1 . With low or no-carbohydrate diets rising in popularity in recent times, the potato is now regularly overlooked in favour of other vegetables. In fact, research literature has previously indicated potatoes may have a detrimental effect on health, such as increasing the possibility of developing Type2 diabetes(糖尿病).

However, new research done by Edith Cowan University (ECU) has shown while potatoes may not have all the same benefits as some other vegetables, such as lowering risk of Type 2 diabetes, health issues associated with potatoes may actually be due to how people are preparing them and what they’re eating them with.

A recent analysis of this study led by Dr Nicola Bondonno from ECU’s Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute found people who consumed the most vegetables were 21 percent less likely to develop Type 2 diabetes than those who consumed the least amount of vegetables. PhD candidate Pratik Pokharel carried out work on the analysis and said while potatoes didn’t have the same impact on Type 2 diabetes, they also didn’t have any negative effect.

“In Denmark, people consume potatoes prepared in many different ways. In our study, we could distinguish between the different preparation methods. When we separated boiled potatoes from mashed potatoes(土豆泥), fries or crisps, boiled potatoes were no longer associated with a higher risk of diabetes: They had a zero effect,” said Pokharel.

“In our study, people who ate the most potatoes also consumed more butter, red meat and soft drinks-foods known to increase your risk of Type 2 diabetes,” said Pokharel. “We should separate potatoes from other vegetables in regard to messaging about disease prevention but replacing refined grains such as white rice and pasta(意大利面食)with potatoes can improve your diet quality because of fibre and other nutrients found in potatoes.”

1. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 1 mean?

A．Magical.

B．Protective.

C．Fantastic.

D．Negative.

2. What may contribute to the bad reputation of potatoes according to ECU’s research?

A．The effects they have caused.	B．The ways they are consumed.
C．The places where they are planted.	D．The results previous studies have shown.

3. Which of the following have little effect on Type 2 diabetes?

A．Fries.

B．Crisps.

C．Boiled potatoes.

D．Mashed potatoes.

4. What is Pokharel’s attitude towards potatoes?

A．Critical.

B．Opposed.

C．Indifferent.

D．Objective.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

My mother is crazy about Sichuan hotpot, which reminds her     1     lots of sweet memories. I like nothing     2     (good) than Sichuan hot pot. My father is a British. After many years of marriage to my mother, he still dare not     3     (try) Sichuan hot pot. Dad can cook a typical Sunday roast. The whole family are     4     (addict) to it. However, mum suggests that I     5     (not eat) too much as it may make us suffer from heat inside our bodies.

3 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Hospital Food — The Best Medicine

Few sick people consider the quality of the food when choosing a hospital. That is perhaps just as well. Even in America, a country where private hospitals have long provided individual rooms with such comforts as personal cable television, patients are often still fed institutional food “Mystery meat” and     1     (process) cheese slices are common.     2     gets cooked in a microwave. Many of country’s biggest hospitals get their food from the likes of Ara-mark, a giant global caterer that also provides meals to schools and prisons.

More hospitals are starting to feed their patients better food. Inter-mountain, a nonprofit group based in Utah that runs 32 hospitals across the Mountain West, has since 2019 served freshly made meals to patients. Chefs in proper kitchens now source local ingredients to serve in cafeterias. Doctors are consulted to meet patients’ dietary needs. Christopher Delissio, the head chef at Inter-mountain, describes     3     (create) a meal for a Mexican child who was being treated for cancer. “He     4     not eat, mumbling the food was tasteless,” Mr Delissio recalls, and that was making it harder for him to recover from chemotherapy. “I was able to go up on the floor, speak to this boy’s parents and him and kind of     5     (figure) out what he wanted,” he says.

The link between eating well and good health has long been clear, says David Eisenberg, a nutrition specialist at the Harvard School of Public Health. Heart disease, which has a direct connection to diet, is America’s     6     (big) killer. Roughly two-fifths of American adults are clinically obese, and over 14% suffer from diabetes. The right food can help patients avoid going back to hospital. Yet doctors     7     have often been slow to re-cognise the need to encourage healthy eating, says Dr Eisenberg. Most health care remains curative,     8     preventive. Medical schools still rarely teach much about nutrition.

A decade ago Henry Ford Hospital in West Bloomfield, outside Detroit, opened a teaching kitchen     9     staff could help patients plan affordable, healthy meals and learn how to cook them. The idea is now spreading widely. In October a conference for health and food professionals in Los Angeles will encourage the adoption of such kitchens. Participants will tour a new one that has just opened at UCLA’s hospital.

Challenges remain. Doctors do not get paid more     10    , owing to healthier eating, patients no longer need treatment. But at least, says Dr Eisenberg, insurers are starting to balk at the expense associated with chronically sick patients.

4 . Can energy drinks really make you energetic? A survey, by Cancer Council Australia among more than 9000 students across the country, found teenagers who were bitten by the energy drinks bug and drank energy drinks at least once a day were twice as likely to get less than eight hours’ sleep on school night than those who didn’t.

The same survey found one in six teenagers take in at least 5.2kg of sugar each year from sugary drinks alone. “This can lead to weight gain and obesity, increasing the risk of heart and kidney disease, type2 diabetes, stroke and some cancers,” Mr Sinclair said, who led the survey. Craig Sinclair, head of Rethink Sugary Drink, said the levels of sugar in energy drinks are very high, causing teenagers to put on weight.

The survey also found the caffeine (咖啡因) levels of the drinks is also high and this could explain the survey results on their effect on teenage sleep. Energy drinks contain 160mg of caffeine, more than twice as much as a cup of coffee or a 500ml bottle of cola, Mr Sinclair said. The Sleep Health Foundation says teenagers need 8-10 hours of sleep, more than an adult, because their bodies and cognition are growing rapidly. Sleep is important for teen mental health and the US Sleep Foundation says shortage of sleep can contribute to acne, bad behaviour and unhealthy eating habits. Associate Professor Matthew Hopcraft from the Australian Dental Association Victoria said energy drinks are also a major contributing factor to tooth decay and tooth erosion.

Royal Prince Alfred Hospital heart doctor Professor Chris Semsarian has tested the effects of energy drinks on the heart and said they can lead to an increased heart rate and irregular heart beat. “Caffeine is not the only stimulant (兴奋剂) part of these drinks, most also have guarana which is also a stimulant,” he said. Energy drinks have been related to scores of deaths around the world because of their high caffeine content.

1. What does the underlined phrase “bitten by the energy drink bug”?

A．Tired of energy drinks.	B．Equipped with energy drinks.
C．Fascinated by energy drinks.	D．Attacked by an insect in energy drinks.

2. According to the survey, what caused teenagers fond of drinking energy drinks not to sleep enough?

A．The high levels of caffeine.	B．The high levels of sugar.
C．The high levels of alcohol.	D．The shortage of exercise.

3. What effects do energy drinks have on the heart, according to Professor Chris Semsarian?

A．They can bring about decreased heart rate.

B．They can result in blood pressure rising.

C．They can lead to heart stopping working.

D．They can contribute to heart beating irregularly.

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A．Energy Drinks’ Functions	B．Energy Drinks’ Harmful Effects
C．Energy Drinks’ Effect on Sleep	D．Different Opinions of Energy Drinks

5 . Many people who want to lose weight often choose to go on a diet. But is this really the best way? With celebrities (名人) speaking about new diets that have helped them become slim (苗条的) in advertisements (广告), more and more people are turning to dieting. Some shops begin to sell diet products such as diet milkshakes, snack bars and even diet pills. However, such popular products and diets are often found to be extremely unhealthy.

Most of these popular diets work by cutting down on a certain nutrient (营养素) from your food intake (摄入量). For example, some diets work by cutting down on carbohydrates (碳水化合物). This means the body must use its fat reserves for energy. This might help you lose weight. However, by cutting a particular food group out of your diet, you are starving your body of a nutrient that it needs, which could leave you feeling weak, tired or even bad-tempered. Besides, these diets are often unsuccessful in the long run.

Generally, one of the most effective ways of losing weight is to cut down on calories. The recommended (推荐的) calorie intake for an adult male is 2,500. If a man consumes more than 2,500 calories each day, then he is likely to gain weight. However, if he consumes less, then he is likely to lose weight.

In fact, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals all play an important role in staying healthy, which is why they all should be included in your meals. Of course, some foods can be eaten in moderation (节制) as an occasional snack. For example, a bar of chocolate every once in a while won't cause you any problems.

So, instead of spending money on popular diet pills or special weight loss foods, try to eat healthy balanced meals containing foods from all food groups. So, next time your friends tell you that they are going on a diet, tell them that eating a healthy balanced diet is a much better choice.

1. What is the author's opinion about the popular diets mentioned in the passage?

A．They are useful for losing weight.

B．They are welcomed by celebrities.

C．They are not as healthy as people think.

D．They are replacing people's everyday meals.

2. What is the author's attitude towards the popular diet pills?

A．Curious.	B．Unfavorable.
C．Unconcerned.	D．Supportive.

3. How can we lose weight effectively according to the author?

A．By having diet pills.	B．By following a strict diet.
C．By taking regular exercise.	D．By reducing calorie intake.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Diet products should be limited.

B．Snacking is a big no-no for health.

C．Keeping a diet with various nutrients is ideal.

D．Going on a diet should be stopped immediately.

6 . Eating fruits and vegetables is part of keeping a healthy diet. Health experts ______ people should eat five servings of fruits and vegetables a day. A(n) ______ way to remember this is to try to eat each color of the rainbow (彩虹) ______. This is because different colored fruits and vegetables contain different vitamins and minerals. ______ you eat one of each color each day, you are sure to ______ the necessary nutrition your body needs.

______ fruits and vegetables is good for the heart. There are many delicious ______ in this group. Have an apple with lunch. You can ______ have a red pepper for a hot tasty small meal. ______ some tomatoes and put them on your sandwich. Or ______ you can have strawberries after dinner. When you ______ red, your heart works better.

Orange and yellow fruits and vegetables contain vitamin C. Vitamin C helps the ______ protect itself against disease. In this way it helps your body stay in good health. ______, these wonderful foods are good for your sight. So it is a great ______   to have a glass of orange juice with breakfast. Then put some peaches in your lunchbox. Are you afraid of catching a cold? ______ that from happening by eating a juicy tangerine (a type of small sweet orange).

Green fruits and vegetables have long been widely known as healthy foods. ______, they are especially good for keeping teeth and bones strong. When you eat green, your smile will thank you! Your bones will thank you too!

Blue and purple fruits and vegetables are useful to the ______. They help with memory. Put blueberries in your bowl. You can easily ______ where you put your keys!

Eating the rainbow is an easy way to ______ yourself. So make your eating habits a little more ______!

1.

A．forget

B．suggest

C．expect

D．doubt

2.

A．useful

B．difficult

C．old

D．strange

3.

A．safely

B．directly

C．slowly

D．daily

4.

A．Until

B．Unless

C．If

D．Although

5.

A．receive

B．know

C．share

D．discover

6.

A．Orange

B．Green

C．Blue

D．Red

7.

A．vegetables

B．smells

C．choices

D．drinks

8.

A．again

B．also

C．yet

D．only

9.

A．Taste

B．Grow

C．Pick

D．Cut

10.

A．perhaps

B．nearly

C．rather

D．finally

11.

A．eat

B．find

C．see

D．turn

12.

A．heart

B．body

C．head

D．mouth

13.

A．Instead

B．However

C．Besides

D．Next

14.

A．habit

B．dream

C．chance

D．fact

15.

A．Treat

B．Test

C．Enjoy

D．Prevent

16.

A．On purpose

B．As usual

C．In fact

D．At last

17.

A．brain

B．nose

C．teeth

D．bones

18.

A．prove

B．remember

C．describe

D．explain

19.

A．rely on

B．believe in

C．learn from

D．care for

20.

A．social

B．formal

C．colorful

D．personal

7 . Reasons you're not losing weight

Trying to get rid of the pounds but find it useless? A report found that 38 percent of adults in England are obese and 46 percent are overweight. So, why do we find it so hard?    1    

•Your portion sizes are too big.

Portion sizes have expanded over history. Sixty years ago food was more expensive and more scarce and portions were smaller.    2    Thus, controlling your portion sizes by weighing foods helps you to keep the weight off.

•You're not sleeping enough.

When dieters have less sleep over a period of time, they long for sugary or high calorie snacks to "wake up". However, it's not the whole story.    3    Because of this, you will hang on to fat.

•You're disorganized with the three meals.

Breakfast is "the most important meal of the day" yet more than half of Britons skip it. Actually, it aids your weight loss, making you feel full- until lunchtime without any snacks.    4    That's because late night eaters tend to make worse food choices.

•    5    

We might be told that fruit and grains are beneficial to our health. But even they can keep the fat on if we eat too many of them. For example, fruits are good but many are full of fructose（果糖）, which also contribute to weight gain if eaten in large quantities.

A．You'd better eat nutritious food,

B．You're eating too much of good things.

C．Here are some of the things we might be getting wrong.

D．Besides, eating late at night can largely reduce weight loss chances.

E．Now they have grown and contribute to over-eating and unwanted weight gain.

F．This won't make you feel better and is indeed a risk factor for weight gain and obesity.

G．It also triggers a rise in stress hormone, which demands your body to conserve more energy to cope with waking hours.

8 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What was the main focus of the study?

A．How to eat chocolate without gaining weight.

B．The health benefits of eating chocolate.

C．The effects of eating chocolate on happiness.

2. Who reported the best results?

A．People who ate no chocolate at all.

B．People who ate a lot of chocolate every day.

C．People who ate a moderate amount of chocolate every day.

3. What did the researchers say about the study?

A．There is still a lot of work to be done.

B．Milk chocolate was used in the experiment.

C．Eating too much chocolate had no positive impact on health.

4. Who might appreciate this news report most?

A．People who want to change their diet.

B．People who exercise regularly.

C．People who already eat chocolate fairly often.