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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新的研究发现,那些拥有大量朋友和出色社交技能的人,大脑的某些区域比朋友少的人更大,联系更紧密。

1 . Being a social butterfly just might change your brain: In people with a large network of friends and excellent social skills, certain brain regions are bigger and _______ connected than in people with fewer friends, a new study finds.

The research suggests a _______ between social interactions and brain structure. “We’re interested in how your brain is able to allow you to _______ the right way in complex social environments,” Mary Ann Noonan said, a neuroscientist (神经学家) at Oxford University. Studies in monkeys have shown that brain areas involved in face processing and in predicting the _______ of others are larger in animals living in large social groups than in ones living in smaller groups.

To investigate these brain _______ in humans, Noonan and her colleagues found 18 participants for a structural brain-imaging study. They asked people how many _______ they had experienced in the past month, in order to determine the size of their social networks. As was the case in monkeys, some brain areas were _______ and better connected in people with larger social networks. “These different brain regions are all singing _______ songs,” Noonan said. “ _______ areas are all singing the same song, and when they’re connected better, they’re singing more harmoniously with each other.”

The researchers also tested whether the size of a person’s social network was connected with ________ in white-matter pathways, the nerve fibers (纤维) that connect different brain regions. ________ , they found that white-matter pathways were better connected in people with bigger social networks. “The nerves were more like a Los Angeles freeway than a ________ road,” Noonan said.

The researchers couldn’t say whether social interaction ________ these changes in brain structure and connectivity, or whether the brain determined how social someone was. In the case of the monkeys, the researchers asked and wrote down the size of the animals’ social network, so they ________ that social-group size was causing the brain differences. It can be inferred that a similar process takes place in human brains, but to prove the ________ , long-term studies are needed, Noonan told Live Science.

1.
A.betterB.more directlyC.less closelyD.worse
2.
A.conflictB.similarityC.linkD.contrast
3.
A.tellB.showC.askD.find
4.
A.intentionsB.preferencesC.behaviorsD.habits
5.
A.structuresB.highlightsC.differencesD.origins
6.
A.academic difficultiesB.social interactionsC.personal problemsD.career advances
7.
A.removedB.adaptedC.replacedD.enlarged
8.
A.joyfulB.familiarC.inspirationalD.distinct
9.
A.NetworkedB.RemoteC.RespectiveD.Functional
10.
A.positionsB.changesC.rolesD.compositions
11.
A.HoweverB.AgainC.ThereforeD.Rather
12.
A.urbanB.smoothC.twistyD.country
13.
A.minimizedB.droveC.eliminatedD.demonstrated
14.
A.assumedB.rejectedC.concludedD.announced
15.
A.causalityB.feasibilityC.productivityD.effectiveness
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,一个人想要出人头地仅仅靠准时上班、勤奋工作、忙忙碌碌是不够的,人们还要学会推销自己。在文中作者提出了“office politics”,即在办公环境中要对别人友善、乐于助人、获得别人的喜欢,尤其是上司的青睐,当然这不同与阿谀奉承,溜须拍马。

2 . A is for always getting to work on time.

B is for being extremely busy.

C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的)way you do your job.

You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ________, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.

Dale Carnegie suggested many years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t ________ career advancement. You have to be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious ________ of engaging in office politics-a better job, a raise, praise-many people are still unable—or unwilling-to “play the game”.

“People take it for granted that office politics ________ some manipulative(工于心计的)behaviour,” says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. “ ________ politics originates from the word ‘polite’. It can mean lobbying(游说)and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something ________.”

In fact, today, experts ________ office politics as proper behaviour used to pursue one’s own self-interest in the workplace. In many ________, this involves some form of socializing within the office environment-not just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.

“The first thing people are usually ________ on is their ability to perform well on a regular basis,” says Neil P Lewis, a management psychologist. “But if two or three ________ are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably ________ ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. It’s simple human ________.”

Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. ________ people, they say, have an idealistic idea of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others ________ politics with flattery(奉承). They are fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they may ________ to be flattering their boss for favours.

Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.

1.
A.alongB.aheadC.acrossD.up
2.
A.suggestB.contributeC.foreseeD.ensure
3.
A.rewardsB.burdensC.reputationD.psychology
4.
A.intendsB.concludesC.involvesD.sacrifice
5.
A.SoB.ThenC.ButD.Though
6.
A.in generalB.by contrastC.for instanceD.in return
7.
A.defineB.extendC.motivateD.adapt
8.
A.evidencesB.casesC.officesD.surroundings
9.
A.reliedB.countedC.judgedD.instructed
10.
A.candidatesB.intervieweesC.employersD.champions
11.
A.normalB.academicC.naturalD.similar
12.
A.actionB.natureC.personalityD.potential
13.
A.FewB.AllC.NoD.Some
14.
A.isolateB.combineC.separateD.associate
15.
A.pretendB.agreeC.appearD.refuse
完形填空(约350词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:本文为一篇说明文,介绍了服装对于印象的影响及我们如何通过服装来处理在人际关系中的印象。

3 . Clothes play a critical part in the conclusions we reach by providing clues to who people are, who they are not, and who they would like to be. They tell us a good deal about the wearer’s background, personality, status, mood, and social outlook.

Since clothes are such an important source of social information, we can use them to _______ people’s impression of us. Our appearance _______ particular significance in the original phases of interaction that is likely to occur. An elderly middle - class man or woman may be alienated (疏远) by a young adult who is dressed in an unconventional manner, _______ the person’s education, background, or interests.

People tend to _______ what certain types of clothes mean. Adolescent girls can easily agree on the _______ of girls who wear certain outfits, including the number of boyfriends they likely have had and whether they drive or drink. Newscasters, or the announcers who read the news on TV, are considered to be more convincing, honest, and _______ when they are dressed conservatively. And college students who view themselves as taking an active role in their interpersonal relationships say they are concerned about the _______ they must wear to play these roles successfully. _______, many of us can relate instances in which the clothing we wore changed the way we felt about ourselves and how we acted. Perhaps you have used clothing to gain confidence when you _______ a stressful situation, such as a job interview, or a court appearance.

In the workplace, men have long had ________ dress code and role models for achieving success. It had been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world ________ the appropriate mixture of “masculine” and “feminine” (女性气质的) attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been more ________ than that available for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more ________ for managerial positions when the women display less “feminine” grooming - shorter hair, ________ use of make - up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, “An attractive women is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she won’t ________ the job.” We need a change in this regard.

1.
A.add toB.deal withC.set asideD.focus on
2.
A.assumesB.appreciatesC.minimizesD.assesses
3.
A.in terms ofB.because ofC.instead ofD.regardless of
4.
A.agree onB.count onC.negotiate aboutD.hesitate about
5.
A.specialtiesB.accomplishmentsC.charactersD.lifestyles
6.
A.comfortableB.competentC.sacredD.outgoing
7.
A.uniformsB.costumesC.glovesD.pajamas
8.
A.MoreoverB.HoweverC.ThereforeD.Otherwise
9.
A.imitatedB.resistedC.evaluatedD.anticipated
10.
A.long - lastingB.good - lookingC.light - heartedD.well - defined
11.
A.are uncertain aboutB.are distracted fromC.are keen onD.are ashamed of
12.
A.consistentB.fashionableC.diversifiedD.innovated
13.
A.criticallyB.casuallyC.favourablyD.honestly
14.
A.frequentB.concreteC.moderateD.heavy
15.
A.getB.spareC.surviveD.maintain
阅读理解-七选五(约270词) | 较难(0.4) |

4 . You will have an opportunity to meet your new neighbors after you move into the neighborhood. And getting to know your neighbors will help you feel like you're at home and settle into your new space.     1    

Careful observation.     2     Note those who seem to have kids» those who are elderly, those who seem to be always in the garden, or even those who only seem to come out at night. If you can find some common interest, this will make it much easier to approach the person.

    3     A great way to meet your new neighbors is to spend time outdoors, in your garden or by raking a walk around the block. You'll be surprised how easy it is to meet people when they approach you first. Make sure you spend time outside after work hours or on weekends.

What if you have nothing in common? No problem. There's absolutely nothing wrong with just walking up to the from door, and introducing yourself or inviting them to a small get-together. Let them know you just moved in and where you moved from. If that still feels uncomfortable, then ask about garbage pick-up or recycling centers in the neighborhood. Remember that you live on the same street, in the same neighborhood.     4    

Host a get-together. Though it might be the last thing you warn to do while you're still unpacking, hosting a casual get-together is a great way to meet your neighbors all at the same time.     5     Ask people to bring snacks or drinks or chairs or all three. Everyone knows you've just moved in and don't expect much, plus they'll want to help out.

A.Meet neighbors outdoors.
B.Spend more time walking.
C.Check out your neighborhood.
D.If the weather is nice, host it outside.
E.That's enough to start any conversation.
F.If they're interested, they'll say so or even invite you in.
G.The following suggestions do necessarily make it easier to do.
智能选题,一键自动生成优质试卷~
阅读理解-阅读单选(约230词) | 较难(0.4) |
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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一旦失去了信任,应该如何再次建立信任。

5 . Building Trust in a Relationship Again

Trust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.    1    Trust is a risk. But you can’t be successful when there’s a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.

Unfortunately, we’ve all been victims of betrayal. Whether we’ve been stolen from, lied to, misled, or cheated on, there are different levels of losing trust. Sometimes people simply can’t trust anymore.    2    It’s understandable, but if you’re willing to build trust in a relationship again, what can you do?    3    

●Learn to really trust yourself. Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being.

    4    If you’ve been betrayed, you are the victim of your circumstance. But there’s a difference between being a victim and living with a "victim mentality". At some point in all of our lives, we’ll have our trust tested or violated.

● You didn’t lose "everything". Once trust is lost, what is left? Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle, look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.    5     Instead, it’s a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.

A.It is putting confidence in someone.
B.Believe in yourself.
C.Here are some tips for you.
D.Stop regarding yourself as the victim.
E.They’ve been too badly hurt and they can’t bear to let it happen again.
F.Seeing the positive side of things doesn’t mean you’re ignoring what happened
G.This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.
2022-02-17更新 | 96次组卷 | 2卷引用:Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility Welcome to the unit & Reading课后练习题 2022-2023学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第四册
书面表达-读后续写 | 较难(0.4) |
6 . 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

I hit the back window of a new car with a hammer. In a flash I was in. I started the car, just like my older brother had taught me. I was 12 then. It seems crazy now. Today, everyone knows me as Donald Driver, a famous football player. I've dedicated(致力于) my life after football to helping disadvantaged kids around the country.

Mom would have killed me if she'd known what I was up to. My dad had gone to prison while she was pregnant with me. Mom wanted a better life for me, my two brothers and two sisters. She worked long hours to support us. But she often fell behind on rent and then we'd have to move. Trouble really started when we moved next door to a man named J. R. Mom trusted him to care us while she was at work, and he did. What Mom didn't know was that J.R. and his friends were thieves.

My older brother Moses and I served as look-outs(放哨人).We knew it was wrong, but the money was too good- $ 100 a night. We broke it into smaller bills, and regularly slipped some into Mom's purse. Then Moses discovered we could bring in even more cash by stealing cars. We practiced giving the same smile, hug and kiss for my mom when we came home, no matter what we'd done on the streets.

Now, though, I was about to get caught. The police got closer. I turned into a back alley. Suddenly, up ahead, a car backed out of a driveway. I saw a little old lady sitting in the driver's seat. But it, was too late. I stopped and jumped out to see if the old lady was damaged. The woman, Evelyn Johnson, looked angry, but unhurt. “Go sit in my house right now,” she said. It was the tone of voice that no kid can disobey. The police arrived and began to question the old woman.

“The man who did this ran that way,” she said, pointing down the alley.


注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

When the police drove off,


______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

I spent more time studying and football kept me busy too.


______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
阅读理解-阅读单选(约330词) | 较难(0.4) |
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7 . It is said that most people have not more than 30 friends at any given time, and 400 over the whole of their lives. However, on social networking sites, most users have about 150 friends. If these numbers are correct, then friendship means different things in different situations.

Also, there are no rules about friendship. There are no instructions about how to make friends, how to keep friendships going, and how to finish friendships if we want to move on. People have very different opinions about this: some people would die for their friends and they value them more than family. Others say that friends are temporary, only there to help each other until they are no longer needed. If people with such different views become friends, this can lead to problems.

Because of these different definitions of friendship, it is easy to be unhappy about our friendships. We may want them to be deeper or closer, or we may want to have more friends in our lives. Sometimes we simply do not have the time to develop our friendships, or we fear we have left it too late in life to start. If we move to another country or city, we have to find ways to make new friends again.

This dissatisfaction shows us how important friendships are for most of us. We should not think that it could be too late to build friendships. We also need to understand that the need to be around other people is one that is shared by many. Therefore, we should not be too frightened about starting to talk to people who in the future may become our friends: it is likely that they too would like to get closer to us. Remember what people say: strangers are friends we have not met yet.

1. In Para.1, the numbers are used to _______.
A.show the ways of making friends
B.introduce the topic
C.explain the reason
D.persuade readers to make more friends
2. What is the main idea of Para. 2?
A.There is a rule about making friends.
B.People with different views can become friends.
C.Friendships mean different things to different people.
D.Some people would die for their friends if they need to.
3. According to Para.3, sometimes people are afraid that _______.
A.they spend too much money with friends
B.they are too old to make friends
C.they have too many friends
D.they spend too much time with friends
4. We can learn from the passage that most of us _______.
A.need to have friendsB.build friendships late in life
C.are dissatisfied with our friendsD.are frightened to talk to people
5. What is the author’s attitude towards talking to a stranger?
A.Uninterested.B.Cautious.
C.Doubtful.D.Positive.

8 . I guess a boss must be pleased to hear that his employees are sorry to hear he's leaving and that they respected him and appreciated the job he'd done. Cards and e-mails are great, but maybe it's just ________ heartwarming to know that kind words are being said ________ "behind your back".

I like to do the ________ for my students. Of course I give them my own compliments, but I love to let them know when other adults have noticed their good behavior and attitudes. I want them to know that we aren't spending our lunch and meeting times ________ about them all the time! I want them to know that we often express our pleasure in working with this ________ group of kids, and I want them to know why!

I ________ myself when someone finds how my teenage grandchildren are turning into such fine young people. Then it's absolutely necessary to let them know it too! I want them to know that people notice them, and that it ________ when what they notice is good and praiseworthy.

I've known, from the other side, how much this can ________ . I often lack confidence in my own abilities as a teacher, so it gave me quite a ________ when a friend who works with families in the community mentioned that he has heard several times from parents how glad they are to have their kids in my class. It just feels more important ________ to have the words said by people who don't know I'll ever hear-when they can be totally honest. Great to hear it and great to ________ !

Sure, it's pleasant when we can say nice things about other people. It feels good! And I think it's a ________ compliment for people to know of the times when others are saying nice things even ________ ear shot.

Watch for your next opportunity to be the ________ ! Make sure to tell them about the nice things being said behind their backs! Because how will they know ________ we tell them?

1.
A.tooB.quiteC.extraD.rather
2.
A.evenB.alreadyC.slightlyD.ever
3.
A.restB.sameC.otherD.last
4.
A.chattingB.complainingC.blamingD.arguing
5.
A.importantB.particularC.excellentD.active
6.
A.understandB.thankC.showD.distinguish
7.
A.considersB.mattersC.mindsD.depends
8.
A.meanB.playC.markD.perform
9.
A.evidenceB.giftC.liftD.answer
10.
A.somehowB.stillC.otherwiseD.therefore
11.
A.rememberB.appreciateC.enjoyD.share
12.
A.relativeB.comparableC.specialD.complete
13.
A.because ofB.out ofC.withinD.without
14.
A.reminderB.reporterC.readerD.carrier
15.
A.thoughB.onceC.ifD.unless
2022-01-14更新 | 116次组卷 | 3卷引用:外研版2019 必修三 Unit 1 单元测评
20-21高二上·浙江·期中
书面表达-概要写作 | 较难(0.4) |
9 . 阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

With busy life, it can be hard to find time to volunteer.However, volunteering brings you lots of benefits.The more you volunteer, the more benefits you will gain.Of course, volunteering does not have to involve a long-term commitment or take a huge amount of time out of your busy days.Giving in simple ways can not only help those in need but also improve your health all happiness.

One of the better-known benefits of volunteering is that it allows you to connect to your community, boast your social skills and make it a better place.Even helping out with the smallest tasks can make a real difference to the lives of people, animals and organizations in need.And volunteering is a two-way street: It can benefit you and your family as much as the others you choose to help.

Volunteering provides many benefits to both mental and physical health.Almost everyone has to fight against stress, anger and anxiety.The social contact aspect of helping and working with others can have a profound effect on your overall psychological well-being.Nothing relieves stress better than a meaningful connection to another person.Working with pest and other animal has also been shown to improve mood and reduce stress and anxiety.

Volunteering can also advance your career.If you are considering a new career, volunteering can help you get experience in your area of interest and meet people in the field.Even if you are not planning on changing careers, volunteering gives you the opportunity to practice important skills used in the workplace, such as teamwork, communication, problem solving, project planning, task management and organization.You might feel more comfortable stretching your wings at work once you have developed these skills in a volunteer position first.

2020-11-27更新 | 89次组卷 | 4卷引用:人教版2019选择性必修四 Unit 4 Section B 课后
阅读理解-七选五(约230词) | 较难(0.4) |
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10 . How to Level up Your Self-Control

By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.    1    --we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily.

    2    ?

Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle. For example, exhibiting self-control over spending time on video games and social media, two of the most common temptations(诱惑)of the current era, means battling against age-old mechanisms in your brain.

If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on.

    3    To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance.

The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.    4    .

Finally, Duckworth advises laying a foundation of self-control that you can build of in the future.    5    because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning. By practicing healthier living away from the workplace, you can gather the strength and stamina(毅力)to help you control your worst urges when it matters most.

A.One place to start would be the office
B.What problems do you need to work on
C.We've all experienced unproductive workdays
D.But for many of us, short-term satisfactions are irresistible
E.Why is exercising proper self-control so tricky for some, and how to do better
F.If you can resist resigning you may achieve more on your overall self-control
G.Removing the temptation from sight is key to ensuring you're faithful to your mission
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