1 . Creativity is an important quality in our complex and fast-changing world, as it allows us to create new solutions for a wide range of problems and come up with fresh ideas. The question of what promotes creative ability has long been studied, and while music has previously been shown to benefit cognition(认知), little is known about how listening to music affects creative ability specifically.
To study the effect of music on creative ability, researchers had 155 participants complete questionnaires and divided them into five experimental groups. Four groups each listened to one of four different types of music that were classified as calm, happy, sad or anxious, depending on their different emotions (positive, negative) and excitement (high, low) , while the last group listened to silence.
After the music started playing, participants performed various tasks that tested their creative thinking. Participants who came up with the most original and useful solutions to a task scored higher in divergent(发散的) creativity, while participants who came up with the single best possible solution to a task scored higher in convergent(聚合的) creativity.
The researchers found that listening to happy music, which they define as classical music that is positive and high in encouragement, promotes more different creative thinking compared to silence. It is shown that the changes involved in the happy music situation may improve flexibility in thinking. As a result, additional solutions might be considered by the participants, which may not have occurred to them readily if they were performing the task in silence.
This study shows that creative ability may be improved through happy music, and further research could explore how different sounds affect creativity and it includes participants of different cultures, age groups and levels of music experience. The researchers say their study is useful, showing that listening to happy music could promote creative thinking in inexpensive and efficient ways in various scientific, educational and organisational settings.
1. How did the researchers mainly carry out their research?A.By mapping. | B.By comparison. | C.By discussion. | D.By imagining. |
A.Easily. | B.Willingly. | C.Awkwardly. | D.Toughly. |
A.It is unacceptable. | B.It can be used widely. |
C.It has no practical use. | D.It has been used in many fields. |
A.Different Music Benefits Educated People Differently |
B.Enjoying Music May Make You Feel Relaxed |
C.Music Is the Cheapest Way to Improve Yourself |
D.Listening to Happy Music May Improve Creativity |
2 . Top Music Festivals
The festival season is just kicking off, and there is a lot to look forward to in the upcoming months.
The Pitchfork Music Festival
Anyone who likes indie (独立的) music and up-and-coming artists will have an amazing time at the Pitchfork Music Festival in Chicago’s Union Park. It is an indie rock heaven where you can explore more underground and lesser-known bands than at the other big Chicago summer festival, Lollapalooza.
Date: July 14—16
Location: Chicago, Illinois, USA
Music Type: Indie rock
Price:$126—$2,700
The Essence Music Festival
No matter what time of the year it is, New Orleans is an amazing place if you love live music. The Essence Music Festival is a celebration of well-known artists like Diana Ross, Chaka Khan, and Mary J. Blige.
Date: June 29—July 2
Location: New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
Music Type: R&B, soul, rock
Price: $75—$365
The Sziget Festival
Budapest knows how to hold a party, and the Sziget Festival is one of the biggest celebrations of music and culture in all of Europe. You can expect to find favorite artists like Bad Religion and Mac DeMarco playing here during this three-day festival.
Date: August 9—11
Location: Budapest, Hungary
Music Type: Eclectic, Indie rock
Price: $70—$296
The Flow Festival
The Flow Festival is a great excuse to explore the city of Helsinki. Artists including Lana Del Rey and The XX will be playing, among many others. Come to this festival to enjoy yourselves with an earth-friendly belief.
Date: August 11—13
Location: Helsinki, Finland
Music Type: Rock, soul, jazz
Price: $106—$199
1. What do the music festivals have in common?A.They are given in the open air. |
B.They are held in the USA. |
C.They include rock music. |
D.They take place from July to August. |
A.The Essence Music Festival. |
B.The Sziget Festival. |
C.The Flow Festival. |
D.The Pitchfork Music Festival. |
A.It has the longest cultural tradition in Europe. |
B.It is home to many well-known bands. |
C.It is a city of high living costs in all of Europe. |
D.It is good at organizing entertainment events. |
Have you ever dreamed of being famous
4 . When I was a child, I began learning to play the piano, which was my favourite musical
It’s one of my biggest
This thought then led me to think that
A.room | B.performance | C.instrument | D.stage |
A.successes | B.decisions | C.regrets | D.hobbies |
A.perform | B.graduate | C.leave | D.return |
A.Actually | B.Constantly | C.Gradually | D.Suddenly |
A.disappointed | B.glad | C.astonished | D.amazed |
A.liked | B.wanted | C.needed | D.decided |
A.instructed | B.hurt | C.punished | D.respected |
A.frightened | B.moved | C.excited | D.embarrassed |
A.happiness | B.comfort | C.satisfaction | D.sigh |
A.instead | B.meanwhile | C.therefore | D.however |
A.life | B.learning | C.attitude | D.enjoyment |
A.cards | B.roles | C.sports | D.games |
A.hard | B.surprising | C.wonderful | D.complex |
A.unique | B.boring | C.common | D.similar |
A.matter | B.mean | C.report | D.appear |
5 . As I have perfect pitch (绝对音感) and started playing piano at 3 years old, it’s much natural for me to join the school’s choir when I got to college in the US.
At first, everything went pretty
It was our New Year Concert last year that
From March to May, I was
A.smoothly | B.carefully | C.deeply | D.quickly |
A.scared | B.determined | C.frustrated | D.absorbed |
A.looked out | B.pointed out | C.figured out | D.turned out |
A.normal | B.incorrect | C.perfect | D.regular |
A.pushed | B.pressed | C.selected | D.drew |
A.satisfied with | B.keen on | C.familiar with | D.eager for |
A.audition | B.joke | C.concert | D.rehearsal |
A.hoped | B.managed | C.refused | D.failed |
A.by | B.to | C.on | D.in |
A.when | B.while | C.before | D.unless |
A.respected | B.postponed | C.attached | D.appointed |
A.feature | B.hobby | C.achievement | D.request |
A.performed | B.desired | C.lacked | D.ignored |
A.launch | B.serve | C.assume | D.announce |
A.patience | B.independence | C.peace | D.pride |
6 . There have certainly been records that have been hugely popular and some of those have had a message. Can there be many songs that really did change the world? Did they really change the hearts and minds of ordinary people?
There is one, Goettingen, which did, but it’s hardly known now.
Even though France and Germany are neighbors, there was bad feeling between them 50 years ago as a result of World War Ⅱ. Into this area of hatred and anger stepped a singer with a gentle voice.
Barbara was her stage name. She took it from her Russian grandmother. She was born in Paris in 1930. She was Jewish and so a target (目标) for the Nazis. But, twenty years after the end of the Second World War, she travelled to the German city Goettingen. She fell in love with the city and its people and recorded the song Goettingen, first in French and then in German.
It moved her German audience at the theatre.The song became a hit.A street was named after her. The city gave its Medal of Honor to her. The song’s popularity made an important contribution to repairing FranceGermany relations.
One of the people in the audience was a student by the name of Gerhard Schroeder. He later became Chancellor of Germany. He said, “I was a college student when she came to sing. It went to our hearts, the start of a wonderful friendship between our countries.”
Listening to the song today, it’s easy to understand its attraction then. It is still a beautiful song of love, although it is a bit sad in parts.Barbara had much to be sad about. She was extremely frightened by the war.
In Germany, she was loved for the love she had given to the people. In France, she was a star. Streets were named after her there, too. A stamp had her face on it. When she died in 1997, 250 thousand people went to the funeral (葬礼).
Lionel Jospin, who served as Prime Minister of France from 1997 to 2002, once said, “Barbara was a woman who knew suffering and understood the suffering of others.”
1. The author raises questions in the first paragraph to ________.A.introduce the topic | B.expect an answer |
C.criticize some songs | D.support his argument |
A.She was born in Russia. |
B.She was a popular German singer. |
C.She had suffered a lot during World War. |
D.She came to Germany soon after World War Ⅱ. |
A.is a very cheerful song |
B.was first recorded in German |
C.helped bring France and Germany closer |
D.was more popular in Germany than in France |
A.Barbara died in her eighties |
B.a French city was named after Barbara |
C.Barbara once appeared on Germany stamps |
D.Lionel Jospin believed Barbara was a caring lady |
7 . What’s On?
Electric Underground
7.30pm-1.00am Free at the Cyclops Theatre
Do you know who’s playing in your area? We’re bringing you an evening of live rock and pop music from the best local bands. Are you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract? If so, come early to the talk at 7.30 pm by Jules Skye, a successful record producer. He’s going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.
Gee Whizz
8.30pm-10.30pm Comedy (喜剧)at Kaleidoscope
Come and see Gee Whizz perform. He’s the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy scene. This joyful show will please everyone, from the youngest to the oldest. Gee Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7.00pm for drinks and snacks(快餐).
Simon’s Workshop
5.00pm-7.30pm Wednesdays at Victoria Stage
This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do comedy. The workshop looks at every kind of comedy, and practices many different ways of making people laugh. Simon is a comedian and actor who has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy. His workshops are exciting and fun. An evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.
Charlotte Stone
8.00pm-11.00pm Pizza World
Fine food with beautiful jazz music; this is a great evening out. Charlotte Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD, with James Pickering on the piano. The menu is Italian, with excellent meat and fresh fish, pizzas and pasta(面食). Book early to get a table. Our bar is open all day, and serves cocktails, coffee, beer, and white wine.
1. Who can help you if you want to have your music produced?A.Jules Skye. | B.Gee Whizz. | C.Charlotte Stone. | D.James Pickering. |
A.The Cyclops Theatre | B.Kaleidoscope | C.Victoria Stage | D.Pizza World |
A.It requires membership card. | B.It lasts three hours each time. |
C.It is run by a comedy club. | D.It is held every Wednesday. |
A.5.00pm-7.30pm. | B.7.30pm-1.00am. | C.8.00pm-11.00pm. | D.8.30pm-10.30pm. |
8 . Music is not just a set of sounds and rhythms. Its influence on brain is much deeper than any other human experience. Keep on reading to know all these amazing power of music.
A recent study suggests that preterm (早产的) babies appear to experience less pain and feed more when listening to music. Experts led by Dr. Manoj Kumar of the University of Alberta,Canada,found that music had a beneficial effect on reducing pain for preterm babies experiencing painful medical tests. It also appeared to benefit full-term babies during operations.
Many people experiencing brain damage have speech and movement-related problems. Music can help recover from brain injuries. As a different and effective treatment, doctors often advise such patients to listen to good music to improve the parts of the brain responsible for these two functions. When people with neurological (神经的) disorders hear a musical beat, it helps them to regain a balanced walk.
Though music cannot make deafness disappear, it really can stave off the loss of hearing. There was an experiment involving 163 people where 74 were musicians. Participants were asked to pass some listening tests. Musicians heard the sounds better than non-musicians, and this difference gets clearer with age. This means that a 70-year-old musician hears better than a 50-year-old non-musician, even in a noisy environment.
Besides, music mends a broken heart. It is not about a thrown-away love, but about a heart attack. The matter is that music can help people recover from a heart attack or heart operation by reducing blood pressure, slowing down the heartbeat rate, and reducing anxiety. Listening to the quality music produces positive emotions, improves the movement of blood, and expands blood vessels, thus, promoting quick recovery of the whole cardiovascular (心血管的) system.
1. How does music affect preterm babies?A.It helps develop their potential in music. |
B.It helps reduce their pain. |
C.It helps improve their hearing systems. |
D.It helps repair their neurological systems. |
A.Cause. | B.Increase. |
C.Prevent. | D.Expand. |
A.It has a positive effect on human body systems’ work. |
B.It can encourage people to do sports. |
C.It helps make a person outgoing. |
D.It helps patients recover more quickly than medicine does. |
A.People Who Can Benefit From music. |
B.The Best Time to Listen to Music. |
C.The Way to choose Quality Music. |
D.How Music Affects Our Mind and Body. |
Most people can remember important news stories clearly, whether it was the murder of President Kennedy
Morrison explains that they looked at
10 . Pharrell Williams takes a breath and considers how the past years have developed for him: ten Grammy Awards and a number of hit singles including a song that has caused countless fans to express how they are “happy”.
And the key, says the 43-year-old known simply as Pharrell, has been taking advantage of audiences’(听众的) need for heartfelt personal stories.
“I think we’ve entered a new singer-songwriter time,” said the American singer and producer. “People want a story. They want a story they can connect to. It’s not about what you have or what you don’t have; it’s more about your journey and your viewpoint that’s important to people.”
Pharrell said he noticed a change in audiences’ tastes over the past year in particular with the sudden success of his song Happy, which received little fanfare upon its release but has turned into an international hit. Countless videos populate sites like YouTube with people from Portugal and China to Abu Dhabi and Iran singing and dancing along to the song.
After seeing how far his song travelled, the singer broke down in tears during a televised interview with the famous talk show host Oprah Winfrey.
“It’s just encouraging to people who have something to say, something to express,” he said.
The success has made Pharrell realize that people are searching for personal and emotional links(情感纽带), perhaps as a means of getting away from the modern technological world we’re living in today.
“People want to feel. There’s too much thinking to deal with,” the singer said. “We’re different from what we were 15 years ago. The only thing that reminds(提醒) us we are humans is feeling. It’s the most important thing ever.”
1. What’s the key to successful music according to Pharrell?A.Writing happy songs. | B.Following your heart. |
C.Telling moving stories. | D.Sharing personal experiences. |
A.It received a cold welcome. | B.It became popular overnight. |
C.It changed audiences’ tastes in music. | D.It received different responses at home and abroad. |
A.It was caused by good luck. | B.It was within his expectations. |
C.It gave him hope and confidence. | D.It prevented him giving up making music. |