1 . 语法填空

Chris is not a traditional explorer — he usually     1    (work) in an office for a large organization. However, Chris’ job can be just     2     exciting and dangerous as an explorer’s.

Chris is a doctor from France and he works for MSF,     3     is also known as Doctors Without Borders. MSF sends its doctors all over the world     4    (help) people after a war or a disaster. The organization was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999.

At the moment, there are over 30,000 trained doctors taking part in MSF projects and tasks. Every year, more than 3,000 international doctors will join     5    (they) to provide medical help around the world. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be     6    (prepare) to go almost anywhere and, of course, they should expect difficult conditions.

When MSF accepts a doctor for a task, he has to devote himself     7    (entire) to work for at least six months.

When     8    (ask) why he left a comfortable life and a good salary to join MSF, Chris said, “ From the experience I gain     9     great help in my career. More importantly, it is great to know at the end of each task that I have made a real     10    (different) to people’s lives.”

2 . Flu vaccines (疫苗) work by arming the immune system with an enhanced ability to recognize and fight off the flu virus.Vaccines introduce proteins found on the surface of fu viruses，causing the immune system to produce antibodies that are ready to react when the virus attack.

However, flu viruses change frequently and can differ with time and from region to region.Even though current vaccines that people get annually produce antibody responses, these antibodies don‘t cross-protect. If thereis a new flu strain (流感病毒毒株) not found in that year’s vaccine, the antibodies that we generated last year won’t be able to protect us. So the pandemic(大流行) happens.On the other hand, if the vaccine matches the virus strain, the immune system will produce antibodies and kill the flu virus.

Luckily, in a study published in Cell Reports Medicine,scientists at the University of Wisconsin-Madisondescribe a T-cell-based vaccine strategy that is effective against multiple strains of flu virus. The experimental vaccine, given through the nose, delivered long-lasting protection in the lungs of mice by using T-cels, which are special white blood cells that quickly remove viral invaders through an immune response.

The research suggests a potential strategy for developing a universal flu vaccine, "so you don’t have to make a new vaccine every year," explains Marulalsiddappa Suresh, a professor in the School of Veterinary Medicinewho led the research. The current flu vaccine has a serious weakness. Because each vaccine is only designed to resist one kind of virus strain. Once the virus changes, it could lead to a wide outbreak of flu.

By using T-cell immunity against multiple strains,it may be possible to develop a vaccine that is effective against a number of circulating flu viruses. In particular,the new approach calls into action tissue-residentmemory T-cells, or TRM cells，which live in the airways and lining of lung epithelial (表膜的) cells and fightinvading viruses. Like highly-trained soldiers，TRM cells serve as front line defense against infection. This undoubtedly gives a totally new way to fight the flu virus.

1. Why do flu pandemics break out occasionally even if vaccines are given?

A．Because vaccines lose their expected effects.

B．Because the flu strains reproduce very quickly.

C．Because the strains have resistance to vaccines.

D．Because vaccines don't work against new strains.

2. What do you know about T-cells from the third paragraph?

A．They are in charge of generating viruses.

B．They can protect white blood cells very well.

C．They kill viral invaders automatically.

D．They can generate white blood cells.

3. What positive effect does the research strategy have on fighting against flu?

A．It will fundamentally stop the formation of new cold viruses.

B．It will cut off the ability of the flu virus to spread.

C．It points out the direction of developing a universal flu vaccine.

D．It enables humans to get rid of the common cold completely.

4. What is the best title for the text?

A．New Vaccine Strategy to Provide Protection Against Flu

B．New Immune System Intended for Fighting the Flu

C．New "Vaccine Based on T-cells Successfully Kills the Flu Virus

D．Serious Weakness of the Current Flu Vaccine Found

3 . An aircraft carrying personal protective equipment donated by China, along with U.S.-purchased medical supplies, arrived in New York on March 29.

The plane is the first in a series of flights over the next 30 days organized by the White House to help fight the coronavirus, the White House said. Most of the purchases are from Asia including Malaysia and Vietnam.

The Chinese Embassy in the U.S. retweeted a report from Axios, which said that 12 million gloves, 130,000 N-95 masks, 1.7 million surgical masks, 50,000 gowns, 130,000 hand sanitizer units, and 36,000 thermometers from China have arrived in the United States.

Along with the goods, Chinese company Huawei donated 10,000 masks, 20,000 articles of protective clothing, 10,000 gloves and 50,000 goggles to New York state.

Governor Andrew Cuomo confirmed the donation and thanked Huawei on Twitter.

The plane was funded by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. It landed at John F. Kennedy airport carrying gloves, gowns and masks for distribution in New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, three hard-hit states battling to care for a crush of coronavirus patients.

The airlift is a product of a team led by White House senior adviser Jared Kushner, which formed "Project Airbridge," a partnership between large U.S. healthcare distributors such as Mekesson Corp, Cardinal, Owens & Minor, Medline and Henry Schein Inc, and the federal government.

The flight from Shanghai was the first of about 20 flights to arrive between now and early April, according to the White House. Additional flights will carry similar gear from China, Malaysia and Vietnam.

1. From the passage we know that ________.

A．all goods on the plane are donated by China

B．all goods on the plane are purchased from China

C．all goods on the plane are donated by Huawei

D．some of the goods on the plane are from donation while others are purchased from Asia

2. Which is not the hard-hit state battling to treat coronavirus patients?

A．New York.	B．New Jersey.
C．California.	D．Connecticut.

3. What does the underlined word "gear" mean in the last paragraph?

A．Protective equipment and medical supplies.

B．Parts of the machine.

C．Medicine.

D．Food.

4. Where do you think passage is most probably taken from？

A．A textbook.	B．A collection of stories.
C．A guide book.	D．An official report.

4 . Who is the man possibly talking to?

A．A doctor.

B．A teacher.

C．His mother.

5 . People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take over the counter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies(治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it.

So why do people sometimes believe that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so it's easy to believe it's medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported.

It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw(拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough.

The two cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus(鼻病毒) A and B. But they didn't find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used against rhinovirus C.

''This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses,'' study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of Wiscons in Madison, US, told Science Daily.

Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built a highly detailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses.

With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that don't really work.

1. What does the author think of popular remedies for a common cold?

A．They are quite effective.	B．They are slightly helpful.
C．They actually have no effect.	D．They still need to be improved.

2. How do antiviral drugs work?

A．By breaking up cold viruses directly.

B．By changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.

C．By preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.

D．By absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time.

3. What can we infer from the passage?

A．The surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.

B．Scientists have already found a cure for the common cold.

C．Scientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.

D．Knowing the structure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.

4. What is the best title for this passage?

A．Drugs against cold viruses	B．Helpful home remedies
C．No current cure for common cold	D．Research on cold viruses

6 . Robots are often cast in popular science fiction as the bad characters that take over the world and enslave mankind. But with the beginning of some serious diseases, robots are increasingly being employed as helpers, taking on often dull, difficult and dangerous tasks and thus reducing humans' exposure to some terrifying virus.

In the United States, two of the main ways in which robotic technology is being used in the hospitals are to disinfect(消毒）hospital rooms and act as a telemedicine portal, allowing doctors and health care workers to communicate via video conference directly with patients without unnecessarily exposing themselves to those highly infectious virus.

In Boston, doctors, researchers and robotics engineers have teamed up to bring a friendly, dog-like, four-legged robot named Spot into Brigham and Women' s Hospital, allowing doctors to communicate with patients via telemedicine.

In March, at the start of the pandemic, a league from hospital, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Spot's manufacturer-Boston Dynamnics, began testing the robot's design to enable Spot to communicate with patients, thus reducing the exposure of frontline health care workers to the virus. In the place of a head, Spot has an iPad affixed to a stand, allowing doctors to conduct telemedicine services with their patients.

“Most people actually really like it,” says Dr. Peter Chai, an emergency medicine physician who serves as the hospital's chief researcher on the robot project.

Researchers are working to increase the robot's diagnostic abilities, enabling it to measure the patients temperature and his or her respiratory rate (呼吸率）.

Chai predicts that hospitals will continue to find more ways to use robots, and tie wonders whether robots can deliver supplies to rooms or see patients with other infectious diseases

1. What words can best describe the jobs robots are employed to do?

A．Normal and easy.	B．Exciting and dangerous.
C．Dirty and complex.	D．Frightening and difficult.

2. Why are robots being used in American hospitals?

A．To save money.	B．To replace doctors.
C．To protect doctors from infecting virus.	D．To deliver supplies to patients and doctors.

3. What do we know about Spot?

A．It is a friendly dog.

B．It can deliver supplies to hospital rooms.

C．It can help adjust the patient's temperature.

D．It allows doctors to conduct telemedicine services.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Spot the Robot Dog

B．Train Robot Doctors

C．Robots Being Used in Hospital

D．Robots in Popular Science Fiction

7 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

People are wearing face masks to reduce the risk of infection. It’s a simple but effective method for us to protect    1    (we) from harmful things. In fact, masks have been helping mankind    2    centuries.

In the first century, workers in mines used bladder (膀胱) skins to stop dust from being taken in. This idea    3    (consider) the first recorded mask invention then. In 1848, Lewis patented a protective mask for miners,     4    was a milestone in face mask history. In 1897, Johann designed a mask    5    (compose) of one layer of gauze (纱布),and it was the    6    (origin) surgical mask.

In 1910, a disease broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a cheap face mask called “Wu’s mask”. Since then,the materials in masks    7    (continue) to develop for protection. In 2012 when China suffered from smog, mask    8    (model) such as N95 and KN90, which can filter(过滤)out particulate (微粒) matter, became    9    (increase) popular. In 2020, masks are    10    daily necessity in our life, and hopefully the habits of humans will improve constantly.

8 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

When people     1     (face) with health or nutrition questions, it is     2     (increasing) common to go online and diagnose themselves. But the Internet is full of conflicting health warnings with no regulation to remove the wrong advice, some of     3     is extremely dangerous! Also, search engines rank results by     4     (popular) rather than accuracy, so solid facts can be tricky to find. It is worth     5     (check) whether the writer of an online piece is properly qualified as     6     expert. Anyone can call     7     (they) a “diet expert”, “nutritionist” and even a “doctor”-given it could refer to qualifications like a PhD. But remember, only officially     8     (recognize) practicing doctors as well as dietitians have degrees in giving medical suggestions. So if you are unsure and still wandering if the chocolate diet really     9     (do) work or not, then it pays to make an appointment with your dietician or doctor. Look in the right place,     10     you can find the truth that is out there.

9 . 阅读下列各句，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）和括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays when     1    (face) with health or nutrition (营养) questions, people     2    (probable) turn to the Internet for diagnosis. But     3    they get online may be some wrong advice and some conflicting health warnings, some of     4    are extremely dangerous! In addition, search engines show clicking rates     5    looking into popularity rather than accuracy(准确). So solid facts can not be easy to find. It is well worth    6    (check) whether the writer of an online piece of advice is qualified as an expert. After all, anyone can call themselves     7     diet expert, and even a doctor. But remember, only officially recognized practicing doctors and dietitians (营养学家) have rights to give medical     8    (suggest). So if you are unsure and still wondering if the chocolate diet really     9    (do) work or not, you’d better pay to make an appointment with your dietitians or doctor. Go to the right place,     10    you can not find the truth there waiting to be seen.

10 .

Some important dates in China’s fighting Covid-19 before May 7,2020
Jan 20, 2020~ Feb 20,2020	Jan 23: Wuhan declared temporary outbound (向外的) traffic restrictions. Jan 24: National medical teams began to be sent to Hubei and wuhan. Jan 27: The Central Steering (指导) Group arrived in Wuhan. Feb 18: The daily number of newly cured and discharged (出院) patients exceeded that of the newly confirmed cases.
Feb 21, 2020~ Mar 17,2020	Feb 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to lower their public health emergency response level. Feb 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing. Mar 11-17: The epidemic (流行病) peak had passed in China as a whole.
Mar 18,2020 ~Apr 28,2020	Apr1: Chinese customs began NAT (核酸检测) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry. Apr 8: Wuhan lifted outbound traffic restrictions. Apr 26: The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.
Apr 29, 2020~ May 7,2020	Apr 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. May 7: The State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.

1. What happened between January 20 and February 20?

A．The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan.

B．The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference.

C．The last Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged from hospital.

D．Beijing lowered its emergency response level.

2. From which date were private cars allowed to go out of Wuhan?

A．January 23.

B．March 11.

C．April 8.

D．May 7.