1 . A high school soccer player leaps into the air, hits the ball with his head and directs it to a teammate. Amid today’s growing awareness surrounding head injuries in sports, would wearing helmets protect the teen and prevent a possible concussion(脑震荡)?
Almost not. Two top doctors who specialize in sports helmet injuries—Dr. James Robinson and Dr. Larry Lemak, founders of Lemak Sports Medicine, said that there was no good scientific evidence that helmets could reduce the rate of concussion. Both of them regarded proper training, not helmets, as the best concussion prevention for soccer players.
That doesn’t mean there’s no need to worry about soccer concussions. For boys soccer, concussions accounted for 23 percent of all game injuries and 10 percent of all practice injuries, according to the study. For girls soccer, the study found concussions accounted for 36 percent of game injuries and 31 percent of practice injuries.
Knowing that, why isn’t a helmet useful? Isn’t some protection better than none at all? The doctors outlined several reasons helmets provide little protection.
First, wearing a helmet makes the head heavier. A heavier upper part may be more dangerous to the beginners. Secondly—and perhaps most importantly for girls, whose neck muscles are often weaker than boys—a helmet makes the head heavier. Imagine a top-heavy head, Robinson said, which increases the risk of falls. Since girls already face a heightened concussion risk, helmets could be especially dangerous for them. Lastly wearing helmets often gives teens a false sense of security. When helmets were matedated(授权)in hockey, head injuries increased ”because they felt unbeatable. “Sometimes the kids wearing helmets are more daring,said Chad Harrelson, boys soccer coach at St. PauPs in Mobile, ‘”because they think they have that added layer of protection.,,
Both coaches and doctors agree on three main ways to prevent soccer concussions. Firstly, learn proper rules and follow norms. Players who understand soccer’s rules and behave themselves are less likely to put themselves in harm’s way. Secondly, promote proper technique. Ifs important to have players know where other players are positioned. This reduces contact and can prevent head-to-head collisions or other dangerous situations. Thirdly, strengthen neck muscles which can protect both your necks and heads.
1. What can we learn from the words of two top doctors?| A．High quality helmets are a wise choice. |
| B．Athletes need wear helmets. |
| C．Science is on the side of helmets. |
| D．Helmets provide little protection. |
| A．training is the best prevention |
| B．how girls players get injured |
| C．boys are more likely to be hurt in training |
| D．why concussion should be concerned about |
| A．Why helmets are useless. | B．How helmets work. |
| C．What causes head injuries. | D．Whom helmets are fit for. |
| A．The early examples. | B．The set standards. |
| C．The suggestions of the athletes. | D．The ways of using helmets. |
2 . Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.
Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.
| A．However, a fasted workout might not work for you. |
| B．How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity. |
| C．These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. |
| D．To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds. |
| E．Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice. |
| F．Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. |
| G．A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts. |
3 . Four Soccer Clubs for Kids in New York City
Soccer is a sport loved by many kids, families and countries. Here are four soccer clubs that are great for kids throughout New York City.
Stellar Soccer
Address: 1047 Amsterdam Ave
Stellar Soccer was created and taught by early-childhood educators. All classes are held outdoors and are for children aged 2 to 8 years old. No experience is necessary and players of all skill sets are welcome. They offer private lessons on the weekdays and public lessons on the weekends. They also have programs for boys and girls individually.
Soccer Friends USA
Address: 106-06 Queens Blvd, Forest Hills
Soccer Friends USA offers soccer programs for kids aged 18 months to 14 years old. Their philosophy is that the best way for young children to learn soccer is by having fun! Children here are able to learn the game of soccer in a non-competitive environment. In order to teach kids how to play, they believe as teachers they need to have good social skills and a talent for teaching.
Downtown United Soccer Club
Address: 527 Hudson St
Downtown United Soccer Club values friendship and good sportsmanship in a caring and supportive way for every player. Training is offered to players of all ages and genders (性别). They hope to develop a community that helps children develop their lifelong love for the game of soccer.
Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club
Address: Bill Brown Playground, 4475, Brooklyn
Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club provides soccer training for kids aged 3 to 15 years old. Their programs include a soccer academy (学院), as well as winter and summer camps that have indoor and outdoor facilities. Their goal is to teach young players the values of sportsmanship, teamwork, self-confidence and respect.
1. Where is Stellar Soccer?| A．In Amsterdam Ave. | B．In Forest Hills. |
| C．In Hudson St. | D．In Bill Brown Playground. |
| A．Stellar Soccer. | B．Soccer Friends USA. |
| C．Downtown United Soccer Club. | D．Coney Island Cyclones Soccer Club. |
| A．Training for all ages. | B．Winter and summer camps. |
| C．A non-competitive environment. | D．Programs for boys and girls individually. |
4 . Below is a list of activities that will get you excited and add a bit of fun into your schedule at the same time.
Ready, set, play!
Join a team sport
Playing sport as part of a team can help you get active while making friends and feeling part of your community. This list of links will lead you through to sports clubs and fixtures across the state, or you can use the My Community directory to search for your sport of choice.
Make date night active night
Date night (or any time you hang with loved ones or friends) doesn’t have to be spent sitting in a cinema. Get active on your next date by going bowling, playing laser tag or paintball, or sinking balls at minigolf.
Catch and kick
Anyone with kids will know that sometimes entertaining them takes priority over looking after your own health. Kill two birds with one stone and take them to the park to kick a footy or throw a ball back and forth. Once everyone’s practised their kicking, throwing and catching skills, take things to the next level by asking them to throw or kick long and make you run for it.
Take the stairs
An oldy but a goody, taking the stairs instead of a lift is great for working the major muscle groups in the legs. It might not seem like the most fun option for a workout, but you can fit a surprising amount of activity into every day by taking the stairs whenever they are an option. And if you get hooked(喜欢上), you can even become a competitive stair climber.
1. Where is this text probably taken from?| A．Public health and wellbeing. | B．Research and reports. |
| C．News and events. | D．Strategic direction. |
| A．You have more time for morning exercise. |
| B．You have a better way of communication. |
| C．It is a way to work the major muscle in legs. |
| D．You will get an expert direction in the group. |
| A．Join a team sport | B．Take the stairs |
| C．Catch and kick | D．Make date night active night |
5 . Maintaining and Building Muscle
Staying healthy is very important, but eating well and getting active is only part of the story. Often, we forget how important it is to concentrate on building and maintaining our muscles.
With all these great reasons for strength training, there are also so many myths that stop women from doing it.
There are some easy ways to build muscle at home.
There are so many strength training exercises that are simple, easy to do at home, and great for your health. Why not give them a try? Just remember: the hardest part is getting started!
| A．Instead, they can try taking a bath o fall asleep. |
| B．People may fear it is a hard work to insist on strength training. |
| C．Of all the benefits, maybe the best part is your improved confidence. |
| D．Without leaving the comfort of your home, you are probably familiar with push-ups. |
| E．Building muscle strength does more than just help you lift heavier things and lose weight. |
| F．Women's common fear is that lifting weights will make them look too bulky. |
| G．There are also other simple ways to increase muscle strength. |
Until quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left picturing what physical effort we might make: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as a possible activity; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts isn’t considered a sport, right?
Well, here’s some good news: you're wrong! Martial arts is much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape (both physically and mentally). And it’s much less scary and much less difficult than it’s usually portrayed as in movies, so worry not, you don’t need to be the karate kid to have a blast! Let’s look at what you can usually expect from martial arts of any style.
Good martial arts generally requires you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your limbs, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head, and practice can help you learn to stay more focused in general (say, when you start your schoolwork afterwards).
Long series of choreographed (编排好的) moves (including when to breath in and out) called forms are often described as “moving meditation (冥想)” ; they’re meditative in the same way doing repeated moves is, but much more so. Martial arts practice can be as slow or as intense as you want, but it’s always extremely engaging.
Martial arts also improves your coordination, and greatly improves your posture. I have personally seen students go from slouching and knocking things over to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.
There are many styles and countless subtypes and mix-ups of martial arts. Whichever one appeals to you, know that all of them are good choices, competitive or not.
1. Why isn’t martial arts considered a sport by some people?2. What should people focus their attention on when doing martial arts?
3. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Martial arts practice is beneficial because it can not only make us more facially attractive but also help improve our mental state.
4. a) Which type of sport do you prefer, slow sports like yoga, or competitive sports like basketball? Explain why. (about 40 words)
b)Give an example of another Chinese traditional sport and introduce its advantages. (about 40 words)
