1 . Every minute, every single day, about a truckload of plastic enters the ocean.     1     And to date, only 9% of that has been recycled.

We buy a bottle of water, drink it for a few minutes, and throw its permanent packaging (包装) “away”. We eat potato chips, finish them, then throw their permanent packaging “away”. We buy produce, take it out of the unnecessary plastic wrap, then throw its permanent packaging “away”.

The cycle is endless, and it happens countless times every single day.     2     As far as we try to toss a piece of plastic out — whether it’s into a recycling bin or not — it does not disappear. Chances are, it ends up polluting our communities, the ocean or waterways in some form.

For years, we’ve been told the problem of plastic packaging can be solved through better individual action.     3     But the truth is that we cannot recycle our way out of this mess.

Recycling alone will never stop the flow of plastic into the ocean; we have to get to know the source of the problem and slow down the production of all the plastic waste. Think about it: if your home was flooding because you had left the tap on, your first step wouldn’t be to start mopping. You’d first cut the flooding off at its source — the tap.     4    

We need corporations — those like the Coca-Cola company, Unilever, Starbucks and Neatle that continue to produce throwaway (一次性的) plastic bottles — to step up and take responsibility for the mess they’ve created.     5     We will continue to do our part, but it’s time for the world’s largest corporations to do theirs.

A．This is their problem to deal with.

B．Plastic pollution is becoming very serious.

C．But here is the problem — there is no “away’’.

D．In some ways, our plastic problem is no different.

E．We think that if we simply recycle we’re doing our part.

F．It’s impossible for us to get rid of plastic pollution completely.

G．Since the 1950s, some 8.3bn tons of plastic have been produced worldwide.

3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

This year marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A half-century ago, activists       1    (walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in       2    (respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment,     3    (lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of color and poor people are often the first       4     (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps,       5     there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.

But you don’t have to be an activist to make       6    difference—in fact there are many tiny everyday       7    (effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn’t start with Earth Day and indigenous people (原住民) protecting the earth as     8    (they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the   climate crisis this way and take it       9     (serious) as well. It isn’t just polar bears and plastic bags     10    an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.

5 . More than one-third of the world‘s food is wasted or thrown away, most of which ends up in landfills, producing very large amounts of planet-warming greenhouse gases. Now, many studies show that it is becoming harder to grow enough food to feed an increasing population due to climate change and soil degradation.

But one of the most promising and simplest solutions lies in the problem itself: this wasted food — if composted (制堆肥) — could slow climate change and improve soil quality. Higher-quality soil also continues to absorb more carbon from the atmosphere, helping to improve plants and contributing further to fighting climate change. Returning one ton of organic matter to each hectare of soil would increase the production of cereal crops each year in Africa, Asia and South America by millions of tons.

While it is true that people can compost in their yards, community gardens, or even on their kitchen counters, larger-scale efforts, including infrastructure (基础设施) and incentives (激励) for consumers, would take it to the next level. Imagine if consumers could just leave unwanted food in a roadside bin for pickup, or drop it off at a local store, earning a few cents a bucket, just like what has been offered for recycling bottles or newspapers.

Moreover, in the case of composting, the payment incentive system would be great because the end-product of compost can be sold to farmers, making it an economically workable model, something that is often lacking in recycling, especially for certain materials, like many types of plastics.

Eventually, more widespread composting of food would pave the way for solutions to additional waste challenges, such as the disposal of packaging and clothing. This will have other positive effects as well; if more consumers compost, companies will be more inspired to make and use compostable packaging, clothing, and other products. While more compostable items are starting to emerge today, additional composting will further drive demand and innovation, and offer a game-changing solution for the planet.

1. What can be concluded from paragraph 1?

A．The great impact of climate change on food.

B．The burden of population growth on the planet.

C．The uneven distribution of food around the world.

D．The urgency of properly dealing with wasted food.

2. What can be learned about the approach to composting wasted food?

A．It is only workable on a small scale.

B．It would take a long term to have an effect.

C．It may raise people’s awareness of reducing food waste.

D．It requires comprehensive efforts to achieve a better effect.

3. What does the author think of the payment incentive system of composting food?

A．It is highly profitable.	B．It is easy to carry out.
C．It is a sustainable economic cycle pattern.	D．It is more effective than other recycling systems.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．How Wasted Food Could Be Reduced	B．How Wasted Food Could Impact Humans
C．How Wasted Food Could Save the Planet	D．How Wasted Food Could Become a Business

6 . 假定你是李华，寒假期间计划参加春晖社区社会实践活动。请给你班国际生Alex写封邮件邀他一同前往，内容包括：
1.活动时间及地点；
2.活动内容：环保宣传、垃圾分类等；
3.活动意义。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
4.参考词汇：社区 community 社会实践 social practice垃圾分类 garbage classification
Dear Alex,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7 .     1       However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses（球场）in good condition.     2     For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

    3     Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don't have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit.     4     Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements（代替物）for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces.     5     And best of all, it’s free.

A．It will cost you a lot.

B．This causes major environmental effects.

C．There are many environment-friendly sports.

D．Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature.

E．If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones.

F．There is no special requirement for you to start your membership.

G．More and more people are concerned about environmental protection.

8 . China is known for its long history, rich culture, and cute pandas. It’s also known for some of the worst air quality in the world. But the Asian country is now using a natural weapon against air pollution — trees.

In February, China’s government announced plans to cover at least 32,400 square miles with forest. That is about the size of Ireland. Some 60,000 soldiers will take charge of the tree-planting program. Most of the trees will be planted in Hebei Province. That is an area surrounding China’s capital, Beijing.

Huang Wei is an environmentalist who works for Greenpeace East Asia. She is optimistic about the plan. “Trees act as a sink to absorb carbon dioxide and other pollutants,” she said. Carbon dioxide is a gas that traps the Earth’s heat. It contributes to global warming.

Why is China’s air filled with harmful chemicals? It’s because the country relies on coal-fired power plants. When coal is burned, PM2.5 is produced. PM2.5 is a pollutant. It can cause shortness of breath, heart attacks, and even death.

Just two years ago, pollution levels were so high in Beijing that schools and factories had to close. Huang hopes China’s tree-planting plan will reduce the nation’s suffering from air pollution.

The Chinese government is getting help from others in its drive to make the nation greener. Stefano Boeri is an Italian architect and urban planner. He is leading an effort to plant vertical (垂直的) forests in China.

Boeri’s designs have already taken root in the city of Nanjing, China. That’s where the Nan-jing Green Towers are under construction. The building has two towers. Thousands of trees and hanging plants will grow on the balconies and rooftops.

Boeri says his goal is to design buildings that help the environment and improve air quality. He also hopes to encourage a new generation of green architects.

1. What measure is China taking to improve the air quality according to the passage?

A．Planting more tress.

B．Closing the electricity factories.

C．Forbidding people to burn coal.

D．Designing new buildings.

2. What does Huang Wei think of the new plan?

A．Doubtful.	B．Uncertain.
C．Promising.	D．Ineffective.

3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to “contributes to” in paragraph 3?

A．Adapts to.	B．Results in.
C．Refers to.	D．Concentrates on.

4. Why is Stefano Boeri invited to China to design buildings?

A．Because his design can keep the polluted air outside the house.

B．Because his buildings are built in forest.

C．Because his design is special with two towers.

D．Because his design is environmentally friendly.

9 . ''It can't be done. '' Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first proposed a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.

Slat, who grew up in the city of Delft in the Netherlands, was on a diving trip in Greece three years ago when he was deeply impressed by plastic. ''There were more plastic bags than fish, '' he says. ''That moment I realized it was a huge issue and that environmental issues are really the biggest problems my generation will face. ''

That fall, Slat, then 17, decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project. Soon, Slat learned that no one had yet come up with practical way to clean up this massive garbage patches. Most proposed solutions involved ''fishing'' up the plastic using ships equipped with nets—which, as Slat discovered, would likely take more than 1,000 years, cost too much, let off too much sea life along with the trash.

Slat proposed an alternative that mostly avoided these problems: a solar-powered system using a floating plastic tube which will go around the garbage and trap it is 600 meters long. Wind, waves and ocean currents will push the trash toward the tube. A ship will pick up the trash and take it back to the shore. Best of all, Slat predicted his system could clean up the North Pacific Garbage Patch within five to 10 years.

The following, Slat entered the aerospace engineering program at the Delft University of Technology and officially announced his ocean cleanup concept at TEDxDelft. But nothing much moved forward.

Slat organized a team of volunteers and employees for The Ocean Cleanup, which now numbers about 100. In answer to opposition, Slat and his team raised $100,000 from a crowd funding campaign and began testing a 40-meter collecting barrier near the Azores Islands last March.

Over the next three to four years, Slat will push toward a fully operational large-scale project by testing a series of longer and longer barriers.

1. What inspired the boy to study plastic pollution?

A．One of his high school projects.

B．Others' opposition to his proposal.

C．Humans’ failure in cleaning up the ocean.

D．The shockingly heavy plastic pollution in ocean.

2. What can we say about Slat's design?

A．It is powerful but only used in California and Hawaii.

B．It is huge but causes great damage to sea lives.

C．It makes full use of natural forces and is friendly to nature.

D．It was welcomed by all the public and worked very well.

3. What hasn't Slat done to make his idea into reality?

A．Presenting his idea at TEDxDelft.

B．Raising funds with his team.

C．Doing test.

D．Stopping plastic from washing into the ocean.

4. What does the author mainly do in this article?

A．Explain a strange idea.	B．Introduce a fascinating person.
C．Describe a social phenomenon.	D．Praise a point of view.

10 . Just a year ago, the colors were bright under the waves. Now it’s gray — the Maldivian reef is dead. The coral is killed by the pressure of rising temperatures.

Coral reefs are areas underwater where small creatures live. The coral is hard material formed on the bottom of the sea by the skeletons of those creatures. But the world has lost about half its coral reefs in the last 30 years. Scientists are working to prevent their destruction. Due to global warming, over 90 percent of corals are expected to die by 2050. “To lose coral reefs is to fundamentally undermine the health of a very large proportion of the human race,” said Ruth Gates, director of the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology.

Why are coral reefs important? Coral reefs support a fourth of all marine species, as well as half a billion people worldwide. They serve as barriers to protect coastlines from the storms. They provide billions of dollars from tourism, fishing and other trade. They are also used in medical research for cures for diseases. “Everyone should be concerned,” said biologist Ove Guldberg at Australia’s University of Queensland. “This is not just some distant dive destination. This is the basic structure of the ecosystem we depend on.”

The ocean is getting warmer. A rising temperature of just one to two degree Celsius can force coral to expel the algae (驱逐海藻) that live there. This leaves their white skeletons uncovered. It is a process called “bleaching”. Sixteen percent of the world’s corals died of bleaching in 1998. The problem has become much worse in recent years.

“We’ve lost 50 percent of the reefs, but that means we still have 50 percent left,” said Ruth Gates, who is working in Hawaii to breed corals that can better withstand increasing temperatures. She is also trying to “train” corals to survive rising temperatures. Gates says it is time to start “thinking outside the box”— find creative ways to help them.

1. What does the underlined word “undermine” in paragraph 2 mean?

A．Regain	B．Weaken
C．Promote	D．Develop

2. What can we learn from Ove Guldberg’ words?

A．People won’t find a dive destination in the future.

B．The effort to save corals will turn out to be fruitless.

C．The bright sea has lost its charm because of those dead corals.

D．The destruction of coral reefs will affect the earth ecosystem.

3. What’s the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The harm of algae.	B．The importance of coral reefs.
C．The process of “bleaching”.	D．The change of ocean temperature.

4. What is Ruth Gates’ attitude towards the protection of corals？

A．Worried	B．Positive
C．Casual	D．Curious