1 . Growing up can sometimes seem like a roller coaster. There are ups and downs and unexpected turns. Abuse or neglect by adult can make the ride even rougher. But being bullied(欺凌) by another child can leave especially lasting scars. That's the finding of a new study.
Bullied kids face a high risk of mental health problems as teens and as young adults. Indeed bullied kids might be worse off than those who had suffered physical abuse or neglect, the study found.
Dieter Wolke works at the University of Warwick in England. Until recently, most studies of child victims focused not on bullying but on maltreatment, this psychologist says. Maltreatment includes physical or emotional abuse, neglect or other behaviors that can harm a child.
Wolke's team wanted to better understand how bullying's long-term effects compare to those due to maltreatment. They focused on 4,026 children in the United Kingdom and 1,420 more in the United States. Information about bullying and maltreatment was collected for American children to age 13.They collected the same information for British youth up to age 16. The researchers also gathered data on each individual's mental health as a young adult.
Among the Americans, 36 percent of bullied kids had mental problems later. Those problems included anxiety, which is a state of excessive worry. They also included depression. That is a feeling of hopelessness that can last a long time. Among kids who had been maltreated by adults, 17 percent later suffered mental health problems. That was less than half the rate seen in people who had been bullied as school kids.
In the U. K. group, the difference was less spectacular. Roughly 25 percent of the bullied kids reported mental health problems later, compared with about 17 percent who had been maltreated.
But however you look at it, the finding are disturbing, Wolke says. They show that bullied children have similar or worse mental health problems later in life. And that’s why he says schools, health services and other agencies must work together to end bullying.
1. According to the passage, which of the statements is TRUE?| A．Kids treated cruelly recover soon after they grow up. |
| B．All bullied kids have mental health problems. |
| C．Most kids with maltreatment experience tend to become violent adults. |
| D．Most studies didn’t pay much attention to bullying until recently. |
| A．By providing research results. | B．By stating arguments. |
| C．By explaining statistical data. | D．By giving examples. |
| A．slight | B．dramatic |
| C．specific | D．similar |
| A．Taking good care of children. |
| B．Joining hands to stop bullying. |
| C．Keeping psychologically healthy. |
| D．Comparing different types of abuse. |
2 . Feifei, an 11-year-old boy from Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, suffered from a sudden acute eye disease which has almost led to blindness. The disease was caused by excessive(过度的)eye fatigue(疲劳)during the winter vacation, during which he played computer games for continuous 10 days and nights.
Many youngsters in China nowadays are increasingly addicted to computer games and other electronic products. This is followed by a series of health problems, with the most typical case being myopia, or nearsightedness.
According to the latest research report released by the World Health Organization (WHO), the myopia rate among Chinese teenagers ranks first in the world—70 percent of high school and college students. The rate is nearly 40 percent in primary school students, while it is only 10 percent for their peers in the United States.
There are at least 10 million people in China with severe myopia, and they are likely to get pathological(病理性的)myopia in middle age. Pathological myopia can't be treated with glasses or surgery, and it is one of the biggest factors that lead to blindness, Xu Xun, director of the ophthalmology(眼科学) department at Shanghai General Hospital, pointed out.
Experts explain that two major factors lead to the high rate of myopia among Chinese people. One is high academic pressure, and the other one is excessive use of electronic devices over a long period of time. Genetics, on the other hand, are not the main reason, as only 20 percent of Chinese people had myopia in the 1960s.
"Teenagers are now faced with severe academic pressure, which means they often study without natural light. This increases their risk of becoming nearsighted," Xu said.
Experts suggest that youngsters maintain a proper balance between study and rest so as to protect their eyesight, and parents should play an active role in the process.
1. Why does the author mention Feifei's experience in the first paragraph?| A．To advise people to protect their eyes. |
| B．To introduce the topic of nearsightedness. |
| C．To inform people of the cause of blindness. |
| D．To show that Feifei developed an eye disease. |
| A．Nearsightedness may cause other health problems. |
| B．There are more nearsighted students in the United States. |
| C．70 percent Chinese students in primary school are nearsighted. |
| D．Pathological myopia is most likely to cause blindness. |
| A．Genetics factors. |
| B．Low academic pressure. |
| C．Overuse of electronic devices. |
| D．Reading in natural light. |
| A．The significance of protecting eyesight. |
| B．Youngsters’ bad behavior leading to myopia. |
| C．The relationship between youngsters and their parents. |
| D．Parents’ role in helping youngsters protect their eyesight. |
3 . Some people asked me how I could suggest the expenses of billions of dollars for a voyage to Mars, at a time when many children on this Earth are starving to death. I know that they do not expect an answer such as “ Oh, I did not know that there are children dying from hunger, but from now on I will stop any kind of space research until mankind has solved that problem! ”In fact, I have known of this long before.
But I firmly believe that by working for the space program we can make some contributions to the relief and eventual solution of such serious problems as poverty and hunger on the Earth. Two basic factors causing the poverty and hunger problems are the production of food and the distribution (分布) of food. In fact, large areas of land could be used far better if efficient methods of farming, fertilizer use, weather forecasting, field selection, planting, crop surveys, harvest planning and so on were applied. The best tool for the improvement of all these methods undoubtedly, is the artificial Earth satellite. Circling the globe at a high altitude, it can screen wide areas of land within a short time; it can observe and measure a large variety of factors indicating the status and condition of crops, soil, droughts, rainfall, snow cover, etc.
Besides, in the modern society, there is a continuing great need for new basic knowledge in the science if we wish to improve the conditions of human life on the Earth. We need more knowledge in physics and chemistry, in biology and physiology, and particularly in medicine to cope with all these problems which threaten man’s life: hunger, disease, overpopulation, pollution of water and the environment. In a way, the space age not only holds out a mirror in which we can see ourselves, it also provides us with the technologies.
1. The passage is mainly discussing about .| A．whether the children’s dying from hunger is the major problem |
| B．whether it is worth spending much money on the space research |
| C．whether the author’s suggestion has been taken into serious consideration |
| D．whether there is an effective way to avoid the global starvation |
| A．Government support. | B．Methods of farming. |
| C．Food supply. | D．Modern technology. |
| A．making comparison | B．giving explanation |
| C．offering advice | D．giving examples |
| A．technologies can help to improve our living quality |
| B．more basic knowledge is required to be learned |
| C．we can live a more peaceful and happier life |
| D．there are different views on the space age |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者 （从第 11 处起 ）不计分。
With the development of the Internet, more and more children are addicted to play online games day and night. It does harm not only to their health, especial their eyes, but also to their studies. Comparing with online games, many traditional games benefits kids mentally and physically. They were very popular to several generations, for they learned something valuable and had a fun playing the games. Therefore, the games are losing our appeal now, and so me children even haven’t heard of them. Personally, I think teachers and parents should take measure to limit their children’s Internet time. Let children know harm of online games and the benefits of traditional games. What’s more, we should often organize some traditional activity for children.
5 . Some people think if you are happy, you are blind to reality. But when we research it, happiness actually raises every single business and educational outcome for the brain. How did we miss this? Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happiness? Because we assumed you were average. When we study people, scientists are often interested in what the average is.
Many people think happiness is genetic. That’s only half the story, because the average person does not fight their genes. When we stop studying the average and begin researching positive outliers —people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelligence —a wildly different picture appears. Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and success.
Scientifically, happiness is a choice. It is a choice about where your single processor brain will devote its limited resources as you process the world. If you scan for the negative first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded(嵌入) in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an amazing advantage.
I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on “Happiness Leads to Profits.” Based on my article called “Positive Intelligence” and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I summarized our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a happy and busy workforce.
A decade of research in the business world proves that happiness raises nearly every business and educational outcome: increasing sales by 37%, productivity by 31%, and accuracy on tasks by 19%, as well as a number of health and quality-of-life improvements.
1. The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to .| A．the fact that people are happy |
| B．the connection between happiness and educational outcome |
| C．the fact that people often misunderstand happiness |
| D．the fact that most people are average |
| A．Scientists are only interested in what the average is. |
| B．You can choose to be happy or not. |
| C．The average are not happy at all. |
| D．Our decisions and habits have nothing to do with happiness. |
| A．To advertise himself. |
| B．To arouse the readers’ interest. |
| C．To support his point about happiness. |
| D．To attract the readers to read his articles. |
| A．To explain what is happiness. |
| B．To describe the misunderstandings about happiness. |
| C．To show people the importance of happiness. |
| D．To make the point that happiness promotes business and educational outcome. |
6 . Main people believe that the only way to make our communities safer is to build more prisons. But there's a way to better protect cities and towns by doing just the opposite.
In many countries throughout the world, prison populations have risen dramatically over the past decade. One of the main reasons for this is the large number of repeat offenders, that is people who break the law again are once freed from jail. Statistics show that about one in four prisoners freed every year return to jail within three years.
This is partly because ex-prisoners face huge difficulty finding employment. More than a third of them cannot find any job at all. Data show that having a job greatly reduces the chances that a person will commit a crime again or commit one in the first place. Released prisoners who do manage to find steady employment are 50 percent less likely to return to prison. Rather than harming a community, having a job helps ex-prisoners to change their ways and make a positive and productive contribution to their communities.
What's more, helping these men and women find jobs would also save taxpayers a lot of money. Few prisoners would save governments millions or possibly even billions of dollars annually: the costs of building and operating jails.
There are many things that the government can do to help ex-prisoners find work. More job training programs should be introduced to provide prisoners with work skills before they are freed. Companies and factories should also be given tax benefits if they employ ex-prisoners. Such programs have been shown to work in several countries.
Such policies of course assure that freed criminals actually want to work. But shouldn't they be given the chance? Our goal, after all, shouldn’t be to incarcerate as many prisoners as possible, but to build a society that doesn't need to put such a large percentage of its population in jail. We should take a step in that direction and help prisoners find self-respect and purpose through work.
1. What percentage of freed prisoners returns to prison within three years?| A．65%. | B．50%. |
| C．33%. | D．25%. |
| A．Facts. | B．Arguments. |
| C．Recommendations. | D．Requirements. |
| A．set free | B．lock up |
| C．employ | D．separate |
| A．Tougher punishment will reduce crime. |
| B．Most prisoners do not deserve to be in prison. |
| C．Economic conditions are a major cause of crime. |
| D．Prison populations are likely to increase in the future. |
7 . The popular TV program Readers has prompted more people in China to practice reading aloud in booths (小间) set up in big cities across the country.
As the latest TV show to help people’s love for literature recover, the CCTV program Readers invites people from all walks of life to read aloud their favorite poems, essays and books, or even personal letters they wrote to their loved ones. Just as the weekly show has been wellreceived, its reading booths, equipped with professional recording devices and cameras, have become instant hits.
A crowd of more than 200 people were pictured lining up outside the Shanghai Library at 11 am on March 4—the first day of the booth’s opening to the public in Shanghai. The deadline for registrations was brought forward to 2 pm instead of the scheduled 5:30 pm, as the number of waiting readers continued to grow. Some waited more than nine hours for a tryout in the booth, according to library management.
“There is an old photo in the late 1970s capturing people lining up outside the Shanghai Library before it opens. If that was a spring of reading in Shanghai, now I think another spring has arrived again,” library manager Zhou Deming, told The Paper.
The reading booth is the only one of its kind in the city of economic center at the moment, but more are expected to be put into use in the coming months, according to the library’s website.
The program has also led to booths in other cities including Beijing, Hangzhou, Guangzhou and Xi’an to appeal to more people to read and share their life stories.
With the recent boom of culturethemed TV shows such as Readers and Chinese Poetry Congress, some are optimistic that this will help the country love literature and reading again in general.
1. The CCTV program Readers aims to________.| A．teach people what to read |
| B．attract people’s attention to CCTV |
| C．invite people to read aloud in the booth |
| D．arouse people’s enthusiasm for reading |
| A．some people waited for a long time to read in the booth |
| B．March 4 was the first day of the opening of Shanghai Library |
| C．on March 4, 200 people read in the booth |
| D．the time for registrations was lengthened for three and a half hours |
| A．many people line up to read aloud in reading booths |
| B．more reading booths will be set up in the future |
| C．Readers has become popular all over China |
| D．Readers has inspired more people to read aloud in reading booths |
But sometimes our desire for gold medals can result in the sadness of failure. When Liu Xiang, China’s track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics due to injury, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.
But things are different now. In the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, we saw a healthier and more lenient Chinese attitude toward the sportspeople, fully in line with the Olympic spirit.
China didn’t win any gold medals on the first day. But, instead of criticizing the athletes who failed to finish on top of the podium (领奖台), the majority of fans were happy with their efforts. “Reacting in the right way when an athlete misses out on gold shows the maturity of a person, and is also a challenge for a country to face up to in the process of development,” commented CRI.
Swimmer Fu Yuanhui won fans’ hearts, even if she only won a bronze medal in the 100m backstroke final. Her fans on her Sina Weibo micro blog have increased 100,000 to over 6 million. Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude toward competition.
“The warm support from Internet users shows that public attitude toward competitive sport and the Olympics have gotten to a higher level,” said an article in the People’s Daily.
1. From passage 2, what can we know about Liu Xiang?
| A．He is still a famous athlete. |
| B．He didn’t complete his event in the Beijing Olympics. |
| C．The audience desired him little. |
| D．He was required to give up the competition. |
| A．unhappy | B．serious |
| C．complaining | D．tolerant |
| A．kindness to the fans |
| B．winning a bronze medal |
| C．attitude to competition |
| D．Weibo mirco blog |
| A．Learning how to face up to challenge. |
| B．Winning gold medals is important. |
| C．Changing attitude to athletes is a must. |
| D．Getting as many gold medals as possible. |
What’s on
Although many parts of Asia have long been connected through trade along Silk Road and shared religious systems, there are strong regional differences. In addition to various languages, Asia has developed its cultural networks, patterns of government, technology and styles of artistic representation.
The diverse cultural life of Africa has been expressed through everyday cooking objects and unique works of art since ancient times. The Museum’s collection of over 200,000 African items includes archaeological and contemporary material from across the continent.
The Iron Age was a time of big change for the people of Britain and Europe.Iron replaced bronze as the material used to make tools and weapons, while religion, art, daily life, economics and politics changed greatly.
Admission and opening times
The Museum is free and open daily 10:00-17:30 except Friday, and is open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday. The Museum is open every day except for 24,25 and 26 December and 1 January.
Museum shops
Bookshop
Monday-Thursday 10:00-17:30 Friday 10:00-20:00
Saturday 10:30-17:30 Sunday 10:00-17:30
Collections shop
Monday-Thursday 09:30-17:30 Friday 09:30-20:00
Saturday 09:30-17:30 Sunday 10:00-17:30
Getting here
By Tube
Nearest underground stations:
Tottenham Court Road(500m) Holborn (500m)
Russell Square(800m) Goodge Street(800m)
By bus
Buses that stop near the Museum:1,8,19,X25,38,55,98,242
By car
The Museum lies within the Congestion(拥堵) Charge Zone. There is little on-street parking nearby. The nearest car park to the Museum is located at Bloomsbury Square. There is limited parking in the Museum’s open space for disabled visitors only.
1. In the museum, you may not see items from ________.
| A．Asia | B．Africa | C．Europe | D．America |
| A．20:15 Friday, July 11 |
| B．14:45 Saturday, January 1 |
| C．18:00 Wednesday, February 14 |
| D．10:30 Sunday, December 28 |
| A．It is not convenient to drive cars to the Museum. |
| B．The No.55 bus stop is the nearest to the Museum. |
| C．It is 500 meters from Russell Square to the Museum. |
| D．The old can park their cars in the Museum’s open area. |
Not all children want to listen to their parents. However, parents have been around for at least two decades or so longer than their kids.
The more you learn, the less you really know. People tend to believe that they are right about everything before they’ve really learned anything about the world.
Growing up too fast is truly bad.
It is better to try and fail than fail to try. Children have to learn that failure is part of life.
| A．Parents are wiser than you think. |
| B．It’s hard enough for adults to accept. |
| C．Being around people who don’t challenge you is a bad idea. |
| D．Your childhood years may not be the best years of your life. |
| E．They have some life experience, and it makes sense to listen to them. |
| F．People who bring out the best in others will reach their personal best. |
| G．By the time they have, they’ll realize how complicated (复杂) the world can be. |
