1 . A person seeking a new career opportunity might consider looking in a museum. Museums provide jobs in fields such as research, management, graphic arts, public relations, education, preserving, cataloging, fund-raising, and construction. A museum may have one employee or thousands.

Many museum workers do not work directly with the objects in the museum; for example, the staff of a finance department prepares budgets and financial reports. Accountant and bookkeeper are typical positions. Staffers in the development department, meanwhile, work to increase museum membership and donations and to plan fund-raisers, such as dances or auctions. Publications department personnel may write newsletters, brochures, or books.

Some museums have an education department responsible for planning talks, teaching workshops, directing tours, or training tour guides.

People who prefer to work directly with a museum's collection have many career options. A person who pays attention to detail may enjoy being a registrar, the person who keeps track of the objects in a museum. Registrars keep records of objects, noting what they are, when and how they were obtained, and whether they are on loan to another museum or on display.

Curators are the people responsible for a museum's collection. One of their duties is to choose items for exhibits; then they work closely with designers who plan the best way to arrange exhibits. Other specialists do things such as arrange lighting or build display cases. Expert craftspeople can also find jobs re-creating historic buildings, such as the Pilgrim village at Plimoth Plantation.

A museum also often employs conservators to repair and take care of its collection. Many conservators are specialists who care for one kind of item, such as books or paintings. The Henry Ford Museum employs many conservators, including some who are experts in caring for antique cars.

Some historic homes, such as George Washington's home in Mount Vernon, have gardens, farms, and woods, as well as buildings. Gardeners are employed to care for the grounds and livestock handlers to care for farm animals.

Museums offer many other career opportunities too. They may have gift shops where sales assistants sell books, postcards, and other items or. restaurants where meals are prepared and served. Depending on one's interests, a museum could be a great place to look for a job.

1. A museum's education department might _____.

A．plan fund-raisers	B．prepare financial reports
C．write brochures	D．conduct workshops

2. Like curators, conservators______.

A．work directly with museum collections

B．choose museum collections

C．prepare financial reports

D．choose items for exhibits

3. It can be inferred from the passage that a publications department in a museum employs______.

A．teachers

B．writers

C．craftspeople

D．bookkeepers

4. Which of the following sentences best describes the main idea of the passage?

A．Curators work closely with designers in the arrangement of museum exhibits.

B．There are many kinds of museums in such fields as history, art, and science.

C．Museums, although they vary in purpose and size, offer a wide range of career opportunities.

D．Museums serve as an ideal workplace for those only interested in museum collections.

2 . Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62 - 74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound (深刻的).

The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling (扩大的) ranks of pensioners (领养老金者) will create government budget problems.

But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle (不工作的) old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates are falling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.

Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated. Technological change may well reinforce (加强) that shift: the skills that complement (补充) computers, from management to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.

1. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?

A．Younger people are replacing the elderly.	B．Well-educated people tend to work longer.
C．Unemployment rates are rising year after year.	D．People with no college degree do not easily find work.

2. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?

A．Longer life expectancies.	B．Rapid technological advance.
C．Profound changes in the workforce.	D．A growing number of the well-educated.

3. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?

A．Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.

B．More people have to receive in-service training.

C．Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.

D．People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.

4. What is the characteristic of work in the 21st century?

A．Computers will do more complicated work.

B．More responsibility will be taken by the educated young.

C．Most jobs to be done will be the creative ones.

D．Skills are highly valued regardless of age.

3 . Directions: Read the following job ad and complete the sentences that follow. Write one word or more in each space.

1. If Angela’s Pet Shop is open for 8 hours every day, the assistant will get $__________ after a full day’s work.
2. Angela’s Pet Shop is looking for an assistant who can work for it every __________.
3. The assistant’s duties include taking care of pets and dealing with __________ in the shop as well as on the phone.
4. One who has __________ is more likely to be chosen than those who haven’t.

4 . I was born in Korea, and my family came over to America when I was 10. I’m the middle child of three girls, and my parents moved so we would experience a different life. They did it for our education and to give us more of a chance than they had. We moved to Staten Island, and I went to the High School of Performing Arts in New York City. My parents were depressed when I told them I wanted to be an actress. My father suggested I try premed(医学预科). But after they saw me in plays they were really proud.
I graduated from Boston University and was doing theater in New York when I got cast in a Korean miniseries(电视连续剧). We started shooting the show in New York, and then went to Korea to finish it up. They said I would be there for three weeks, but it ended up being two months. The miniseries took off, and overnight, I became recognizable. It was sort of like Lost. It blew up. Then amazing projects were offered to me. I kept thinking, “ I’ll do one more and then go back to the US.” I ended up staying for seven years.
Some people described me as the Julia Roberts of Korea, which is a bad comparison because she’s the queen of romantic comedy. I became famous in Korea for a dramatic role in a film called Shiri. I played a “La Femme Nikita” type of role. I was the girl with the gun—all action.
1. The writer’s parents moved to America so as to ________.

A．offer a good chance to their children.

B．receive a good education in performing

C．seek a successful life in America

D．film a Korean miniseries

2. When the writer announced her decision to become an actress, her parents ________.

A．were both in favor of her	B．felt very ashamed of her
C．didn’t agree at first	D．took it for granted

3. What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A．The author’s performing life in America.

B．The difficulties of filming abroad.

C．The popularity of the miniseries Lost.

D．The author’s first performing breakthrough.

4. The writer referred to the Julia Roberts of Korea as a bad comparison to show ________.

A．she looked down upon Julia Roberts

B．she disliked to be compared with others

C．she had a different style of performing

D．she was better at dramatic roles than Julia

5 . Besides relevant theories and keen logic, a scientist who does research in economic psychology and who wants to predict the way in which consumers will spend their money must study consumer behavior.   It’s vital for his credit as a qualified economist.     He must obtain numbers and material both on the resources of consumers and on the efforts that tend to encourage or discourage money spending.

If an economist were asked which of the three groups borrow most——people with rising incomes, stable incomes or declining incomes——he would probably answer: those with declining incomes.   Actually, in the past 5 years, the answer was: people with rising incomes.   This shows us that traditional assumptions about earning and spending are not always reliable.   Another traditional assumption is that if people who have money expect prices to go up, they will hurry to buy.   If they expect prices to go down, they will postpone buying.   But research surveys have shown that this is also not always the case.   Their expectations of price increases may not stimulate buying.   One typical attitude was expressed by the wife of a mechanic in an interview at a time of rising prices.   “In a few months,” she said, “we’ll have to pay more for meat and milk.   We’ll have less to spend on other things.”   Her family had been planning to buy a new car but they postponed this purchase.   Furthermore, the rise in prices that has already taken place may be hated and buyer’s resistance may be caused.   This is shown by the following typical comment of the wife: “I just don’t pay these prices: they are too high.”

Traditional assumptions should be investigated carefully, and factors of time and place should be considered.   The investigations mentioned above were carried out in America.   Research conducted at the same time in Great Britain, however, produced results that were more in agreement with traditional assumptions about saving and spending patterns.   The condition most beneficial to spending appears to be price stability.   If prices have been stable and people have become accustomed to considering the current prices “right”, they are likely to buy.   Thus, in a society of good economy which maintains consumer confidence, it appears that the common business policy of maintaining stable prices with occasional sales or discounts is based on a correct understanding of consumer psychology.

1. According to the passage, it is essential for a successful economist to ______.

A．know about economic theories

B．be capable of logical thinking

C．predict the latest national economy

D．to understand consumers’ spending habits

2. The example of the mechanic’s wife is intended to show that ______.

A．people tend to buy more when prices are expected to fall

B．people tend to buy less when prices are expected to fall

C．people tend to buy more when prices are expected to rise

D．people tend to buy less when prices are expected to rise

3. Findings in investigations in Britain show _____.

A．consumer behaviour may vary in different places

B．Britain and America share similar saving and spending patterns

C．Britain is important in economic research

D．occasional discounts and sales are important

4. Accorg to the passage, what is most helpful in promoting spending?

A．Big discount.

B．Good consumer confidence.

C．Steady price.

D．Positive consumer psychology.