. You should ask yourself what your intention is. What need is getting met by that behavior? If it makes the recipient feel uncomfortable and excessive, that should be attended to. If it’s a pattern and if it’s a “need”, then there might be something more significant going on.
All told, remember that anything you put on the Internet has consequences. If you think you’re being creepy even for a second, take time to separate yourself from it.
1. Who is likely to be an Instagram creep?| A．An old man unfamiliar with social media. |
| B．A young guy having a preference for a certain brand. |
| C．A woman having a tendency to talk online with friends. |
| D．An adult who is paying special attention to his friend’s Instagram update. |
| A．Ways to fix the problem. |
| B．Effects on the recipients. |
| C．Possible reasons for being creepy. |
| D．Differences between serious and lighthearted creepers. |
| A．The person likes the behaviour. |
| B．The person wasn’t aware of that. |
| C．The person might not feel at ease. |
| D．The person might feel like the creeper. |
| A．Less is more. |
| B．Look before you leap. |
| C．Love me,love my dog. |
| D．Put the cart before the horse. |
7 . Nowadays, schools still focus on traditional subjects more than modern subjects. Many subjects can not meet the needs of the future jobs. I completely agree with the statement that schools too much concentrate on traditional subjects.
To begin with, schools must be more flexible in the education because every student will choose and follow the different ways. So they need a different knowledge’s source. For example, the technology development is becoming a vital part in modern society which demands a number of skilled workforce (劳动力). As a result, if students are skilled in using computer or machine, they will achieve success in their career.
In addition, the traditional subjects always teach a lot of theories than skills. That is the reason why many students feel bored when studying them, such as history, literature or geography. But people can ignore them because all the subjects are concerned about culture and the society’s problems. So the education system should be improved. Instead of researching lessons in class or books, we need to hold the meeting or game shows to exchange knowledge and skills between students. Besides, schools have to add some soft skill subjects.
In conclusion, the traditional subjects are still being concentrated too much, Schools should improve systems so that students can acquire many new things and meet the needs in the world of work.
1. Why should education be flexible in schools?| A．Students are tired of studying |
| B．Each student has different needs |
| C．Students’ interests are various |
| A．Theories. | B．Skills. | C．Grades. |
| A．Read books aloud. | B．Research lessons in class. | C．Increase soft skill subjects. |
| A．They require improving. |
| B．They are discouraging. |
| C．They prove useless. |
1. How does the man think of the security checks?
| A．Acceptable. | B．Unreasonable. | C．Interesting. |
| A．Take off shoes. | B．Have cars checked. | C．Leave water behind. |
| A．Twice. | B．Three times. | C．Four times. |
9 . Nearly half of all employees are close to “breaking point” at work due to increased stress levels. A survey of 2,000 professionals found the average working adult feels stressed for almost a third of their working day.
The mounting pressure faced in their job also contributes to five hours of lost sleep per employee every week. Checking work emails after hours, last-minute deadlines, having to do a speech or presentation and an overly demanding manager were named as some of the biggest causes of workplace stress.
It also revealed that in the average week, employees will complain about their boss for 31 minutes and their job in general for another two hours and 45 minutes. Richard Jenkins, psychologist and spokesman for well-being charity CABA, said: “Everyone will experience pressure day-to-day.”
“A level of pressure can actually make us work better, however too much pressure that rises to an unmanageable level leads to stress. The working public needs to know how to manage their pressure to avoid reaching boiling point. Some people cope by blowing off steam through physical activity like the gym or going for a run while for some, things like breathing exercises can help. Everyone will have a strategy that they find works better to help them release the pressure. Unfortunately, in many cases we don’t introduce these decompressing (减压) moments in our lives which can help release the pressure and reduce stress. Finding ways to manage your stress is essential, it is also worth addressing the root causes of your stress to try to manage the source rather than just treat the symptoms.”
The study also found seven in 10 adults have vented about their workplace to a colleague, partner, family member or friend. 46 percent of those who have felt stressed at work didn’t end up doing anything about it, hoping the problem would go away on its own. Of those who do take action, 38 percent have told their manager about it, while 51 percent have gone for a walk to cool down.
1. What is the possible result of pressure faced by workers?| A．Giving a public presentation. | B．His demanding department head. |
| C．Loss of about 5 hours’ sleep weekly. | D．Constantly checking email after work. |
| A．Pressure will not do you any good in your daily life. |
| B．It’s better to turn to medicine when one is faced with great stress. |
| C．Women tend to feel more pressure at work than their male colleagues. |
| D．Almost everybody will adopt his own way to deal with their stress in their lives. |
| A．complained. | B．argued. | C．wandered. | D．asked. |
| A．Indifferent. | B．Objective. | C．Positive. | D．Negative. |
10 .
And we need heroes today more than ever. Our modern society is terribly confused about the difference between a hero and a celebrity (名人). And the difference is significant. A celebrity is all about fame-temporary, superficial fame, usually for qualities that are easy to see: a pretty face, a great dance move.
Heroes, real heroes, are all around us. They truly hold our world together, through their unselfish devotion to helping others, supporting families, teaching children, protecting the environment.
Yet, young people hear a lot more about celebrities than about heroes.
Truth is, there is a potential hero, a future difference maker, in every young person. Each of them, from whatever background, is a large amount of untapped (未开发的) energy-a positive force who can do something to steer that communal boat that carries us all.
| A．A hero, by contrast, is about character |
| B．They don’t want fame, or glory, or even credit |
| C．All of us-especially young people-need heroes |
| D．All of us need to believe in our own abilities to help people in need |
| E．Worse yet, young people are treated too often as just another target market by advertisers |
| F．They have discovered that they can build on their own energy and ideals to do something truly great |
| G．If young people believe in their own power and use it, they will discover that any person can make a genuine, lasting impact |
