1 . I am Amy Chew. I graduated from this school in 2014. I’m glad to be here today to speak to you about the importance of accepting your body. I used to be anorexic (厌食的); I was extremely thin: my head, which looked abnormally huge, was barely supported by my backbone.

It would take an hour for me to eat a spoon of food. Should I attempt to eat to comfort my parents or teachers, I would lock myself in the toilet and throw up the food. I looked pale and weak all the time because of the lack of food. My family members were annoyed. They cried a lot.

It all started when a boy in my class called me “fat”. It was painful. I adopted an extremely strict diet and exercise method. I lost 10 kg within three months and continued to lose more weight. I was absolutely addicted to losing even more weight. One day, my heart rate dropped and I was breathless! I almost lost my life. That was when I decided to turn my life around.

Looking good is extremely important to a teenager. We want to look a certain way so we can be popular and accepted. We are attracted by good shapes. Now, with social media, we have access to a pool of photographs of people, whose bodies and appearances we admire.Those images make us envious. We long to be like them.

We’re in danger when we start to look down upon the way we look and take extreme measures to attain the body we dream of having. These measures can lead to eating disorders,unrealistic and unhealthy exercise habits, low self-respect and depression. Besides affecting the physical health, teenagers who are body conscious can also suffer from mental instability. They may fall into despair, guilt and hopelessness. If you are currently experiencing these feelings, seek help before it is too late.

1. Which can show the author’s change in her figure?

A．Bony→fat→normal.	B．Fat→bony→normal.
C．Bony→normal→fat.	D．Fat→normal→bony.

2. What made the author decide on changing her lifestyle?

A．Pursuit of beauty.

B．Persuasion of her parents.

C．Falling behind others in grades.

D．Being laughed at for her figure.

3. What’s the best title for the text?

A．Accept your body	B．Stick to your dream
C．Be confident and brave	D．Lose weight properly

4. What would be talked about in the following paragraph most probably?

A．The necessity of keeping a balanced diet.

B．The risk of losing weight blindly on one’s own.

C．The importance of feeling positive about your image.

D．The standards of healthy eating and exercise habits.

2 . Blame grandpa if you get fat eating junk food. It seems that the grandsons of obese male mice are more likely to be affected by a bad diet, even if their fathers are slim and healthy.

Last year, a study found thousands of epigenetic（表观遗传的）changes to DNA in the sperm of obese men, as well as differing amounts of short pieces of RNA, when compared with slim men’s sperm. Epigenetic changes like these don’t alter the code of DNA, but may affect how active particular genes are.

Now Catherine Suter at Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute in Sydney and her colleagues have investigated the longer-term effects of father-related obesity by mating obese male mice with slim females.

They found that, unlike those of slim males, both the sons and grandsons of obese ones were more likely to show the early signs of fatty liver disease and diabetes when given a junk-food diet. The same effect wasn’t seen in daughters or granddaughters.

Even when the sons of obese males were fed a healthy diet and kept at a normal weight, their own sons still had a greater tendency to develop obesity-related conditions when exposed to a junk diet. However, the effect didn’t seem to be passed on to great-grandsons.

“This is good news because it suggests that the cycle of obesity can be broken,” says Suter. Her team’s research indicates that small RNA pieces in the sperm could be to blame, possibly influencing how a male embryo（胚胎）develops. Such studies highlight the importance of men’s health when reproducing, says Suter. “A baby’s health has long been considered the mother’s responsibility, but attention should also be paid to the father’s health.”

1. What can be learnt from the text?

A．The code of DNA changes if one gets obese.

B．Short pieces of RNA is brought about by obesity.

C．Fathers affect male mice more than grandpas.

D．Junk food might not be the primary cause of your obesity.

2. What is true about Suter’s research?

A．The research didn’t last for a long time.

B．The subjects of the research were only male mice.

C．Fathers’ obesity would probably be passed on to daughters.

D．Great-grandsons were less likely to develop father-related obesity.

3. Which of the following statements would Suter agree with?

A．A father’s health determines his baby’s.

B．Mothers aren’t responsible for babies’ health.

C．Small changes in DNA results in a baby’s obesity.

D．A baby’s health is closely related to that of both parents.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Obesity is passed on down generations

B．Eating junk food leads to health problems

C．The choice of diet is an art of parenting

D．A healthy diet keeps you away from obesity

3 . Vegetarians would rather not be forced to eat meat. Yet the reverse compulsion is hidden in the proposals for a new plant-based “planetary diet.” Nowhere is this more visible than in India.

Earlier this year, the EAT-Lancet Commission released its global report on nutrition and called for a global shift to a more plant-based diet and for “substantially reducing consumption of animal source foods.” In countries like India, that call could become a tool to aggravate an already tense political situation and stress already undernourished populations.

The EAT report assumes that “traditional diets” in countries like India include little red meat, which might be consumed only on special occasions or as minor ingredients in mixed dishes.

In India, however, there is a vast difference between what people would wish to consume and what they have to consume because of innumerable barriers around class, religion, culture, cost, geography, etc. Policymakers in India have traditionally pushed for a cereal-heavy “vegetarian diet” on a meat-eating population as a way of providing the cheapest sources of food.

Currently, under an aggressive Hindu nationalist government, Muslims, Christians, disadvantaged classes and indigenous communities are being compelled to give up their traditional foods.

None of these concerns seem to have been appreciated by the EAT-Lancet Commission’s representative, Brent Loken, who said “India has got such a great example” in sourcing protein from plants.

But how much of a model for the world is India’s vegetarianism? In the Global Hunger Index, the country ranks 102^nd out of 117. Data from the National Family Health Survey indicate that only 10 percent of infants of 6 to 23 months are adequately fed, which is why calls for a plant-based diet modeled on India risk offering another whip with which to beat already vulnerable communities in developing countries.

A diet directed at the affluent West fails to recognize that in low-income countries undernourished children are known to benefit from the consumption of milk and other animal source foods, improving cognitive functions, while reducing the prevalence of nutritional deficiencies as well as death.

EAT-Lancet claimed its intention was to “spark conversations” among all Indian stakeholders. Yet vocal critics of the food processing industry and food fortification strategies have been left out of the debate. But the most conspicuous (明显的) omission may well be the absence of India’s farmers.

1. What is more visible in India than anywhere else according to the passage?

A．People’s positive views on the proposals for a “planetary diet”.

B．People’s reluctance to be compelled to eat plant-based food.

C．People’s preferences for the kind of food they consume.

D．People’s unwillingness to give up their eating habits.

2. What would the EAT-Lancet Commission’s report do to many people in countries like India?

A．Radically change their dietary habits.	B．Keep them further away from politics.
C．Make them even more undernourished.	D．Substantially reduce their food choices.

3. What do we learn from the passage about food consumption in India?

A．People’s diet will not change due to the EAT-Lancet report.

B．Many people simply do not have access to foods they prefer.

C．There is a growing popularity of a cereal-heavy vegetarian diet.

D．Policymakers help remove the barriers to people’s choice of food.

4. What does the passage say about a plant-based diet modeled on India?

A．It may benefit populations whose traditional diet is meat-based.

B．It may be another blow to the economy in developing countries.

C．It may worsen the nourishment problem in low-income countries.

D．It may help narrow the gap between the rich and poor countries.

4 . How many calories should you eat in a day? Many factors go into determining your calorie needs. Your age, weight, gender/sex, height and activity level and if you want to maintain, lose or gain weight and so on all play a role. So, how many average calories per day should you aim for?

Everybody’s daily calorie needs are different, which can make it hard to figure out the magic number. In general, men and people assigned male at birth (AMAB) need more calories than women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB). Active people need more than those who have desk jobs. And younger people need more than older people, whose metabolisms (新陈代谢) slow down as they age.

Calories per day for women and people AFAB

Age	Calories: inactive	Calories: moderately active	Calories: active
21–25	2,000	2,200	2,400
26–30	1,800	2,000	2,400
31–50	1,800	2,000	2,200
51–60	1,600	1,800	2,200
61+	1,600	1,800	2,000

Source: Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion).

Calories per day for men and people AMAB

Age	Calories: inactive	Calories: moderately active	Calories: active
21–25	2,400	2,800	3,000
26–35	2,400	2,600	3,000
36–40	2,400	2,600	2,800
41–45	2,200	2,600	2,800
46-55	2,200	2,400	2,800
56–60	2,200	2,400	2,600
61–65	2,000	2,400	2,600

Source: Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025, Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion).

Keep in mind, these calorie recommendations are for people who are at a normal weight. If your weight is above the normal range for your height and your goal is weight loss, you need to consume less. A shortage of 500 calories can provide a weight loss of 1 pound per week.

1. If you are a male of 24,always sitting in the office, daily calorie you need is .

A．2400

B．2000

C．2800

D．2200

2. Which of the statement is true according to the passage?

A．People of same age consume the same calories per day.

B．At age 61, men moderately active need more calories than women active .

C．If you are losing weight, you need to consume calories as the recommendations.

D．As metabolisms slow down, the elderly need more calories than younger people.

3. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?

A．To persuade us to lose weight .

B．To tell us how many calories we should eat every day.

C．To remind us to eat according to calories recommendations.

D．To tell us age weight, gender, height and activity level etc. determine daily calories need.

5 . As most Americans spend at least 50% of their food budget dining out, public criticism falls on restaurants to help consumers make healthier food choices. The Menu Labeling Final Rule has come into effect, requiring restaurants with more than 20 locations to show the calories of food on menus.

By representing these values in a discrepant way — using physically larger numbers on the page for lower-calorie options, and smaller numbers for high-calorie foods — businesses can shift customers’ preferences toward healthier food, according to Ruiying Cai from the Washington State University.

In their study, Cai and her colleagues asked participants to choose between a less healthy item and a healthier option after randomly assigning them to two groups. In the first group, calorie counts and font sizes rose and fell together. In the second group, the size became larger as the calorie count fell. Researchers also asked participants questions to assess their health-consciousness.

Results showed participants in the second group, who saw low calorie counts printed in large sizes, were more likely to adopt the healthier option. Moreover, less health- conscious participants were the most affected, while people with more health awareness were less influenced since they already favored healthier food.

This research adjusted customer behaviors by creating a Stroop effect. Named after psychologist J. Ridley Stroop, the Stroop effect refers to a delay in reaction to mismatch in its classic form. For example, if the word “purple” is written in green, it takes respondents longer time to identify the color than if the word and the color match. Similarly, the effect is observed when the physical size of the number does not match its number in this study.

“Restaurants are interested in encouraging customers to make healthier choices,” Cai said. However, simply labeling the food as healthy may not have the intended effect. “Healthy food items could be profitable for restaurants, but whenever a ‘healthy’ label is attached, people may assume it does not taste good,” she explained. “We’re trying to provide restaurants with indirect suggestions, rather than saying it out loud.”

1. What does the underlined word “discrepant” in paragraph 2mean?

A．Creative.

B．Relative

C．Conflicting

D．Misleading

2. Which of the following type of customers would be affected most from the research?

A．Strict diet followers.	B．Convenience food fans.
C．Homema de meal lovers.	D．Health magazine readers.

3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A．The significance of research results.	B．The measurement of response delays.
C．The psychological basis of the study design.	D．The influential variations of the Stroop effect.

4. Which of the following might be Cai’s suggestion for restaurants?

A．Use font magic to drive healthier choices.

B．Pay more attention to the taste of the food.

C．Create a quiet dining atmosphere for customers.

D．Attach “healthy” labels to the food on the menu.

6 . New research from the American non-profit organization Consumer Reports finds that plastics have a “widespread” presence in food. The group called on the United States government to examine the safety of food that comes into contact with plastics during production.

In a report released Thursday, Consumer Reports said that 84 out of 85 food products it recently tested contained “plasticizers” called phthalates. Phthalates are chemicals used to make plastics last longer. The researchers also said 79 percent of the examined foods contained bisphenol A (BPA), another chemical found in plastics.

In these tests, the researchers checked a wider variety of foods to see how much of the chemicals Americans actually consume. The answer is quite a lot. The tests found that bisphenols and phthalates remain widespread in food, almost in every food we tested. The levels did not depend on packaging type, and no one particular type of food — say, dairy products or prepared meals — was more likely than another to have them. Consumer Reports said all the levels were within limits set by U.S. and European regulators. All the foods tested remained within the limits. However, does that mean it is safe to eat?

Beyond highlighting these concerns, Consumer Reports is actively working on issues related to consumer safety. This includes advocating for the banning of harmful chemicals in food. The widespread presence of plastics in food is a pressing issue that requires immediate attention from both regulators and consumers. While we wait for policy changes, there are steps individuals can take to reduce exposure to these chemicals. Some of these measures include avoiding plastic food storage containers, limiting consumption of fast food. Replacing plastic kitchen tools with those made of wood and stainless steel can also help. Using glass or steel water bottles can further reduce exposure. It’s also important to air your home regularly to reduce exposure to phthalates in household dust.

1. What is the finding of the research?

A．Plastic containers are widely used nowadays.	B．Plastics can pollute food during production.
C．Plastics contain many harmful materials.	D．Plastics are related to food safety issue.

2. Why does the author mention phthalate?

A．To stress its key role in making plastics.	B．To show it will do harm to our health.
C．To offer basic information to consumers.	D．To tell what food products are made up of.

3. Why are researchers so worried?

A．Bisphenols and phthalates are not used.	B．The set limits may not be suitable at present.
C．The regulators don’t perform their duty.	D．The packaging types are still the same.

4. How is the passage mainly organized?

A．By discussing research experiments.	B．By comparing different results.
C．By analyzing cause and effect.	D．By presenting problem and solution.

7 . On-campus Meal Plans

Our on-campus dining prides itself on providing nutritious food choices to meet the wide variety of dietary needs within our community. Our meal plans offer the highest quality food and create opportunities for students to engage in academic and lively discussions over meals with each other. Community is one of the great reasons why students in residence halls are required to have a meal plan. While students are automatically signed up in the Blue Plan, three meal plans are available to meet your needs.

Available plans

Three meal plans are available and our meal plans are made up of two components:

●Meal Credits: Any unused meal credits at the dining halls will run out on Saturday at midnight each week and reset for the upcoming week. Meal credits can only be used by the meal plan holder.
●Flex Dollars: Flex dollars can be used to pay for anyone, such as family, friends, or guests.

	Current Plan	Upgrade Options
Plans	Blue Plan	Gold Plan	Ultimate Plan
Meal Credits	12 meal credits per week	18 meal credits per week	Unlimited meal credits per week
Flex Dollars	600 flex dollars	1,200 flex dollars	2,000 flex/dollars
Cost	Included in your Housing Contract	+$350 per year	+$950 per year

Upgrades and changes

Want more flexibility to meet your needs? Upgrade and maximize your plan. Simply fill out the On-campus Meal Plan Change Form during the limited change period:

Fall: March 1 — September 14

Spring: December 2 — February 8

1. What is a benefit for students to have a meal plan?

A．Simplifying dining process.

B．Boosting social connections.

C．Ensuring access to delicious food.

D．Maximizing profit for dining services.

2. How much do you pay to upgrade the Gold Plan?

A．$350 per year.	B．$600 per year.
C．$950 per year.	D．$1,200 per year.

3. When can students request changes to their meal plans?

A．Jan. 24.	B．Feb. 21.
C．Sept. 18.	D．Oct. 3.

8 . The first time our fifth grader bought a salad for school lunch, she proudly told me the news as soon as she walked in the kitchen door. I didn’t share her delight.

“Honey, just so you know, salad isn’t a meal. It’s a side,” I said. “Vegetables won’t keep you full.”

“But a salad’s healthy, right?” she asked.

Of course the objective answer is yes. But my answer was more complicated. I couldn’t celebrate her otherwise healthy choice because I was worried she had begun to model my dieting and restrictive eating habits she saw as a younger child — habits that included lots of salad eating (and little else) and finally led to my anorexia (厌食症) nearly two years ago. Was this monkey see, monkey do?

Even though our daughters — who are now 10, 8 and 6 — are old enough to make their own regular food choices, what my husband and I have modeled for them will make a difference. I learned something about restrictive eating from watching my own father, who often struggled with his weight. Of course, I don’t blame him for my disorder — he never intended for his choices to be a weight-loss book for me, though sadly, they were. So knowing what I know now, it would be stupid, if not irresponsible for me to think that just because I never told our daughters to restrict or to spend hours each day exercising that they wouldn’t have understood what my “healthy” lifestyle really meant. To be clear, there are countless medical reasons why some parents chose restrictive diets, but when restriction or a diet becomes a way of life that starts to affect relationships, that’s not healthy.

I knew I was wrong to shame the salad our daughter bought for lunch, which is why I reconsidered my response and told her that salad for lunch was, indeed, a healthy choice, and that it should include cheese, meat or nuts, which would keep her brain focused for the rest of her school day. She smiled at my answer. “Well, I also have cheese, eggs and chicken on my salad.”

1. How did the author feel on hearing about her daughter’s lunch?

A．Unconcerned.

B．Relaxed.

C．Uneasy.

D．Delighted.

2. What can we infer about the author’s father?

A．He exercised a lot to keep fit.

B．He was often on a diet.

C．He once suffered from a disorder.

D．He was a good model for the author.

3. What was worrying the author?

A．Her kids at e too much fat every day.

B．Her kids were influenced by her lifestyle.

C．Her kids spent too little time exercising.

D．Her kids knew nothing about food choices.

4. What kind of lunch did the author’s daughter have that day?

A．Vegetarian.

B．High-fat.

C．Balanced.

D．Weight-loss.

9 . “The cure for anything is salt,” says a character in Karen Blixen’s short story The Deluge at Norderney. Everyday life has got a lot saltier since Blixen’s era — and salt is no longer the cure-all it once was. So what should we be doing about it?

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends capping your salt intake at 5g a day, and keeping it even lower if possible. That’s because, according to a large body of evidence, eating a lot of it is linked to high blood pressure, which in turn is a risk factor for heart disease. More recently, extra salt has also been associated with stomach cancer.

So is the answer to put down the shaker? It’s a bit more complicated than that: as the British Heart Foundation notes, 75% of the salt that we eat is added before our food even hits our plates. The UK was a world leader in salt reduction, with the Food Standards Agency enforcing (施行) strict limits on how much could be included in most products.

In 2010, however, as the government introduced “responsibility deals”, the food industry itself took the lead in the process, with limits becoming much more voluntary. Now, even brands that would like to reduce the salt content of their foods are hamstrung by what everyone else is doing: apart from being one of the cheapest forms of flavouring available, salt can also be used to bulk up (增重) foods by increasing their water content.

“As a work partner of mine said, leaving it up to the manufacturers (制造商) is like putting a mosquito in charge of a blood bank,” says Graham MacGregor, a professor of medicine. “Some supermarkets want better enforcement, but it has to come from above.”

The answer, then, is that this is one health concern that we should probably be collectively worrying about. You can take steps like cooking most of your meals and avoiding takeaways and ready meals. But it’s not an option for everyone. “If you really want to lower your salt intake, the best first step might be to write to your MP (国会议员),” says MacGregor.

1. What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on concerning salt?

A．Its potential danger to health.	B．Its daily recommended intake.
C．Its significance to everyday life.	D．Its curing ability for certain diseases.

2. What does the underlined word “hamstrung” in paragraph 4 mean?

A．Copied.

B．Restricted.

C．Doubted.

D．Criticized.

3. Which of the following describes “responsibility deals” in MacGregor’s opinion?

A．A win-win strategy.	B．An ill-intentioned policy.
C．A business-restricting practice.	D．A poorly thought-out initiative.

4. What is the key to lower salt intake according to MacGregor?

A．The food industry’s voluntary efforts.	B．The UK government enforcing strict laws.
C．The general public’s return to home cooking.	D．The WHO introducing minimum standards.

10 . Following a sustainable diet, also known as a “planetary health diet”, includes whole grains, fruits, nuts, green vegetables, and olive oil, can be a win-win for your health and the planet, according to a new research.

The new research conducted by scientists from the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health has revealed that people who eat more environmentally sustainable food have a 25percent lower risk of mortality (死亡) compared to those with a less sustainable diet, like eggs, the red and processed meat. The findings show that the participants with a good planetary health diet had a reduced risk of all causes of death measured in the study.

The study involved over 100,000 participants in the USA, with a 30-year check-up period. According to Linh Bui, the PhD candidate at Harvard, the research team integrated data on the health outcomes of specific foods and their environment al impact, creating a Planetary Health Diet Index (指数), and gave the participants scores based on their diets. Using this, they assessed the relationship between the scores and the participants’ health outcomes. “The results confirmed our previous hypothesis (假设) that a higher Planetary Health Diet score was associated with a lower risk of death,” said Bui. The people with the highest Planetary Health Index scores had a 25per cent lower overall risk of death than those with the lowest scores.

The environmental impact of the foods was evaluated by factors such as water use, land use, package, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. The researchers hope that the eco-index can be used as a simple tool for policy makers and public health services to improve human health and tackle the climate crisis.

However, they acknowledge that the index does not take into account certain challenges that people may have in following a sustainable diet, such as health conditions of the subjects and what cultures they come from. They hope that further research will address these barriers,   as well as relationships between foods and diseases tailored to particular countries.

1. What did the new research find about a sustainable diet?

A．It is a double-edged sword.

B．It can reduce the risk of death.

C．It is mainly composed of greens.

D．It is less friendly to the environment.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The approaches adopted in the study.

B．New confirmation about the results.

C．Supporting evidence for the theory.

D．Potential benefits of the research.

3. How was the environmental impact of the foods determined?

A．By analyzing their elements.	B．By measuring their nutrition.
C．By examining their packaging.	D．By assessing their eco-footprint.

4. What might further research aim to deal with?

A．Individual preferences.

B．Prospective food access.

C．Culture-based healthy food.

D．Sustainable food alternatives.