1 . Modern humans have only existed for a relatively short time, and maybe we’d like to stick around a lot longer. But how can we do that?

Figure out climate change.

    1    There have been times in the past when it’s been hotter than it is today, and times when it’s been cooler. But there is something different about the past century. As far as we can tell from the record, there has been no time in Earth’s entire history when the climate has warmed so much in such a short amount of time.     2    There are: more frequent and more severe extreme weather events like tornadoes and hurricanes; droughts increasing; more changeable weather, with seasons beginning to lack regularity; and sea level rises. While climate change doesn’t necessarily pose an existential threat to human existence, it surely poses a threat to how we like to live our lives in modern society.

Figure out nuclear weapons.

A single nuclear weapon doesn’t pose a threat to all of humanity, but the thousands of them in the world right now certainly do.     3    Just consider all the “near misses” in recent history, where nuclear war was avoided thanks only to the quick thinking of individuals. We can only try our luck for so long. And one accident can lead to larger scale nuclear conflict.     4    

Figure out asteroids(小行星).

If you want to know the terrible consequences for ignoring space borne threats, just ask the dinosaurs how well it worked out for them. Asteroids have the ability to cause massive extinction events, wiping out vast numbers of entire species.     5     For humanity to make it to the long-term, we need to equip ourselves with asteroid detection and reduction strategies

A．The consequences can’t be avoided.

B．Countries are joining hands to solve it.

C．Now the chances of one nuclear explosion increase.

D．The earth’s climate has changed for millions of years.

E．While these kinds of events are rare, the risks are severe.

F．And we can see the effects of climate change everywhere.

G．We need to disarm as much as possible to reduce the risk of disaster.

6 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. How old do teens become adults now in Japan?

A．20.

B．18.

C．22.

2. What can 18-year-olds do from 2022?

A．Get married.

B．Drink alcohol.

C．Smoke cigarettes.

3. Why did Japan’s government pass the new law?

A．To change its retirement age.

B．To reduce its pollution.

C．To develop its economy.

4. What do young Japanese people more care about?

A．How to pay less tax.

B．How to celebrate Coming of Age Day.

C．How to enjoy health care payments.

7 . 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Mark was a boy admired by his classmates and friends. He was happy, confident, brave, social, and had good school performance. But when Mark was ten years old, all this changed.

During that year, Mark met with an accident, and his left leg got terribly injured. After recovery, he could no longer walk normally like before though he didn’t need the crutches (拐杖), which made him sad and hopeless. Worried about Mark’s situation, his parents tried to entertain him and cheer him up.

On a cool Saturday morning in summer, Mark’s mother, Nicole, wondered how to entertain and encourage him. Suddenly she remembered Mark had said he wanted to learn to row a boat. Mark said it before the car accident. But after the disaster, Mark never mentioned it again. Wondering whether Mark still liked it, Nicole asked. But Mark just replied, “No, Mom!” He was thinking to himself, “With this disabled (残疾的) leg, I could do nothing. I’ll be a loser for the rest of my life.” But Nicole kept telling him that it would be fun and easy for him to row a boat under her guidance. Not wanting to disappoint his mom, Mark finally decided to give it a try, but didn’t hold any hope. Then he and his mom set off for a lake.

Mark was a little anxious all the way because it was his first time that he had rowed a boat. Nicole tried to comfort him. After about an hour of driving, they arrived at the lake. There were already many people who came for entertainment. Some were driving boats on the lake. And some were fishing. There were also some people doing exercise, running around the lake.

After parking the car, Nicole came to a building with Mark. There Nicole rented a small boat driven by oars (桨). After putting on life jackets, Nicole and Mark headed to the boat stopping by the lake. A worker showed them the boat they had rented.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:

Nicole first stepped onto the boat.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:

Observing his mother, Mark also took an oar, trying rowing the boat.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8 . Germany’s top court (法院) has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. Nine young people aged 15 to 24 took the government to court over the law. They said that the government’s failure to plan carefully was putting their future lives in danger.

The judges (法官) of Germany’s highest court said climate change will influence young people far more than adults. That’s because climate change will become more serious over time. As young people become adults, they’ll be left to deal with any problems that today’s adults don’t deal with.

In 2019, Germany passed a new law, promising that the country would be producing no more CO2 than the forest can take in by 2050. The law made a plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050.

The court has asked the German government to fix the law by the end of 2022. The climate law will now need to have a plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030.

The German government has said that it will quickly begin working to make the needed changes. One important part of high court decisions like this is that they act as guides or examples for future decisions. This means that in the future, Germany’s lawmakers will be more likely to think about the climate future of young people as they create their laws.

1. Why did the judges make such a decision?

A．They decided the new law made no sense.

B．They wanted to give the young more rights.

C．They focused more on the future of the young.

D．They thought it’s hard to solve climate change.

2. What did the nine young people feel displeased with about the government?

A．It failed to take action before 2030.

B．It was producing more and more CO2.

C．It refused to consider the young’s rights.

D．It didn’t plan the climate actions after 2030.

3. How will the German government do in the future?

A．It will make more decisions on climate change.

B．It will ask the young to help make climate laws.

C．It will consider the young when making climate laws.

D．It will encourage the young to protect the environment.

4. What did the nine young people’s action show?

A．They were brave and forward-looking enough.

B．They couldn’t bear the present climate change.

C．They wanted to take part in law-making.

D．They planned to work in the government.

9 . People who cross the street while looking at their phones may be fined in the city of Xiamen, Fujian province, as traffic police officers are enforcing (施行) a local regulation that was put into effect on August 1st.

A pedestrian who was crossing the street on Tuesday while looking at their phone was given a warning, becoming the city’s first to receive a reprimand (训斥) for the behavior.

The Traffic Safety Regulation on Zebra Lines in Xiamen Special Economic Zone, made into a law on Tuesday, states pedestrians should not browse their electronic devices or engage in other activities that may end anger traffic safety while using crossing lanes. Those who violate this rule and delay or stop the progress of the normal passage of vehicles are supposed to be given a warning or a fine of 50 yuan($7).

The regulation was made in response to motions by legislators (立法委员) to the Xiamen people’s congress. “Through putting uncivilized behavior right via legal means, we hope to create a better environment for drivers and pedestrians to better understand and interact with each other,” said Wu Tao, an official at the local congress.

Su Guoqiang, a deputy to the congress among those who raised the motion, said more than 20 percent of traffic accidents in Xiamen happened on crosswalks. “We hope to use the punishment of the ‘small’ act of browsing phones as something to prevent people from doing such a thing,” he told China Central Television.

Peng Chong, a traffic police officer in Xiamen, told CCTV for the time being they will mostly educate and warn violators and make everyone involved in traffic aware of the rules.

1. What does the underlined word “motions” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Formal invitations.	B．Formal features.
C．Formal proposals.	D．Formal apologies.

2. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about?

A．The concrete contents of the punishment.

B．The reason why the motion was put forward.

C．The reason why people browse phones on crosswalks.

D．The factors that have an influence on traffic on streets.

3. How do police officers punish people violating the law at present according to Peng Chong?

A．Mostly by giving them a ticket.	B．Mostly by giving them a warning.
C．Mostly by making them recite the law.	D．Mostly by making them catch another violator.

4. What can serve as the best title for the news report?

A．Pedestrians on crosswalk warned not to end anger traffic safety in Xiamen

B．Xiamen expects drivers and pedestrians to better understand each other

C．20 percent of traffic accidents in Xiamen happen on crosswalks

D．Xiamen regulation on crosswalk behavior enters force

10 . Professor Paul Hughes says the way we talk to ourselves and about ourselves to other people can affect our life in many ways, from our career to our family life. He saw this firsthand while teaching at a community college.

He noticed that some students who studied hard and came to class every day still did poorly in exams. They are filled with angst about taking a test. Hughes used one of his students as an example. Lindsay was a good student. She came to class early, took part in discussions and did all of her homework. However, she did poorly in exams. When Hughes asked her how she felt before a test, she told him she was very nervous. She wondered why she had trouble remembering what she had learned. She said she did not trust that she knew the right answers.

Hughes took Lindsay’s negative statements and turned them into positive questions. Before a test, he told Lindsay to say to herself: Why am I so relaxed when I take an exam? Why am I so focused during my exam? Why do I remember everything I study for an exam? Why do I trust my answers?

Lindsay took his advice. Two weeks later, she took an exam and scored 15 points higher than she had in an earlier exam. Four weeks later, she got a “B” in the final exam.

After Lindsay left the community college and went to a four-year university, she continued to use the method of positive self-talk. She got straight A’s in all of her exams. Hughes saw student after student succeed with his method. They got more than just good test scores. They got their selfconfidence back.

Hughes does not just help his students. He also uses his positive self-talk method to help his friends and neighbors. In a television interview, he summed it up this way, “We can program ourselves for failure in class or in life, but we can also program ourselves for success.”

1. What does the underlined word “angst” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Tiredness.

B．Concern.

C．Dislike.

D．Satisfaction.

2. What did Hughes advise Lindsay to do before exams?

A．Review her lessons carefully.

B．Join in more group discussions.

C．Encourage herself by thinking positively.

D．Write her thoughts down to remove stress.

3. What can we learn about Hughes’ self-talk method?

A．It helps students get smarter during the exam.

B．It can’t lead to success until used for a long period.

C．It is designed for students who do poorly in school.

D．It can help increase students’ scores and confidence.

4. Which of the following best describes Hughes’ idea?

A．Thoughts influence actions.

B．Sometimes hard work doesn’t work.

C．It’s easy to improve self-confidence.

D．All things are hard before they are easy.