1 . There are few places on Earth that humans haven’t messed up. Now even Antarctica, the only continent with no permanent human inhabitants, is being altered by us. A study found that the increasing human presence in Antarctica is causing more snow melt-bad news for a frozen world already battling the effects of human-caused global warming.
Black carbon, the dark, dusty pollution that comes from burning fossil fuels has settled in locations where tourists and researchers spend a lot of time, scientists found. Even the smallest amount of the dark pollutant can have a significant impact on melting because of its very low reflectiveness: things that are light in color, like snow, reflect the sun's energy and stay cool; things that are dark, like black carbon, absorb the sun's energy and warm up.
“The snow albedo (反射率) effect is one of the largest uncertainties in regional and global climate modeling right now,” Alia Khan, a snow and ice scientist at Western Washington University, told CNN. “That’s one of the motivations for the study, to quantify the impact of black carbon on regional snowmelt, which is important for quantifying the role of black carbon in the global loss of snow and ice.”
“Antarctica is sitting there pretty much silently all year. But, if it weren’t there, in the state that it is meant to be, the balance that we have in the climate system will no longer be,” Marilyn Raphael, a geography professor said. “Antarctica’s sea ice is also important to maintain a balance in atmospheric circulation,” he added. As waters get warmer, some Antarctic creatures are finding their homes more and more unlivable.
“Everything we do has consequences,” Raphael said. “We need to educate ourselves about those consequences, especially in systems that we know relatively little about. We have to be careful that we don’t upset the climate balance.”
1. Why can the smallest amount of black carbon have huge impact on melting?A.It is highly reflective. | B.Its dark colour absorbs heat. |
C.It produces vast energy. | D.It causes much pollution. |
A.To measure the impact of black carbon on melting. |
B.To quantify the cost of battling against climate change. |
C.To remove the uncertainties of global warming effects. |
D.To urge people to pay more attention to melting problem. |
A.The change caused by Antarctic melting. | B.The methods to stop Antarctic ice melting. |
C.The significance of Antarctic being in its state. | D.The sufferings Antarctic creatures are experiencing. |
A.Reduce tourist numbers. | B.Face the consequences. |
C.Acquire professional education. | D.Stop disturbing the climate. |
Today, there are groups of native people around the world that still live a traditional lifestyle. Some live in remote parts of South America,
3 . Today’s grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media, but the different generations’ online habits couldn’t be more different. In the UK the over-55 s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers, meaning that they will soon be the site’s second biggest user group, with 3.5 million users aged 55-64 and 2.9 million over-65s.
Sheila, aged 59, says, “I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing, as my daughter posts videos and photos of them. It’s a much better way to see what they’re doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post. That’s how we did it when I was a child, but I think I’m lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did.”
Interestingly, Sheila’s grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves. Children under 17 in the UK are leaving the site - only 2.2 million users are under 17 -but they’re not going far from their smartphones. Chloe, aged 15, even sleeps with her phone. “It’s my alarm clock so I have to,’ she says. “I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up.”
Unlike her grandmother’s generation, Chloe’s age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life. Sheila, on the other hand, has made contact with old friends from school she hasn’t heard from in forty years. ”We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the country,” she says. “It’s changed my social life completely.”
Parents have an important role to play if they want their kids to spend more time in real life. Peter, 38, who spends most of his time in front of a screen, is recently determined to set a better example to his kids. In the evening or at weekends, he would leave his smartphone home and take his kids out to nature.
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Older people have difficulty using social media. |
B.Children spend more time with their grandparents. |
C.More and more elderlies begin to use social media. |
D.Social media have become more friendly to the elderly. |
A.Worried. | B.Satisfied. | C.Excited. | D.Disappointed. |
A.People tend to have less social life as they get older. |
B.Young people are getting away from their smartphone. |
C.More young people choose to meet their friends in person. |
D.Social media actually help old people to meet their friends. |
A.Different Online Habits Across Generations | B.The Good Old Days Without Smartphones |
C.The Next Generation of Social Media | D.The Use of Smartphones at School |
4 . After bikes and umbrellas are made sharable across China, some companies started eyeing the fitness market, so shared gym rooms have hit the streets in Beijing.
Unlike common gyms that provide large, open spaces for many members to share at the same time, the newly built shared gym rooms are small, stand-alone rooms for a person to use, often set up near living communities.
Every four-square-meter room is equipped with a treadmill (跑步机), an air cleaner, a mirror, a television and an air conditioner, and users can let down the curtains for privacy. When exercising, users can listen to music, watch movies and check emails by connecting to the Internet by the screen fixed on the treadmill. There’s no shower or washbasin.
Similar to using a shared bike, users can locate a shared gym room by smartphone application, book a room in advance and then need to scan a QR code for use. A refundable deposit (保证金) of 99 yuan is required, and users are charged 1 yuan every 5 minutes.
The shared gym rooms are created by Misspao, a Beijing-based technology company founded in July. Within several months since it was founded, the company has already raised over 100 million yuan, Yicai Global reports. The idea of the shared fitness experience is not entirely nascent. Last December, the Shanghai-based technology company VRUN set up shared treadmills in office and apartment buildings.
The sharing economy is still becoming popular in China. According to Yicai Global, confident investors are pouring millions into sharing start-ups. In March, the State Information Center published a report which predicts that the total value of China’s sharing economy will see a yearly growth of 40% in the coming years, and it is expected to make a great contribution to the country’s GDP.
1. What makes the shared gym room different from the common one?A.Holding one person at a time. | B.Standing in the living zone. |
C.Offering open spaces. | D.Having some advanced equipment. |
A.Let down curtains for privacy. | B.Pay 100 yuan first. |
C.Use a smartphone. | D.Have a shower before exercise. |
A.Simple. | B.Popular. | C.Satisfying. | D.New. |
A.To advertise a technology company. | B.To introduce shared gym rooms. |
C.To support the shared gym rooms. | D.To predict the future of shared gym rooms. |
5 . In this modern age, most of us have forgotten to be patient and get angry very quickly over minor things like a traffic jam, a baby crying and such things. It often seems so easy to get what we want right away that when we have to wait even a little while, it seems like we are waiting for ages. We used to be happy to wait 10-15 minutes it took to reheat food in the oven (烤箱), but now we’re impatient when waiting two minutes it takes in the microwave.
With the convenience provided by modern society, is patience still a virtue (美德) in the fast-paced world? To begin with, I’d like to share the meaning of the word “patience”. Generally it means being able to tolerate delay without getting impatient. However, it isn’t necessarily a passive activity. It takes an active commitment, knowing when to take action and when not to.
So I would argue that patience is still — and always — a virtue. Sure. I used to be one of those who often stared at the microwave for the full two minutes it took to heat my food. And in the end, the food tasted bad. If l had had the patience to heat the food properly in the oven, I would have enjoyed a delicious meal.
Actually the benefits of patience go beyond just heating up our food. Patience is an exercise in self-control which shows that we can handle life problems when things get tough, and that we can exercise good judgment. Lack of patience can cause us to make wrong decisions that negatively affect our health and happiness, waste our time, put us under a lot of stress and affect our relationships in a very negative way.
Everything in life happens for a reason. Sometimes we face an obstacle (障碍) because we need to grow in ways we didn’t realize. It’s not always obvious when that was happening, but with patience we will soon see clearly why it happened; and what we were meant to learn from it.
Taking time to think about our actions and being patient are a small price to pay when we determine the best possible solution to any problems.
1. The author uses the example of reheating food to show that .A.people have no time to enjoy the meal | B.high technology brings more benefits |
C.more people lack patience now | D.the fast-paced life makes people stressed |
A.People under stress tend to get angry. |
B.Patient people are more likely to make better decisions. |
C.People with self-control are easier to succeed. |
D.Patient people are unlikely to make mistakes. |
A.A wise man learns from experience. |
B.A brave man is not afraid of challenges. |
C.A man should find out reasons for what happened. |
D.A man should be patient to deal with difficulties. |
A.The causes of impatience. | B.Ways to exercise patience. |
C.Is patience really a virtue? | D.What does “patience” mean? |
6 . A survey by the American Psychological Association shows that one in ten adults reads online news at least once an hour. A lot has been written about the mental health influence from news addiction, and in particular from reading negative reports. Just like junk food, “junk” news can be bad for our health.
In recent years, things have been getting increasingly more negative. A study of the content of New Zealand’s largest newspaper showed that while in 1973 the average number of stories about death on the front page was 0.75, by 2013 it was 4.1(and no, there weren’t five times more people dying).
What’s more, online news, and the stories we read on mobile phones in particular, tend to be even more negative than print. A 2019 study of 50 U.S. newspapers showed that mobile versions of newspapers report three times more stories about disasters and accidents than paper ones.
Such negative reports lead people to believe that things are worse than they really are. They can lead to stress, worry and lower spirits.
Experiments also suggest that loneliness and poor relationships have been connected with reading negative reports. After reading negative reports, people are less likely to help others. Even worse, when we check news on smart phones, we may “phub” our loved ones, which leads to lower relationship satisfaction.
Negative reports attract our attention far more than positive ones. That’s a global happening. I hope, however, that if we realize that negative news is spoiling our moods, we might all be more willing to change.
1. Why is “junk food” mentioned in the first paragraph?A.To entertain readers. | B.To introduce the topic. |
C.To make an advertisement. | D.To keep readers away from it. |
A.The death rate in New Zealand is very high. | B.Print newspapers have become less popular. |
C.Stories about death have become less popular. | D.Negative reporting has been increasing over years. |
A.Live a hopeful life. | B.Become more careful. |
C.Become less likely to help others. | D.Pay more attention to their physical health. |
A.Ignore | B.Hate | C.Laugh at | D.Care about |
A.A Survey on News Reading Habits | B.Negative Effects of Mobile Phones |
C.Is Online News Better Than Print? | D.Is Junk News a Danger to Health? |
Have you heard of community fridges? These are spaces
According to
The benefit of community fridges has never been clearer. In difficult times, with pretty much all costs increasing greatly, it is reassuring to know that
8 . 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every day many teens wake up frightened of
School bullying can threaten students’ physical and mental
For younger kids, the best way of solving the bullying problem is to tell
Bullying is a problem that can cause serious damage unless the problem
9 . Teenage life: better now, or in the past?
Does this situation sound familiar(熟悉的)?
You’re complaining(抱怨) to your parents about something. Maybe your computer isn’t powerful enough to play the latest games.
“When I was your age, there weren’t any computers or video games. And I didn’t get a bike until I was 16. And it was second-hand.
So is it really true that life is better for teenagers now? It is certainly true that many teenagers have got more things nowadays.
However, technology often means we spend more time at home. And often it’s just us, with our computer or television. Teenagers don’t do enough exercise.
What do you think? How is teenage life better these days?
A.And it was too big for me. |
B.A typical family is smaller now. |
C.You get very unhappy with this. |
D.Or your friends’ bikes are better than yours. |
E.So they aren’t as healthy as the teenagers in the past. |
F.Life was not easy in the past. |
G.Technology is probably the greatest change in our life. |
Teenage life is full of adventures and challenges. Doing voluntary work is popular among some teenagers. And extra-curricular activities