It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight.
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, “Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain.” The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.
Boston University’s Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms (生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes (糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one’s risk of becoming obese. What’s more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol (白藜芦醇), a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.
1. The passage is mainly for those ________.A.who produce wine | B.who go on a diet |
C.who are eager to lose weight | D.who have a drinking habit |
A.properly | B.carefully | C.frequently | D.excitedly |
A.Moderate drinking increases weight. |
B.Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat. |
C.Moderate drinking has a strong protective effect. |
D.The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear. |
A.How to do some easy experiments. |
B.How to reduce the calories contained in wine. |
C.How to make wine in a healthy way. |
D.How to prove the finding mentioned in the last paragraph. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Sleep position is often a matter of comfort, but in some cases your sleeping position may be important to your health.
When Side-Sleeping( Right or Left)Is Helpful
Neck and back pain are very common problems that could be affected by sleep position.
When Sleeping On the Left Is Not Recommended
You may have chronic heart failure or have had a heart attack.
Important Points to Remember About Left-Sided Sleeping
Sleep position is often a matter of comfort, and most people change positions while sleeping and find themselves waking in a different position than the one in which they fell asleep.
A.It includes heart rate and blood pressure. |
B.The heart is slightly to the left in your chest. |
C.Choose the sleep position that is most comfortable for you. |
D.Snoring is a common problem that can occur for many reasons. |
E.Sleeping on your right side may be recommended by your physician. |
F.You may be recommended to sleep on your left side for medical reasons. |
G.Sleeping on the side or on the back may help reduce back and neck pain. |
【推荐2】Milk plays an important role in a child’s healthy growth, from a breastfed (母乳喂养的) baby to a teenager putting milk into a drink.
Cow’s milk is naturally rich in protein (蛋白质) and calcium (钙). It also contains vitamin D, which is strengthened during the process of milk production.
The point is that, in addition to milk, kids also need to eat some other foods that are rich in a variety of nutrients (营养).
A.Cow’s milk can strengthen bones and teeth |
B.You’ll need to offer other foods that your kid loves |
C.Though milk is so beneficial, it’s not the only choice for kids |
D.It provides a lot that kids need to support growth and development |
E.In a similar way, vitamin A is added into milk, especially non-fat milk |
F.Different foods not only support the body development in different ways |
G.In fact, if breastfed regularly, kids don’t necessarily need to drink cow’s milk |
【推荐3】Is there any truth behind the saying “You are what you eat”? We put this to the test by asking three people to open their fridge doors and talk about their lifestyles.
Jenny 31 Teacher
My husband and I avoid all products that come from animals. This means we don’t eat meat. We like cooking at home and make our meals from fresh, seasonal fruit and vegetables. Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days. If we have children, I want to bring them up just like us, but my husband says that everyone should be able to make their own lifestyle choices.
Ted 35 Construction worker
Each day at the construction site is more or less the same — tiring! When I get back home, there’s nothing more satisfying than a big meat dinner. I guess I’ve always been a big meat eater and in this house, no family meal is complete without some form of meat. I still don’t think that anything can beat my mum’s homemade sausages, though.
Mike 49 Chef
With five children, we’re one big family! My wife and I both work full-time, so life can get pretty busy! Like a lot of chefs I know, I don’t really do much cooking at home. Sometimes I bring home food from the restaurant where I work. Once a week, we do a big shop and buy a lot of frozen food. I know we should eat more fresh fruit and vegetables, but ready meals are so convenient.
1. What can we learn about Jenny?A.She likes ready meals. | B.She has children to bring up. |
C.She enjoys vegetable-free dinners. | D.She enjoys cooking together with her husband. |
A.My fridge is filled with meat. |
B.As a chef, I don’t need so much frozen food. |
C.I provide fresh fruit and vegetables for my children. |
D.It’s convenient to eat food brought from my workplace. |
A.Interview notes. | B.A cooking guide. |
C.An advertisement. | D.Product introductions. |
【推荐1】What to Do If Your Child Can’t Sleep
Sleep issues are not particular to infants and toddlers, but can linger well into the school-going age bracket. If parents have reached the stage where their older child doesn’t sleep well, they may feel resigned to the situation – and it’s true that the older the child is, the more difficult it may be to change deeply rooted sleep associations and expectations – but there’re still some things you can do.
Sleep strategies – Explain: Talk to your child about the changes that you intend to make. Do this during the daytime, on a walk or over lunch. Let your child be involved in the decisions to give them a sense of control over the situation. Ask for their input, suggestions and their own impressions of what they would like their bedtime to include. Then rearrange the bedroom together, or simply choose the books and pajamas.
Environment: Make sure your child’s bedroom is a calm, safe place. Avoid too many distractions or stimulating activities in advance of sleep. Keep electronics and televisions out of the bedroom and limit their use at least 1-2 hours before bedtime, as using gadgets shortly before sleep can make it difficult for your child to “switch off”. If lots of non-sleep time is spent in the bedroom, the room itself does not represent the big separation that is sleep.
Diet and exercise: Outdoor exercise and fresh air are significant components to healthy sleep, and at least one hour a day is the recommendation. Don’t do this too close to sleep time though, as that’s when you need to be helping relax your child’s body, not stimulate it.
A growing child will need good sleep, so they need three structured meals and plenty of water throughout the day. But sugary or processed foods should be avoided. Allow them time to digest the food they’ve eaten before having them go to bed, although warm milk can help promote sleep.
1. According to the article, the underlined word “bracket” in paragraph 1 probably means _____.A.a kind of basket | B.a particular range |
C.a kind of relationship | D.the name of an age group |
A.To strengthen their connection with their children. |
B.To warn their children that they should sleep well. |
C.To inform their children that some changes about their sleeping habits will be made. |
D.To make the children feel they have the ability to make their own decisions about their sleep issues. |
A.Boiled eggs. | B.Candy bars. |
C.Warm milk | D.Homemade dumplings. |
【推荐2】A study on astronauts found that a short sleep during the day up to two and a half hours long improved working memory performance. Working memory includes focusing attention on one task while holding other tasks in memory, so a poor working memory could result in errors.
Taking a short sleep may make you think more clearly for the period right after you wake up and maybe several hours into the day. Taking a short sieep once or twice a week could lower the risk of heart attacks, according to a 2019 study published in the journal Heart. After tracking more than 3,400 peopIe between the ages of 35 and 75 for slightly more than five years, the researchers found that those who enjoyed occasional short sleep—once or twice a week, for five minutes to an hour—were 48% less likely than those who didn’t take a short sleep to experience a heart attack or heart failure.
A lack of quality sleep could lead to overeating because not enough sleep is believed to stimulate hunger and stop hormone(荷尔蒙)signals that communicate fullness. The findings were important because women were at high risk of fatness and sleep disorders, the researchers said, which could both be driven by a high intake of food. Taking a short sleep has been found to improve your creativity. The right side of your brain might experience a strong mental feeling during a short sleep, research suggested. The right side is the hemisphere(半球体)most associated with creative tasks, such as imagination and thinking, while the left is more logical. Rescarchers monitoring the brain activity of 15 people found that the right side of their brain communicated busily with itself as well as with its left part. The left side of the brain, however, remained relatively quiet. In a January 2020 study of 2,214 Chinese adults aged 60 and older, those who took afternoon sleep for five minutes to two hours showed better mental response than those who didn’t take a short sleep.
1. What do we know about the study on astronauts?A.Taking a short sleep surely results in errors. |
B.Improving working memory ability needs a long sleep. |
C.Sleeping up to one and a half hour is needed during the day. |
D.Having a good working memory may complete the task better. |
A.It may make you think clearly all day. |
B.It could reduce the risk of heart attacks. |
C.It made 48% of people frce from a heart attack. |
D.It may cause over 3,400 persons to suffer from heart attack. |
A.Refer to. | B.Focus on. | C.Give up. | D.Lead to. |
A.Sports. | B.Education. | C.Health. | D.Technology. |
【推荐3】Here are some tips for you to stay healthy within your budget.
Don’t sleep on a full stomach
Eat green and nutty
When measured on a cost per serving, per weight, or per nutrition basis, fruits and vegetables beat out meat and junk food.
Exercise throughout the week
Exercise is one of the healthiest investments of your time and should happen at least 3~5 times a week, spaced out no more than two days apart.
Create your support network
Humans are not like trees and can grow all by ourselves.
Make time for what you like to do. As your body relaxes and is happy, all the organs and systems work at their best.
A.Try to buy in season |
B.Do what you enjoy doing |
C.Do meaningful things with friends |
D.As an old saying goes, “Time is health” |
E.Add nuts to your diet at least twice a week |
F.Even if you are very busy, make sure you exercise throughout the week |
G.We are social beings and need the interaction that the community provides |
Our warming planet is expected to face serious water crisis (危机) in the coming decades — which means each nation’s natural resource will be more important than ever. |
A.244,973 cubic kilometers | B.241 cubic kilometers |
C.3,642 cubic kilometers | D.6,122 cubic kilometers |
A.Guyana | B.Brazil |
C.Iceland | D.China |
A.Bhutan | B.Seychelles |
C.Canada | D.Suriname |
【推荐2】Although social media allow us to become more connected to other people than at any time in history, a new study suggests that many Americans feel lonelier than ever before, which is weakening the nation’s mental and physical health.
The study conducted by the health insurer Cigna, found widespread loneliness, with nearly half of Americans reporting they feel alone, or left out at least some of the time. The nation’s 75 million millennials (ages 23 — 37) and Generation Z adults (ages 18 — 22) are lonelier than older generations. Besides, 54% of people surveyed said they feel no one knows them well, and four in ten reported they “lack companionship”, their “relationships aren’t meaningful” and they “are isolated (孤立的) from others”.
Douglas Nemecek, MD, Cigna’s chief medical officer for Behavioral Health, said the findings of the study suggest that the problem has become common, equaling the risks caused by tobacco and the nation’s ever-expanding waistline. “Loneliness has the same influence on health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, while obesity (肥胖) less than 10 cigarettes a day,” he said in releasing the report.
Nemeceks commentstallied withthose of other leading public health specialists, including former Surgeon General Vivek H. Murthy, MD, who said loneliness should be targeted in public health campaigns like those designed to fight against smoking and obesity. “During my years caring for patients, the worst disease I saw was not heart disease diabetes; it was loneliness,” Murthy said in a recent cover story in the Harvard Business Review.
The new report, produced in Cigna’s partnership with the polling company Ipsos, is based on an online survey of more than 20,000 US adults using the well-regarded UCLA Loneliness Scale to see how widespread loneliness is in America.
1. What does the study conducted by Cigna find?A.Older Americans feel much lonelier. |
B.Social media do people more harm than good. |
C.People become more connected to each other. |
D.Social media increase levels of Americans’ loneliness. |
A.Loneliness is not so harmful as smoking. |
B.Loneliness is taken seriously by the public. |
C.Loneliness is more dangerous than obesity. |
D.Loneliness is targeted in public health campaigns. |
A.Agreed with. | B.Varied with. | C.Contradicted. | D.Inspired. |
A.To discuss health problems. | B.To present findings of a recent study. |
C.To warn people about social media use. | D.To show threats to Americans’ health. |
【推荐3】Who do you count as your friends? From our BFF to a workmate, it’s good to have someone to chew the fat with or offer comfort and support. But the recent lockdown we have endured has made of us question our friendships. We’ve fallen out of touch with friends and acquaintances. But do we actually have to restart every relationship we once had? It might be time to take stock and think about who you kept in touch with, who you missed talking to, and who you didn’t. In short, maybe it’s time to reset your list of real mates.
There’s no obligation to stay friends. Bryan Lufkin says, “While people have known for years that friendships are unquestionably good for your health, experts say it’s only natural for acquaintances and even friends to fall by the wayside as time goes on.”
Of course, it can be hard to choose who’s in your friendship circle. This is what Suzanne Degges-White, professor of counselling at Northern Illinois University, calls our “friendscape”. She says. “In life, as we go through certain stages and ages, our attention shifts, and we want to be around people who are like us.”
So, changing friends is normal, but we still need those special pals who have known us long term. These are friendships we invest time in. These are your inner circle of friends—your “shoulders to cry on”—and you have to see them at least once a week to keep them in that circle. The friends that do drift are mostly “friendships of convenience”. But the advice for maintaining a good friendship is to share how you feel with someone you trust—this can help strengthen your friendship as well as giving you both a chance to support each other.
1. What could we do about friendships in the recent lockdown?A.Recover our friendships. | B.Reflect on our friendships. |
C.Develop new friendships. | D.Put an end to our friendships. |
A.Some friendships will not necessarily stay for life. |
B.Some friendships might not be good for our health. |
C.True friendships will surely survive the long years. |
D.True friendships develop naturally as time goes by. |
A.Friends at the same life stages. | B.Friends with the same interests. |
C.Friends always staying around. | D.Friends living in neighboring areas. |
A.Cry on our friends’ shoulders. | B.Change inner circle friends. |
C.Devote time to true friendships. | D.Suit our friends’ conveniences. |