1 . Search online “work too much” and you’ll get screenfuls of information about the harmful medical, mental and social consequences of spending too much time on the job. However, under current circumstances, the old saying “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” should be “makes Jack a dead boy.”
A latest study by W.H.O. says that working 55 or more hours a week is a “serious health risk”. It estimates that long working hours led to 745,000 deaths worldwide in 2016, a 29 percent increase over 2000. Men accounted for 72 percent of the deaths; the worst concentrations were in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia, and particularly among 60 to 79-year-olds who had worked long hours after the age of 45.
These figures make long working hours the biggest work-related health risk of all. Risk of a stroke rises by 35 percent and of deadly heart disease by 17 percent for those who can’t or won’t stop working, compared with people who work 35 to 40 hours a week. The pandemic, and especially remote work, has created new opportunities to work too hard.
The W.H.O. director-general, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, noted that teleworking has blurred the line between work and home and that people who have survived layoffs (裁员) at struggling businesses have ended up working longer hours. One survey found an overwhelming majority of American employees have shortened, postponed or canceled vacations during the pandemic.
The red flags about overwork have been waving for years all around the world. Exhaustion has been identified as a factor in industrial disasters like the BP oil refinery explosion in Texas City in 2005 and the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island. In Japan, long working hours are so common that “karoshi,” translated as “death by overwork”, is a legally recognized cause of death.
So, working less is a matter of life and death, isn’t it?
1. How does the writer illustrate the risk of overwork in para.3?| A．By giving examples. | B．By listing opinions. |
| C．By analyzing causes. | D．By describing actions. |
| A．The inconvenience in traveling. |
| B．The loss of work-home boundaries. |
| C．The increased enthusiasm for work. |
| D．The lack of interest in entertainment. |
| A．Working less is a matter of life and death. |
| B．Japan is known for its culture of overworking. |
| C．The harm of overwork has long been acknowledged. |
| D．Overwork is a major reason behind industrial disasters. |
| A．In a college textbook of medicine. |
| B．In a guidebook for workplace newcomers. |
| C．In the “opinion” column of a newspaper. |
| D．In the brochure of a Japanese company. |
| A．人物 | B．数字 | C．形象 | D．特征 |
2 . I have been drawing for as long as I can remember. When I was a little girl, my parents were very busy. In order to entertain myself. I found pens and paper and started drawing.
At that time, I thought of drawing just as a hobby. When I was tired of doing homework, I wanted to do something creative. One day, it hit me. How nice would it be if I could do something I love for a living? I did research on the best art schools around the world. One of my friends studied art in the USA. She advised me to go to Rhode Island School of Design (RISD).
Luckily, I was accepted into RISD. At first, I felt a little down. I didn’t have my own style. I tried many different things. Finally, Chris Baselli, one of my teachers helped me find it.
Now, I’ve been working as a full-time illustrator (插图画家) for ten years. I’ve drawn for newspapers and magazines such as The New York Times and The New Yorker. I often get letters from readers. They love my style.
I’m still in the early part of my career (职业). The biggest fear that I have is losing the excitement. I hope that will never happen so that I can keep creating wonderful artworks in the long period.
1. The writer started to draw in order to ______.| A．make money | B．entertain herself |
| C．help her parents | D．help her mother |
| A．she helped her find a good job |
| B．she helped her find her own drawing style |
| C．she got her interested I being an illustrator. |
| D．she helped her make money |
| A．She is worried, she will lose her job. |
| B．She reads newspapers and magazines every day. |
| C．She feels she still has a long way to go in her career. |
| D．She reads book every day. |
3 . I look forward to my half hour train ride to work every morning. I can look out of the window as it twists and turns itself through neighborhoods with the sun casting its strong lighting on the floor of the train car. I sometimes get lost in thought while following the light. But the reason I love this ride is that it’s a reminder of how neighborhoods can change from block to block.
For almost a year now I have been riding this train as I head into the office where I work as a reporter for a local magazine. I am one of 13 journalists who help report community news in areas that are often forgotten. And for me, that means covering areas like the one I grew up in.
Last week, as I was on the way to my office, I started wondering how neighborhoods have changed since the 2008 housing crisis. I searched addresses on the city’s southwest side, a neighborhood that has seen a significant number of residential homes pulled down, I scanned the street views recorded on my phone and saw how the neighborhood looked in 2007. Then I set out to visit the city block, and that’s when I met 3-year-old Harmony.
Harmony loved collecting rocks for me to hold as I walked down the street with her mother, Marquita. I already knew what the neighborhood looked like in the past, but Marquita shared more details of the people who once lived on her block, who were really friendly to each other. However, people today in the neighborhood are busy with life and seldom say hello to each other. Marquita has lived on this block her entire life, and Harmony has for most of her short life as well. But the neighborhood that Marquita grew up in will be one obviously different than the one Harmony will grow to know.
In the end, they smiled at my camera. And then I got back on the train and headed back to the office to tell their stories.
1. What makes the author love his train ride to work?| A．Being lost in thought. | B．Admiring the outside views. |
| C．Enjoying the warm sunshine. | D．Knowing the change of blocks. |
| A．By reading earlier reports. | B．By interviewing local people. |
| C．By watching past street views. | D．By searching his memories. |
| A．Sad. | B．Nervous. | C．Touched. | D．Confused. |
| A．To share a pleasant train ride with us. |
| B．To tell us the work of a news reporter. |
| C．To show us a crowded community. |
| D．To introduce a new neighborhood. |
4 . Envy (嫉妒) is a natural human emotion (情绪), and we writers suffer from it constantly. But if we allow it, our envy will eat us up inside and turn something we once loved (writing) into something we hate now.
Remind yourself why you write.
I write because it’s a main aspect of who I am. It satisfies me in a way nothing else does. Although I’m glad to cash whatever checks publishers send me, this is not my purpose.
Keep a positive comment file.
I’ve long kept a blurb(简介)file where I list positive comments reviewers have made about my work. I use these blurbs when it comes time to promote my work. I also read over them when I need to remind myself that I’m a pretty good writer. I take screenshots (截屏) of positive things people say about my work on social media.
You know what happens when you don’t see people posting about their writing successes all the time? You know nothing about them. And if you know nothing about them, you can’t be envious of them, can you? So sometimes leaving the social media alone might help you reduce the chance of being envious. Living your life in the real not the virtual world can remind you that your writing career is about you, not about anyone else.
Not focus on writing only.
You should bear in mind that there are more things to your life than your writing career. Hopefully you have friends and family who love you. Spend some time with them. Do you have any hobbies that don’t involve writing, something you do it simply because it’s fun and relaxing? Do that for a while. Take a break for a few days and don’t feel guilty about it.
| A．Cut down on social media. |
| B．Pay no attention to others successes. |
| C．I write not for money, but for emotional reward. |
| D．Using blurbs make me feel satisfied and relieved. |
| E．And I look at them when I need an emotional lift as well. |
| F．Therefore, how can we learn to live with it and reduce its influence? |
| G．Contenting yourself mentally and emotionally in turn benefits your writing. |
5 . Real financial security and freedom is not in our job but in our passion. It’s easy to define and evaluate a man by his pursuit. Joseph Campbell once said, “Follow your dream and the universe will open doors where there are only walls.”
In life, we’ll always be found doing any of these two things: either making a living or making a difference. Pensions (养老金) and salaries stop many from pursuing excellence while passion unlocks hidden potentials that equip us for challenges and opportunities. A job helps us make a living while passion enables us to make a difference.
I want to sincerely help to adjust and clarify the misguided belief among workers that a job is a means of livelihood. Rather, it should be a means to fuel our passion. The earlier you realize this basic truth of life, the more clearly you’ll be able to position yourself in living a life of impact and value.
The success of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) shows how meaningful it is to pursue your passion instead of your pension. Its founder, Colonel Harland Sanders, didn’t realize this until he was given his first social security check of 105 dollars. But he decided that there surely was something to do for himself and other people instead of living on that small pension. He was determined to engage himself in what brought him impact and value. Drawing inspiration from his mother’s special recipe for fried chicken, he invented “finger-licking” seasoning with eleven spices and herbs. Despite much rejection, he managed to round up some investors and promote company’s rapid expansion to more than 6,000 locations. Sanders’ life pointed towards two facts about making a difference: one, there is no age that is too old to make a difference; two, there is nothing too small or insignificant to make a difference with, as long as it is your passion.
1. How does the author support his argument in Paragraph 2?| A．By listing examples. |
| B．By including a quote. |
| C．By showing contrast. |
| D．By sharing his experience. |
| A．Deeply moved. | B．Internally motivated. |
| C．Greatly relieved. | D．Pleasantly surprised. |
| A．Give career guidance. |
| B．Advise us to pursue our passion. |
| C．Persuade us to get a well-paid job. |
| D．Secure our position. |
| A．Following Your Dreams | B．Working for Pension |
| C．To Work or Not to Work? | D．Passion or Pension? |
6 . PRACTITIONERS
| Jacqueline Felice de Almania (c.1322) highlights the suspicion that women practicing medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where she worked as a physician and performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned from medicine. | James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed as a man, she was accepted by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced her entire medical profession living and working as a man. |
| Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinese physician who learned her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed the official exam. Tan treated women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing her life as a physician. | Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where she provided medical care to freed slaves. |
| A．Doing teaching jobs. | B．Being hired as physicians. |
| C．Performing surgery. | D．Being banned from medicine. |
| A．She wrote a book. | B．She went through trials. |
| C．She worked as a dentist. | D．She had formal education. |
| A．Jacqueline Felice de Almania. | B．Tan Yunxian. |
| C．James Barry. | D．Rebecca Lee Crumpler. |
7 . Useful Advice for New Graduates
With June approaching, here comes another graduation season. You are getting into the new places. Facing new challenges, you will be nervous and confused. Here are some rules for you.
Discover yourself
Consider this job a journey to learn about yourself.
Don’t hide from mistakes
Be honest.
Prepare for the future
Develop good time management habits early on. Your workload will only increase with time and so will your responsibilities.
Keep your own counsel
Don’t assume that a co-worker won’t repeat your criticisms of a colleague.
Speak when you walk into the office everyday. Say good morning to your boss and peers as you walk past their offices, smile at cleaners and receptionists in your office. Treating people with humanity and honesty is most important.
| A．Be ready when they do |
| B．Show gratitude to others |
| C．Not sure about something |
| D．Treat everyone with respect |
| E．The purpose is to grow as a human being |
| F．When asked how you feel about individuals in the office. |
| G．When a job you really want does not go smooth for you |
8 . Li Jianguo, a 49-year-old teacher at the Tianjin Vocational Institute, is set to be named as one of the “2022 most beautiful teachers” — an annual public award sponsored by the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the Ministry of Education.
Li has stood out by taking the lead in the training of students in vocational skills, gaining a number of honors including being named a national role model teacher. He has mentored seven national-level technique experts and a team of 14 technique “masters”. One of his students, Guo Jinpeng, who graduated from the institute in 2007, became a college teacher at the Chengdu Auto Vocational and Technical School and was named a national role model teacher in 2019.
Li’s nomination as one of the “most beautiful teachers” reflects that China is focusing on the importance of vocational education and aims to foster more leading personnel with the spirit of craftsmanship in the manufacturing industry.
At an international vocational and technical education conference in Tianjin last month, Li noted that there is no difference between vocational education and ordinary education, and “vocational education is not “secondary” nor should it ever be treated as less than ordinary education”. “Vocational education has the mission of fostering a quality workforce and technical experts for the country. The hardworking spirit is the key to building any ordinary people into leading personnel,” he said.
Li joined the institute in 1993 and later founded a machinery engineering practice center, providing free training to 7,500 people a week. In 2015, he led a team of teachers to work for 40 days to renovate 124 machine tools in the center. Li has devoted himself to building the country’s first additive manufacturing technique and application center at the institute to satisfy the thirst for the country’s human resources in 3D printing.
1. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?| A．China Sponsoring Annual Award for Teachers |
| B．China Aiming to Develop More Leading Personnel |
| C．Vocational Teacher to Be Awarded as “Most Beautiful Teachers” |
| D．Different Education Training Different Kinds of Students |
| A．To make a comparison with Li Jianguo. | B．To show the achievements of Li Jianguo. |
| C．To praise national-level technique experts. | D．To publicize national role model teachers. |
| A．It is a good way of winning awards. | B．It is not as good as ordinary education. |
| C．It should develop qualified and skilled talent. | D．It has nothing to do with hardworking spirit. |
| A．Boring. | B．Well-paid. | C．Difficult. | D．Creative. |
9 . If you begin a new job, it is important for you to make the right impression from the very first day. You will face new people. You will be in a new place. It may be difficult to know what to do.
●First impressions can last forever.
●
●Pay attention to introductions. One of the first things that your supervisor (主管) may do is to introduce you to co-workers.
●Never be the first one to leave. Observe what your co-workers do around quitting time (下班时间).
If you follow the suggestions above, you will make it through the first days at a new job.
| A．Get to work on time |
| B．Here are four suggestions for you |
| C．You should keep your promise |
| D．Try to work harder to have a rise |
| E．Be sure to make a good impression |
| F．These co-workers will be important to you |
| G．It doesn’t look good for you to be eager to leave |
10 . Firefighters are often called upon to do far more than fight fires. Often they are called to rescue people or animals that are trapped. When firefighters receive an emergency call,they have to decide quickly how serious the situation is and what equipment might be needed,such as the jaws of life. These call outs at times,however,may involve some very strange rescues.
There are many stories of firefighters being called to rescue animals trapped in strange places. For example,firefighters have been called to rescue a dog trapped in a wheelchair,a bull with its head stuck in a tree,and a chimp up a chimney. A bat was rescued from a lamppost,and a fox stuck in some mud was rescued too. A donkey that fell into a ditch took firefighters over five hours to winch out.
In many countries,the number of animal call outs is increasing. However,some people think that pet owners should be more responsible in watching their animals. If firefighters are rescuing animals,they are not available to attend other emergencies and people’s lives could be at risk.
Some people think firefighters shouldn’t be called firefighters for their not doing their business. While they do many different tasks,one is helping to free animals and people that are stuck. Some of these people get stuck because they are showing off,like a man stuck in a washing machine,or breaking the law,like a burglar stuck in a window. Maybe firefighters should just put out fires,but if not,then a new name for them would probably be a good idea.
1. Which of the following things do firefighters often do according to the text?| A．They repair cars. | B．They deliver goods. |
| C．They fight fires. | D．They rescue animals. |
| A．A firefighter’s role. |
| B．Strange animal rescues. |
| C．Rescue at a cost. |
| D．Renaming firefighters. |
| A．They have responsibilities to do a lot. |
| B．They are kind of unique. |
| C．A lot of time they are not putting out fires. |
| D．They are very busy with their jobs. |
| A．Strange Call Outs | B．A Special Group |
| C．Different Jobs | D．A New Name |
