Technology has started to take over the world. It may seem like a huge advancement to society, but large setbacks come equally.
We now live in an age of social media. We have never been as
While some may see social media’s positive effects
To understand technology, one must know
2 . In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception (感知) of the food in front of us.
Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV or a similar distraction(分心) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.
This difference suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
“Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal,” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.”
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calorie shake.
What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.
1. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?| A．How we feel the food we eat. | B．What elements the food contains. |
| C．When we eat our meals. | D．How fast we eat our meals. |
| A．Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases. |
| B．Food labels may influence our body’s response to food. |
| C．Hunger levels depend on one’s consumption of calories. |
| D．People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary. |
| A．Trick ourselves into eating less. | B．Choose food with fewer calories. |
| C．Concentrate on food while eating. | D．Pick dishes of the right size. |
| A．Eating distractions often affect our food digestion. |
| B．Psychological factors influence our hunger levels. |
| C．Our food intake is determined by our biological needs. |
| D．Good eating habits will contribute to our health. |
3 . Museums are centers filled with information designed to enlighten and educate the curious mind. Especially for children, museums introduce them to unknown worlds, inspire their imagination and provide them with valuable learning experiences. It's generally believed that museums only help fuel academic education.
Museums offer children bigger connections and references to history than a traditional class. They play a huge role in impacting their historical knowledge and the innovation taking place before their eyes.
Museums are well enough equipped to awaken curiosity in young minds, which in turn will lead to these children asking questions.
Museums have the ability to leave its visitors in awe of the huge amount of information it holds. They provide inspiration to young children via its resources that leave them fascinated about the night sky and the solar system, the skeletons that keep them thinking about life before them, the artworks that arouse the creative mind, etc.
| A．Parents themselves don't have to be history lovers. |
| B．Some of these questions may have immediate answers. |
| C．All in all, museums encourage children to dream and wonder. |
| D．But in fact, they provide knowledge regarding all walks of life. |
| E．Museums are a collection of resources that promote informal education. |
| F．Museums are packed with exhibits that aid developing critical thinking skills. |
| G．To connect with the innovations, it is important that they understand where it all began. |
4 . For the past 3000 years, when people thought of money, they thought of cash. From buying food to paying bills, day-to-day dealings involved paper or metal money. Over the past decade, however, digital payments have taken off—tapping your credit card on a machine or having the QR Code (二维码) on your smart phone scanned has become normal. Now this revolution is about to turn cash into an endangered species in some rich countries. That will make the economy more efficient, but it also brings new problems.
Countries are getting rid of cash at different speeds. In Sweden the number of retail cash transactions (交易) per person has fallen by 80% in the past ten years. Cash accounts for just 6% of purchases by value in Norway. Britain is probably four or six years behind it. America is perhaps a decade behind. Outside the rich world, cash is still king. However, in China, digital payments rose from 4% of all payments in 2012 to 34% in 2017.
Cash is dying out because of two forces. One is demand—younger consumers want to enjoy their digital lives with payment systems. But equally important, suppliers such as banks and tech firms are developing fast, easy-to-use payment technologies from which they can pull data and pocket fees.
In general, the future of a cashless economy is excellent news. When cash payments disappear, people and shops are less likely to be stolen. Besides, digitalisation greatly expands the playground of small businesses by enabling them to sell beyond their borders. It also creates a credit history, helping consumers borrow. Yet it is not without problems. Electronic payment systems may suffer technical failures, power blackouts and cyber-attacks. What’s more, in a cashless economy, the poor, the elderly and country folk may be left behind.
1. What do we know about digital payments in paragraph 1?| A．They've been used in daily dealings for 3000 years. |
| B．They have become popular in the past ten years. |
| C．They can only be made on the smart phones. |
| D．They are leading to cash's dying out worldwide. |
| A．America. | B．Britain. | C．Sweden | D．Norway. |
| A．Cash payments are less likely to disappear. |
| B．Digitalisation enables small businesses to sell nationally. |
| C．Customers can have their credit history built through digital payments. |
| D．Digital payments may benefit the poor, the elderly and country folks. |
| A．have fallen off | B．have become a trend |
| C．have been out of fashion | D．have been substituted |
In the past a gentleman would offer his seat to a lady on a
（1）描述清洁工工作的艰辛；
（2）假如没有清洁工，环境会变得如何？
（3）你对平凡工作的看法。
注意: （1）词数不少于100词；
（2）语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。
7 . Chef Xiang Chunqin lowered the fire on the stove where she was cooking her Cantonese meal. She added all the necessary ingredients, including the seafood, shrimp. She quickly lowered the fire and turned toward a phone camera as hundreds of people watched her online. "It ruins the dish if you burn the breadcrumbs, "She advised her live-stream video watchers.
Many people in China are restricted to their homes in the effort to stop the spread of coronavirus. Millions of them are finding a new interest in cooking. People watching television and online cooking shows are learning how to make Chinese and Western foods. They are also pushing up the sale of special cookware on online markets, because cooking tools matter to some recipes. Downloads of the top five recipe apps doubled in February, said research company Sensor Tower, i.e. more than 2 million downloads. The Chinese video streaming company Billibilli said it has had more than 580 million views of its cooking videos in the two months since the coronavirus began to spread in China.
Another online cooking show producer DayDayCook told reporters its number of new users increased 200 percent from January to February. A recipe for bean curd and shrimp received the most views. We have never gained new users with such speed since we launched the service in 2012," said founder and leader Tan Xiaoyong.
Many new home cooks are young people living in cities, say industry leaders. This group is used to eating in restaurants or getting food delivery. Now these people are cooking at home.Huang Yifeng, is a 28-year-old who works in Beijing, the capital. She was among those trapped at home in February. She says she spent a lot of time online, learning how to make bread and other foods. Chef Xiang explained that many of her online viewers expressed interest in discussing more than just food. "In the past, users were only interested in learning cooking tricks, but now we talk about all kinds of subjects."
1. What does the underlined word in the second paragraph probably refer to?| A．pans and pots | B．cooks and viewers |
| C．salt and oil | D．books and recipes |
| A．Bilibili has more viewers than DayDayCook after the coronavirus broke out. |
| B．The recipe for bean curd and shrimp had the most purchasers. |
| C．People were only interested in learning cooking tricks when restricted to their homes. |
| D．In February, much more people than before had access to the trending cooking apps. |
| A．To provide readers with an example of how hot online cooking apps have become. |
| B．To serve as the background information of the passage. |
| C．To show it's easy to do business during the coronavirus outbreak. |
| D．To advertise the app DayDayCook. |
| A．The reason why people are used to eating in restaurants or getting food delivery. |
| B．The number of DayDayCook's new users from January to February. |
| C．The fact that western food is getting increasingly popular. |
| D．The trend of learning cooking tricks when trapped at home. |
8 . Nowadays some companies are attempting to grow seafood from cells in a laboratory rather than harvesting it from the oceans.
With massive problems with overfishing worldwide and growing demand for shrinking supplies of seafood, the way fish currently makes its way to our plates isn't a long-term viable option. Between 1961 and 2016, the average annual increase in global food fish consumption outpaced population growth. Those are figures not sustainable for us, the fish or the environment as a whole.
Cellular seafood could be the answer. Just don't make the mistake of calling it lab-grown fish. ''None of us in the industry would call it lab-grown seafood, '' says Mike Selden, CEO of Finless Foods. ''Finless Foods isn’t lab-grown. We experiment and create our science in the lab, but don't produce there. Our products come from a production base much like a farm as a production base for animals.''
Finless Foods is a tech company in San Francisco. Beginning in 2017, it's been working to bring to market a species of cultured bluefin tuna (蓝鳍金枪鱼) created using cellular technology. Shortly after that, the company produced its first pound of bluefin tuna meat for a cost of about $19,000. Since then, however, it's been working to bring that price down.
Selden terms what Finless Foods is doing as ''cell-based seafood''. ''We're growing seafood from real seafood cells,'' Selden explained. ''We take cells from a fish once, and then grow them endlessly from that. We do the same process that happens inside of a fish and make it happen outside of a fish. ''
The goal of cellular seafood isn't to entirely destroy the current seafood industry. Instead, it's intended to augment it—and perhaps to help reduce some of the more harmful aspects of current fishing practices like overfishing and illegal fishing. And when it comes to certain sea species, this laboratory-based approach could help create a plentiful supply of certain fish without endangering the survival of certain overfished species as a whole.
1. What is the main function of the second paragraph?| A．Warning us of the shrinking seafood supplies. |
| B．Stressing the significance of cellular seafood. |
| C．Analyzing the reasons for global overfishing. |
| D．Showing the environmental effect of seafood. |
| A．The high cost of its production. | B．Its inadequate nutrient content. |
| C．Its potential harmful health effect. | D．The complex production process. |
| A．replace | B．strengthen | C．cancel | D．tolerate |
| A．Is Seafood Made Out of Cells? | B．Will Seafood Become Cheaper? |
| C．Have We Got Enough Seafood? | D．Is Cellular Seafood Sustainable? |
注意：1.短文须包括所有要点；
2.词数100词左右，开头已给出，不计入词数。
参考词汇：WeChat study group微信学习群
| 赞成的理由 | 反对的理由 | 你的看法 |
| 1.获得新知识； 2.利用闲暇时间学习； | 1.学习群管理不善； 2.浪费时间； | 1.…… 2.…… |
Nowadays, WeChat study groups are more and more popular among people. However, different people hold different opinions.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Ziqi, 29, from Sichuan province, started her video(视频) blogs on traditional food and crafts(手艺) three years ago after giving up city life
Li has a library of 100 videos that have been
“She displays a happy countryside life and sends out positive energy,” said one user. “
Another wrote that
Others disagreed. “Li Ziqi only shows the underdeveloped aspect(方面) of China
State broadcaster CCTV weighed into the debate on Tuesday. “Li promotes Chinese culture in a good way and
