1 . Sunstroke is a condition that can quickly go from dangerous to deadly, especially if proper care isn’t given immediately.
Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe limit. This causes the body’s necessary functions to stop working.
It’s usually pretty easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person’s body to a safe temperature. Here are a few tips to help treat sunstroke.
Call for help
Call to get an ambulance as quickly as possible. This should be the first thing you do, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒)。Also, call for help from anyone nearby if you’re in a public place. If there’s no one around, call someone nearby if they can get there sooner than an ambulance. Ask everyone to bring you as much water as possible, if there isn’t much nearby.
Get the person to a cooler area
If there’s a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If a building isn’t available, bring the person to a well-shaded area.
Get the water flowing
If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there’s a bathtub available, fill it with cool water and put the person in it.
If your water supply is limited, you have to save it. Dampen a towel or shirt and put it on the person’s body. Focus on the face, neck, and chest.
Fan the person
Getting moving air over the person cools him or her down. Use anything, a towel or sheet, a shirt, your hands, or a piece of board. This is where having many people around really helps, as they can combine to fan the entire body.
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the text?| A．Call for assistance from others. |
| B．Leave the sunstroke person in the shade. |
| C．Put a wet towel on the person’s face. |
| D．Help the person take some medicine. |
| A．When the body doesn’t function. |
| B．When proper care is given immediately. |
| C．When someone is exposed to the sun too long. |
| D．When the body temperature goes up beyond what one can bear. |
| A．guidebook | B．book review |
| C．medical magazine | D．official document |
2 . Health chiefs are to use artificial intelligence to screen and treat people at risk of hepatitis C (丙型肝炎) under plans to wipe out the life-threatening disease by 2030.
The National Health Service (NHS) scheme, due to start within weeks in England, aims to identify thousands of patients unaware that they have the virus so that treatment can be given before it is too late. Staff will use AI to comb through patient health records and look for significant risk factors, such as historical blood transfusions (输血) or an HIV diagnosis. Hepatitis C often has no noticeable symptoms until the liver is severely damaged, which means the infected party may not know they are living with a potential killer. It can be cured with modern treatments.
Anyone identified by the AI software will be invited for a consultation by their doctors and, if necessary, will experience further screening for hepatitis C. Patients who test positive for the virus — which can be caught from contact with the blood of an infected person, such as by sharing a needle — will be offered antiviral medicines after NHS England struck a deal with three drug companies. Professor Graham Foster, the national clinical chairman for NHS England’s hepatitis C elimination (消灭) programmes, described the scheme as “a significant step forward” in the fight to eliminate the virus.
Hepatitis C deaths fell by 35 percent in the five years to 2020, from 482 to 314, according to the latest data from the UK Health Security Agency. The fall in deaths was thanks to earlier detection of the virus and improved access to treatments, health experts said.
NHS staff will also visit at-risk communities in specially equipped vans (货车), to test for the virus and carry out liver health checks, in a bid to wipe out the virus in England before the 2030 goal set by the World Health Organization.
1. What is the purpose of the NHS scheme?| A．To make the most of artificial intelligence. |
| B．To record the blood transfusions in the history. |
| C．To diagnose the patients with serious unnoticeable symptoms. |
| D．To pick out the potential patients to provide timely treatments. |
| A．NHS scheme can be helpful in removing the hepatitis C virus. |
| B．Hepatitis C can be spread through contact with blood of patients. |
| C．All the patients have to be re-examined again for the hepatitis C. |
| D．Related consulting service will be arranged by the doctor for free. |
| A．Because the related figure was updated on time. |
| B．Because the liver healthy check-ups were scheduled. |
| C．Because the virus was discovered earlier and better treatments were available. |
| D．Because the virus was tested in advance and communities were well-equipped. |
| A．Hepatitis C is a life-threatening disease. |
| B．Hepatitis C deaths in the UK have declined. |
| C．NHS scheme helps to kill the hepatitis C virus. |
| D．AI is a new weapon against deadly hepatitis C. |
