1 . It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.

A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.” The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.

Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.

The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.

For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol (白藜芦醇), a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.

1. The passage is mainly for those ________.

A．who produce wine	B．who go on a diet
C．who are eager to lose weight	D．who have a drinking habit

2. The underlined phrase “in moderation” in the first paragraph means ________.

A．properly

B．carefully

C．frequently

D．excitedly

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Moderate drinking increases weight.

B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.

C．Moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.

D．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear.

4. What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

A．How to do some easy experiments.

B．How to reduce the calories contained in wine.

C．How to make wine in a healthy way.

D．How to prove the finding mentioned in the last paragraph.

2 . Pickled sides are Chinese people’s solution to tasteless food. Just a spoonful of sauce or pickled vegetables over rice can make a meal taste a million times better.

During busy work schedules, many young people in China don’t have the luxury of enjoying insightful conversations with friends and family at the dinner table. Instead, they find themselves eating alone.

Chinese youth are kept company during these 20-to-30-minute windows by TV shows or short videos, which they stream on their phone, tablet, or television. On the Internet, such content has been called “digital pickled vegetables”.

Some popular picks include classic Chinese dramas and situation comedies (sitcoms) like Empresses in the Palace and My Own Swordsman. American sitcoms such as Friends and How I Met Your Mother are also favored for their amusing jokes and simple story lines. You don’t need to know anything about either to get a good laugh from a random episode.

Some have questioned the value of such videos, pointing out that some explainers ruin good films and books and that no-brainer mini-series aren’t informational. On the other hand, we see nothing wrong with some harmless fun to accompany a lonely meal after a long day of work. Instead of being accompanied by friends and family during meal my young people in China are kept company by TV shows or short videos.

Can this habit affect your diet? According to a research paper published in 2019, you may eat more unconsciously. An international research team asked 62 volunteers to follow different eating patterns on four different days. The patterns included eating while looking at the mobile phone, reading magazines and without distraction (分心). After analyzing their diets, the team discovered that eating with a distraction increased intake of calories by about 15 percent.

To explore the reason, the team also invited two groups of people: one group ate while listening to a recording about another person eating and the other listened to a clip that helped them imagine themselves eating. The results showed that the second group ate less since they were more focused on their meals. When eating with the “digital pickles”, our attention can be distracted, which leads to eating more than expected.

1. Why do many Chinese young people eat alone?

A．They hate to share food with workmates.	B．They fail to have the luxury of dining space.
C．They tend to have busy work timetables.	D．They prefer not to talk with strangers.

2. What do the underlined words “digital pickled vegetables” mean in paragraph 3?

A．Videos you watch while eating.	B．Sauce you choose while eating.
C．Vegetables you like while eating.	D．Games you play while eating.

3. Why do we eat more with “digital pickles”?

A．They increase our feeling of hunger.	B．They make the food more delicious.
C．They draw our attention to the diet.	D．They shift our attention from the meals.

3 . Living a healthy lifestyle lies in forming the right eating habits. Here are some of the good habits you can develop when it comes to healthy eating.

Drink plenty of water. You must drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. You may need even more water if you are in a hot environment or if you are exercising.

Eat breakfast.Breakfast is the most important meal of the day. A recent study has shown that those who eat breakfast will consume an average of 100 calories more during the day than their colleagues (同事) who skipped breakfast. They will also be able to concentrate better.

Don’t skip lunch. If you do so, your blood sugar level will drop and your metabolism (新陈代谢) will slow down. When you get home you are starving and eat everything you can find.

We all need to snack from time to time, but please choose your snacks carefully. In fact, it’s a good idea to eat two healthy snacks besides your three main meals. Choose healthy snacks like fruits and vegetables, low fat yogurt, cottage cheese with apple sauce, and so on.

Eat your fruits and vegetables. We should eat at least 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day. Take a piece of fruit for a snack, add some banana and raisins to your favourite breakfast cereal (谷类食品), have a salad with lunch, and eat at least one vegetable at dinner each night.

Do not eat your dinner too late. Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed. This will give your body a chance to digest most of the food before you rest for the next 8 hours. Plan dinner for the week ahead of time and make sure you have everything you need in the house so other family members can get ahead start on dinner if you have a late meeting at the office.

1. How many good eating habits are mentioned in the passage?

A．5.	B．6.
C．7.	D．8.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．You should drink at least 8 glasses of water whatever the environment may be.

B．Breakfast, lunch, snack, dinner, fruits and vegetables are equally important.

C．It is suggested that you eat your dinner at seven if you plan to go to bed at ten.

D．It is good for your health to eat fruits and vegetables at each meal every day.

3. The underlined word “raisins” most probably means        ．

A．dried grapes	B．peach leaves
C．pieces of cheese	D．peanuts

4. Who is this passage intended for?

A．Students.	B．Office workers.
C．Housewives.	D．Cooks.

4 . Restricting meals to early in the day did not affect weight among overweight adults with prediabetes or diabetes(糖尿病), according to a research presented at the American Heart Association's Scientific Sessions 2020.

“We have wondered for a long time if when one eats during the day affects the way the body uses and stores energy,” said study author Nisa M. Maruthur, associate professor of medicine in Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. “Most previous studies have not controlled the number of calories, so it wasn't clear if people who ate earlier just ate fewer calories. In this study, the only thing we changed was the time of eating in the day.”

Maruthur and colleagues followed 41 overweight adults in a 12-week study. Most participants(参与者)（90%）were African American women with prediabetes or diabetes, and average age of 59 years. Twenty-one of the adults followed a time-restricted eating pattern, limiting eating to specific hours of the day and ate 80% of their calories before 1 pm. The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12-hour window, consuming half of their daily calories after 5 pm for the entire 12 weeks. All participants consumed the same pre-prepared, healthy meals provided for the study. Weight and blood pressure were measured at the beginning of the study；then at 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks.

The analysis found that people in both groups lost weight and had decreased blood pressure no matter when they ate. "We thought that the time-restricted group would lose more weight,” Maruthur said. “Yet that didn't happen. We did not see any difference in weight loss for those who ate most of their calories earlier versus later in the day. We did not see any effects on blood pressure either.”

The researchers are now collecting more detailed information on blood pressure recorded over 24 hours, and they will bring this information together with the results of a study on the effects of time-restricted feeding on blood sugar, insulin(胰岛素)and other hormones and making analyses on the data. "Together, these findings will help us to more fully understand the effects of time-restricted eating on cardiometabolic(心血管代谢)health," Maruthur said.

1. What made this study different from earlier ones?

A．Participants' age.	B．Participants' daily eating time
C．The number of participants.	D．Research members.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Research procedure.	B．Research result.
C．Research purpose.	D．Research institution.

3. What do we know from Maruthur's words in paragraph 4?

A．Blood pressure is connected with eating time.

B．Taking in less calories earlier makes for weight loss.

C．Eat calories earlier doesn't affect weight loss.

D．Eating time determines your effect of losing weight.

4. What may the researchers do next according to the last paragraph?

A．Stop research.	B．Announce findings.
C．Write essays.	D．Analyze data.

5 . Food safety is a problem in all places around the world and people in different areas of the world prepare foods in different ways. The WHO released (发布) five simple rules for preparing food in a safe way. They call these rules the “Five Keys to Safer Food”.

Key 1: Keep clean

    1    . People should wash their hands often — before touching food and while they are preparing food. People should wash all surfaces and equipment used for preparing food.

Key 2: Separate raw (生的) and cooked

Raw foods should not touch prepared foods.     2    .

Key 3:     3    

People should cook eggs and meat especially carefully. These foods may carry more micro-organisms (微生物) than other foods. Food like soup must be boiled for at least a minute to make it be cooked completely. It is also important that people re-heat cooked food completely.

Key 4: Keep food at safe temperatures

When people are finished with eating, they should keep the left food in a refrigerator below 5ºC and shouldn’t store it for too long. At room temperature, about 20ºC, the amount of micro-organisms can increase very quickly. But temperatures above 60ºC or below 5ºC control the growth of micro-organisms.     4    .

Key 5: Use safe water and raw materials

    5    . Damaged or old food may develop harmful chemicals as it gets older.

A．Eat healthily

B．Cook completely

C．They can live where we make food

D．This key tells about the importance of washing

E．People should use safe water and choose fresh foods

F．They cannot grow as quickly in a very hot or very cold environment

G．People should use separate equipment and tools for touching and preparing raw foods

8 . Here are six diet foods that can hurt your weight loss journey.

Diet soda.

    1     Drinking diet soda can make you likely to overeat. The answer is because your body is tricked into believing you’re ingesting sugar and it makes you crave more.

Microwave popcorn.

Microwave popcorn contains the organic compound diacetyl to give you that butter taste. Try to avoid this ingredient!     2    

Granola bars.

Commercial granola bars can be loaded with corn syrup, salt and processed oils that can add to your waistline.     3    

Veggie burgers.

Say isn’t so! Going veggie could damage your diet. Read the labels.    4    Also Hexane has been found in veggie burgers. This a gasoline by-product used during the process of separating soybeans into oil.

    5    

Yup. Low fat-products like yogurt can be loaded with sugar. In a cup of Stoneyfield Farm French Vanilla yogurt, there are 20-plus grams of sugar.

Blue chips.

Blue corn chips or vegetable chips are a great alternative to potato chips. But again, there needs to be portion control. They can be loaded with salt and fatty oils.

A．Roast meat.

B．Low fat yogurt

C．Diet soda can actually make you gain weight

D．You’re better off making your own popcorn

E．Some are made with processed soy and loaded with oils and butter

F．It is as important for thinking as it is for lifting, especially as we age.

G．Option for making your own granola at home, but watch your potions.

9 . In the United States, 30 percent of the people have a “weight problem”. To many people the cause is obvious (明显的): they eat too much. But scientific evidence (证据) does little to support this idea. Going back to America of 1910, we find that people were thinner than today, yet they ate more food. In those days people worked harder physically, walked more, used machines much less, and didn’t watch television.
Several modern studies, moreover, have shown that fatter people don’t eat more on average than thinner people. A 1979 study of 3,545 London office workers showed that fat people eat less than slim (苗条的) people.
Studies also show that slim people are more active than fat people. A study by a research group at Stanford University found the following interesting facts:
The more the man ran, the greater loss of the body fat.
The more they ran, the greater increase in food intake.
Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.
1. Nowadays many Americans have the problem that ______.

A．they are too slim	B．they work too hard
C．they are too fat	D．they lose too much body fat

2. According to the passage, how many people in 900 Americans have a “weight problem”?

A．150.

B．300.

C．600.

D．270.

3. Is there any scientific evidence to support the idea that eating too much is the cause of a “weight problem”?

A．Yes, there is plenty of evidence.

B．Of course, there is some evidence to support this.

C．There is hardly any scientific evidence to support this.

D．We are not sure.

4. The Americans in 1910 ________.

A．ate more food and had more physical activities

B．ate less food but had more physical activities

C．ate less food and had less physical activities

D．had more problems

10 . All of us eat every day, but most of us don’t understand nutrition. We often make mistakes in talking about good diet.

For example, many people think that foods such as rice, bread and potatoes will make one grow fat. In fact, these foods are very good to one’s health. They are good sources of many vitamins. And in comparison with steak and beef, they contain less amount of calories.

Some people don’t like canned(罐装的) or frozen vegetables, because they think fresh vegetables cooked at home are always better. This is again wrong. In fact, whether the vegetables are good or not depends more on how they are prepared. Overcooking, for example, destroys good qualities of vegetables. Vegetables cooked in too much water can lose a large amount of vitamins.

It is widely believed extra vitamins provide more energy. But taking more than the body needs doesn’t make it function better.

It is also wrong to say that vegetables grown in poor, worn-out soil are lower in vitamins than vegetables grown in rich soil. The vitamins in our foods are in the plants themselves. They don’t come from the soil. However, the minerals(矿物质) in a plant depend on the minerals in the soil.

In short, there are many false ideas about nutrition. We need to correct them.

1. This passage is mainly about_______.

A．nutrition

B．vitamins

C．vegetables

D．health

2. Rice, bread and potatoes do good to people’s health mainly because_______.

A．they make people fat

B．there are lot of vitamins in them

C．they contain less amount of calories compared with steak and beef.

D．both B and C.

3. Why don’t some people like canned or frozen vegetables? Because______.

A．they think fresh vegetables contain less vitamins

B．they think fresh vegetables contain more vitamins than the canned or frozen ones

C．they don’t think the canned or frozen vegetables are fresh

D．they don’t think the canned or frozen vegetables taste as good as the fresh ones

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Many people know almost everything about nutrition.

B．Food such as rice, bread and potatoes make people fat.

C．vegetables grown in poor worn-out soil may have the same amount of vitamins as vegetables grown in rich soil.

D．extra vitamins provide less energy.

5. The point of the passage is that______.

A．the minerals in a plant depend on the minerals in the soil

B．people make mistakes when talking about good diet

C．taking more vitamins than the body needs doesn’t make it function better

D．vegetables cooked in too much water can lose a large amount of vitamins