1 . We all know that unpleasant feeling when we’re talking about something interesting and halfway through our sentence we’re interrupted. But was that really an interruption? The answer depends on whom you ask, according to new research led by Katherine Hilton from Stanford University.

Using a set of controlled audio clips (录音片段), Hilton surveyed 5, 000 American English speakers to better understand what affects people’s perceptions of interruptions. She had participants listen to audio clips and then answer questions about whether the speakers seemed to be friendly and engaged, listening to one another, or trying to interrupt.

Hilton found that American English speakers have different conversational styles. She identified two distinct groups: high and low intensity speakers. High intensity speakers are generally uncomfortable with moments of silence in conversation and consider talking at the same time a sign of engagement. Low intensity speakers find it rude to talk at the same time and prefer people speak one after another in conversation.

The differences in conversational styles became evident when participants listened to audio clips in which two people spoke at the same time but were agreeing with each other and stayed on topic, Hilton said. The high intensity group reported that conversations where people spoke at the same time when expressing agreement were not interruptive but engaged and friendlier than the conversations with moments of silence in between speaking turns. In contrast, the low intensity group perceived any amount of simultaneous (同时) chat as a rude interruption, regardless of what the speakers were saying.

“People care about being interrupted, and those small interruptions can have a massive effect on the overall communication,” Hilton said. “Breaking apart what an interruption means is essential if we want to understand how humans interact with each other.”

1. What does Hilton’s research focus on?

A．What interruptions mean to people.

B．Whether interruption is good or not.

C．How to avoid getting interrupted.

D．Why speakers interrupt each other.

2. What do participants of the study need to do?

A．Record an audio clip.	B．Answer some questions.
C．Listen to one another.	D．Have a chat with a friend.

3. What do low intensity speakers think of simultaneous chat?

A．It’s important.	B．It’s interesting.
C．It’s inefficient.	D．It’s impolite.

4. What can we learn from Hilton’s research?

A．Human interaction is complex.

B．Communication is the basis of life.

C．Interruptions promote thinking.

D．Language barriers will always exist.

3 . Brendon Birt accidentally took a wrong turn down a street in Red Oak, Iowa. But it turned out it was exactly where he was _________! As he drove down the road, he saw heavy smoke from a family’s home. He knew the home was on fire. Without thinking, he stopped his car, called 911 and ran towards the _________ Brendon ran up and saw most of the downstairs was already full of _________. “I just believed there had to be someone _________ inside the house because it was so late at night,” Brendon said. “I knew I had to act _________. Every second that was going by was just getting worse.” He _________ to the side of the home and started pounding on the windows with _________, calling for the people to get out.

The homeowner, Tender Lehman, was _________ that night but her three younger children ages 8, 14, and 17 were inside being looked after by her _________ son, Bryce Harrison, 22. No smoke alarms __________, so if it weren’t for Brendon’s warning, they might not have ever __________ Brendon was relieved (放心) when he saw the four children run out of the __________ to safety. Days later, Tender came home and went to see the man who __________ all four of her children. “I’m so __________,” Tender said. “My kids wouldn’t have __________ it, without your kind action.”

1.

A．needed

B．discovered

C．received

D．chosen

2.

A．street

B．restaurant

C．fire

D．bus

3.

A．rubbish

B．people

C．bikes

D．smoke

4.

A．sleeping

B．working

C．eating

D．cooking

5.

A．quietly

B．quickly

C．finally

D．repeatedly

6.

A．moved

B．rushed

C．listened

D．referred

7.

A．surprise

B．excitement

C．anxiety

D．pleasure

8.

A．up

B．out

C．ill

D．busy

9.

A．oldest

B．smartest

C．tallest

D．kindest

10.

A．came out

B．broke down

C．gave up

D．went off

11.

A．stayed

B．helped

C．awoken

D．believed

12.

A．shop

B．office

C．garden

D．building

13.

A．met

B．saved

C．honored

D．taught

14.

A．thankful

B．careful

C．serious

D．proud

15.

A．troubled

B．started

C．remembered

D．made

4 . Schools in US are huge consumers of energy. According to ENERGY STAR, K- 12 schools spend more than $6 billion every year on energy, far more than the amount spent on other resources, and at least 30 percent of this energy is used inefficiently or needlessly.

Realizing that, some schools are seeking measures to save energy in several ways, from low-cost adjustments, such as turning off lights in unused rooms, to large-scale projects, such as turning to green equipment.

As solar energy is becoming a more financial choice for powering buildings, more schools are making the move toward the renewable energy and using solar panels(太阳能电池板)on their rooftops. According to an online solar marketplace EnergySage, schools have their strong points to use solar energy. They often have the kind of enough space, suitable locations that are perfect for setting up solar panels.

In September 2020, a nonprofit Generation180 released its third edition of a study on solar use in US schools. The findings showed that more than 7, 300, or 55 percent, of K- 12 public and private schools used solar energy, the number has increased by 81 percent since 2014.

They also described how solar schools were saving millions in energy bills, and provided several cases to show the increased savings achieved by solar-powered school districts. For ex- ample, an Arkansas school district used its every year's energy savings of nearly $100, 000 to increase its teachers' salaries.

The Interstate Renewable Energy Council, which tracks the number of K- 12 schools with solar equipment and helps schools go solar, says on its website that schools with solar setups have an opportunity to educate students about clean energy, and show them that they are de- voted to do something for students' and the planet's health and future.

Third-party ownership also makes funding for 79 percent of schools to use solar energy possible, meaning a majority of schools don't have to spend large amounts of money but can get the rewards of solar energy.

1. How does the author lead in the topic of the text in the first paragraph?

A．By raising a problem.

B．By giving an example.

C．By making a comparison.

D．By offering an evidence.

2. What is the advantage of using solar energy for the schools in US?

A．Free access to using solar energy.

B．Enough space to fix solar equipment.

C．Financial support from solar marketplace.

D．Being the largest consumers of the energy.

3. What effect does using solar energy have on the schools?

A．Increasing their operating expense

B．Threatening their teachers' income.

C．Raising the students' environmental awareness.

D．Reducing their total amount of energy consuming.

4. Which word can best describe the schools' using solar energy?

A．Achievable

B．Doubtful.

C．Challenging.

D．Worrying.

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. What did the woman do to what the man said?

A．She wrote it down.

B．She repeated it.

C．She typed it out

2. What was the girl probably doing when the accident happened?

A．Riding a bike.

B．Listening to music.

C．Getting on a car.

3. When did the accident happen according to the man?

A．At 7:20 a. m. yesterday.

B．At 7:20 a. m. today.

C．At 7:20 p. m. today.

4. What does the man have to do in the end?

A．Record their conversation

B．Copy his ID card.

C．Sign his name

6 . LOS ANGELES—There are 69,144 people experiencing homelessness in Los Angeles, the most populous(人口稠密的) county(县) in the United States, according to the results of the 2022 Homeless Count released by the Los Angeles Homeless Services Authority (LAHSA) on Thursday.

The number marks a 4.1 percent rise from the last count in 2020, said the authority, adding that a count was not conducted in 2021 in the county, home to around 10 million residents, due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The results of the count, conducted over three nights in February, also showed 41,980 people were experiencing homelessness in the City of Los Angeles, up 1.7 percent from 2020. The City of Los Angeles is the part of Los Angeles County and also the biggest city in the county.

LAHSA said in a news release that this year’s homeless count results offer a clear contrast(差距) to the results between 2018 and 2020, when Los Angeles County saw a 25.9 percent increase and the City of Los Angeles experienced a 32 percent increase. The authority noted that “Angelenos(洛杉矶人) need more affordable homes and economic help to prevent future increases in homelessness.”

LAHSA said the agency and its partners have made 84,000 housing placements(安置) over the past five years. Thanks to a 62 percent increase in shelter(居所) beds since 2019, more people are in shelter than ever before, said the agency, adding that “shelter is a necessary and key part of our system because bringing people inside protects them from the destructive effects on their health and safety that comes. from experiencing unsheltered homelessness.”

Los Angeles has one of the highest rates of unemployment and homelessness in the United States, according to usabynumbers.com. The website reported in June that the total number of homeless people in the United States is over 553,000, and that’s 170 out of every 100,000 people experiencing homelessness in the country right now.

1. When is there no figure of homeless people of the county?

A．In 2019.

B．In 2020.

C．In 2021.

D．In 2022.

2. What does the fifth paragraph mainly tell us?

A．The effects of homelessness on people’s health and safety.

B．The most practical way to raise money for the homeless.

C．The useful measure to deal with the problem of homelessness.

D．The reasons why there are so many homeless people in the county.

3. Which can replace the underlined word “unemployment” in the last paragraph?

A．Injury.

B．Joblessness.

C．Fighting.

D．Treatment.

4. What can be a suitable title for the news report?

A．Angelenos need more affordable homes

B．Total number of homeless people in US is over 553,000

C．Angelenos need more economic help to prevent future homelessness

D．Over 69,000 people experience homelessness in US most populous county

7 . For the past three weeks, students across India’s capital have been attending a new course: happiness. The Delhi government introduced “happiness classes”.     1    . In a country that uses normal testing to determine student success, offers a limited number of seats in top universities and sets high expectations, educators have been seeing mental health effects.     2    . He said, “It will address the growing concern, which is that levels of happiness and well-being are decreasing.”

“We have given best-of-the-best talents to the world,” Sisodai said, according to The Washington Post. “    3    . We have been successful so far. But have we been able to deliver best-of-the-best human beings to society, to the nation?”

The Washington Post says children came out of their first happiness class with some excitement. “We should work happily,” 11-year-old Aayush Jha, a seventh grader at a public school in Delhi, told the paper. “When you work sadly, your work will not be good.”

Sisodai hopes to deliver these tools to help students live more happily inside and outside of the classroom, whether or not they’re achieving their academic standards. “I don’t know if happiness can be learned, but yes, it can be practised,” he says. “    4    .”

One in four Indian children aged 13 to 15 struggles with low spirits, the World Health Organization reported last year. As journalist Susan Brink reported, “The government has made changes after noticing that some young people under great stress to do well in school tended to commit suicide (自杀) if they felt they did poorly.” “In South India, they observed higher suicide rates after exam periods among schoolchildren who failed,” Alexandra Fleischmannn, a project coordinator for the WHO’s Preventing Suicide report, told Brink. “    5    , and that reduced suicides.”

A．Many Indian students are facing a very tough life

B．We have given best-of-the-best professionals to industry

C．Then they introduced the possibility of taking the exams again

D．It is used to decide whether an Indian student is excellent or not

E．Delhi’s Education Minister Manish Sisodai is in charge of making the changes

F．Once you start practising living with happiness, then it can become part of your life

G．It tried to change the country’s academic focus from student achievement to emotional well-being

8 . Humanitarian(人道主义的)groups and lawmakers have criticized Italian authorities for preventing migrants who were not considered to be“vulnerable(脆弱的)”from disembarking(登陆)from rescue ships in Sicily on Sunday.

Charities and politicians blamed the selection process as illegal and regarded the actions of the Italian government as inhumane, reported the Associated Press news service, or AP.   Italy’s new government is reportedly targeting foreign-flagged rescue ships in a new procedure that is part of a regulation brought about by Interior Minister Matteo Piantedosi.

Italy allowed a rescue ship carrying 179 refugees and migrants to enter a port in Sicily on Sunday and then later begin disembarking children and sick or“vulnerable”people, but 35 men on board were blocked from getting off the ship, reported the Reuters news agency. Later, agencies reported that 144 people had been allowed to disembark the Humanity 1 rescue ship,which sailed under a German flag. In the afternoon,357 people were allowed off the Geo Barents ship operated by Doctors Without Borders, which sails under a Norwegian flag, but 215 people remained blocked on board.

Authorities continued to refuse safe harbor for hundreds of migrants onboard two other ships in nearby waters, said the AP. Humanity 1’s captain refused to leave the port of Catania “until all survivors rescued from great suffering at sea have been disembarked”, said SOS Humanity, the German-run charity that operates the ship. The charity strongly criticized Piantedosi’s decision to only allow vulnerable people to disembark and on Monday said it would launch legal action against the Italian government,claiming Italy’s actions violate European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.

The BBC noted that Italy is one of the main entry points into Europe, and, according to the United Nations, 85,000 migrants have arrived there on small,overcrowded boats since the start of the year. Italy’s new prime minister,Giorgia Meloni,has promised to take action to stop those making the hazardous journeys across the Mediterranean.

Nongovernmental organizations say coastal nations are responsible by the law of the sea to rescue people who are suffering and that they are responsible to provide a safe port as soon as possible.

Till Rummenhohl，head of operations at SOS Humanity，said people were being “held hostage (人质)”onboard the Humanity 1 vessel.”“We had health authorities onboard who decided who’s weak enough, who is basically in urgent medical case and who’s not,”Rummenhohl told DW News.“The people are not really sure what’s happening to them. They have an uncertain future. They are afraid of being pushed back from Italy, into international waters or even to Libya. That’s their greatest fear,” he said.

1. Why were 35 of the 179 refugees not allowed to leave the ship to enter Italy in the beginning?

A．They were not weak people.	B．They had no certifications.
C．The ship was in good condition.	D．The ship sailed under a German flag.

2. Which can replace the underlined word “hazardous”in paragraph 5?

A．Comfortable.	B．Thrilling.
C．Long.	D．Dangerous.

3. What is Rummenhohl’s point of view according to the last paragraph?

A．Italy’s actions agreed with European law and the Geneva Refugee Convention.

B．Illegal migrants should be pushed back into international waters.

C．Coastal countries should save people who are suffering at sea.

D．Illegal migrants were supposed to be held hostage onboard.

4. Which can serve as the best title for the news report?

A．Italy provides safe shelters for refugees

B．Italy prevents migrants from leaving ships

C．Humanity 1’s captain refuses to leave the port of Catania

D．Many migrants arrive in Italy on small, overcrowded boats

9 . Along Route 1, in Thomas-tomatines a store filled with handicrafts—birdhouses and dollhouses, salad bowls and sailing ships — all made in Maine state prisons. Ted and Barbara Waylayer have been shopping here for decades. “We found the quality to be excellent,” said Ted.

Prisoners have been making things in Maine since the 1800s. Charlie Jones came here when he was 20, sentenced to 75 years in a state where there is no parole(假释). In the workshops, he discovered he had a talent for carving. One of Jones’ earlier projects was a golden eagle, which he learned to carve from a book.

“It’s amazing to see the amount of talent that the residents have here,”said Randall Liberty, commissioner(局长)of Maine’s Department of Corrections.“We have more than 100 residents working here daily. They do about US $1.6 million worth of work. “One of Maine’s programs allows residents to earn a college degree. The money for it was donated by Doris Buffet, who lived in Dockland, Maine. “She gave us an initial US $2 million donation,” said Liberty.   “And that’s the best money I’ve ever seen invested in anyone.”

Charlie Jones is one of the graduates. “The college program is incredible,” Jones laughed. “When we used to walk to dinner, we could hear people talking about their former crimes. But now when going to dinner, you’ll hear somebody talking about their philosophy class or their history class.”

Liberty said, “The individuals that graduate have about a 5% recidivism(再犯) rate, as opposed to a 60-65% nationally. That means 95% of the people who go through this program don’t go back.”

When Doris Buffet died in 2020, Charlie Jones made a table, with legs made of books, to honor her. It’s also carved with the names of courses open to prison residents, and the professors who teach them. On the table was a book telling Daris Buffet’s story, and a thank you note.

1. What does paragraph 2 tell us about Charlie Jones?

A．He has a gift for carving.	B．He has earned a master degree.
C．He is only expert in carving eagles.	D．He has been in prison for about 20 years.

2. Why did Charlie Jones say those words in paragraph 4?

A．To show how the prisoners tried to reform.

B．To reveal what led those like Charlie Jones to prison.

C．To list some courses included in the college program.

D．To highlight the positive effect of the college program.

3. What can we learn from paragraph 5?

A．Prisoners in Maine create little value.

B．Few prisoners in Maine are hardworking.

C．The handicrafts made in Maine state prisons are of high quality.

D．Prisoners graduating from college have a lower recidivism rate.

4. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A．How Doris Buffet died in 2020.

B．What the table made by Charlie Jones is like.

C．Charlie Jones’ sorrow over the death of Doris Buffet.

D．Why there was a book telling Doris Buffet’s story on the table.

10 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Jennifer Jones, a15-ycar-old teenage girl, fainted in her PE class and then     1     (rush)to hospital. Her worried parents told the doctor that their daughter had missed breakfast that day. Fortunately, she was out of danger and would make a full     2     (recover) soon. She had struggled with eating problems for a long time, for she thought     3    (skip) meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight.

Jennifer’s case is a reminder of the dangers of the     4     (healthy) weight-loss habits which have become common among teenagers. Extremely concerned，a health expert has warned them     5     using such extreme methods and stressed that having a balanced diet     6     (be) necessary since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition    7     (function) well. He also points out that it is important for teenagers to keep regular hours and get    8     large amount of exercise to stay energetic and fit.

Anyway living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape. If we all do so, our society     9     being thin is often seen as being beautiful will     10     (hopeful) change in the near future.