1 . How did Cape Town, South Africa, get into a Day Zero situation—when the city’s taps would go dry because its reservoirs (水库)would become dangerously low on water? The city gets its water from six reservoirs in Western Cape province, which usually
Cape Town is not
In the U.S., the situation is somewhat better, but many urban centers still
A.take over | B.fill up | C.make off | D.set out |
A.decreased | B.rose | C.remained | D.drowned |
A.likelihood | B.proportion | C.demand | D.efficiency |
A.architecture | B.agriculture | C.economy | D.conservation |
A.policy | B.growth | C.crisis | D.change |
A.enough | B.possible | C.difficult | D.alone |
A.making up for | B.resulting from | C.taking advantage of | D.looking into |
A.In a word | B.By comparison | C.What’s worse | D.For example |
A.avoid | B.solve | C.discuss | D.face |
A.passive | B.purposeful | C.adaptable | D.reliable |
A.Similarly | B.Fortunately | C.Initially | D.Alternatively |
A.questionable | B.memorable | C.effective | D.confusing |
A.daily | B.legal | C.maximum | D.normal |
A.neglect | B.lack | C.provide | D.find |
A.drink | B.pour | C.place | D.record |
In their spare time, most young people like to enjoy
In college, Li actively took part in field research. After graduation, he joined a gibbon protection organization where what he mainly needs to do is
Like Li, Chu Wenwen, 27, has also worked to protect animals. As her father is engaged
According to Fan Pengfei,
3 . Many poor children in Africa struggle on tuition for an education. However, a new school has been asking their pupils to pay for classes with
Every week, students
Parmita and Mazin, the couple
Now, the plastic is being collected and recycled at the school’s own recycling center. The school
Furthermore, the school’s older students can work part-time at the center as an additional source of
Now the school owns over 100 students
A.working hours | B.farm products | C.plastic waste | D.burned trash |
A.leaving | B.attending | C.finishing | D.damaging |
A.taking in | B.spreading out | C.attached to | D.filled with |
A.collected | B.borrowed | C.explored | D.counted |
A.anxious | B.grateful | C.responsible | D.qualified |
A.changed | B.inspired | C.prohibited | D.recommended |
A.stand | B.enjoy | C.observe | D.control |
A.as if | B.although | C.because | D.in case |
A.consequently | B.obviously | C.eventually | D.commonly |
A.buries | B.removes | C.throws | D.recycles |
A.single | B.straight | C.large | D.twisted |
A.income | B.credits | C.scores | D.trash |
A.of | B.at | C.between | D.from |
A.efficient | B.creative | C.skillful | D.respected |
A.teachers | B.beggars | C.partners | D.students |
4 . Growing up, my grandparents bought a second home among a small forest in Arkansas and would bring me there every single summer. I would spend a lot of time outside there following my grandfather around while he did yard work. We would collect cool-looking rocks and refill the hummingbird feeders.
I always remember my grandparents calling me over to the window when a deer family was in the yard or a few hummingbirds were at the feeders so that I could watch them. I would explore around in the yard by myself sometimes to look for interesting rocks and if I was lucky I would find a turtle. If I did find a turtle, my grandfather would put it in the kiddy pool for me to observe for a few minutes. I was always amazed by these creatures. After I finished observing the turtle, my grandfather would pick it back up and return it to the bush I found it in. I would watch in amazement as it slowly stuck its legs out and crawled back under.
I always felt very at peace at my grandparents’ home. It was quiet and full of interesting natural things I never got to see in Illinois. They disturbed the land around them as little as possible and didn’t see it as nuisance (令人讨厌的东西), rather a beautiful view.
As Aldo Leopold, an American scientist, puts it, we should take the time to appreciate and observe the natural world around us. When we do this, we find it brings us happiness and has a great value beyond just that of resources. Conservation(n.保护) of the natural world is important because we are dependent upon it for life. We cannot worsen such a bountiful provider at such a rate in which it will never return to anything like what it once was. Our experiences with nature are what will drive us to reach this conclusion, if only everyone took the time to really involve themselves in it.
1. What does the writer mainly talk about in Paragraph 2?A.His interest in rocks and animals. |
B.His connection with natural world. |
C.His daily routine in summer vacation. |
D.His close relationship with Grandparents. |
A.Nature. | B.Illinois. | C.The small forest. | D.Grandparents’ home. |
A.Past experiences should be treasured. |
B.Nature offers man a journey of discovery. |
C.Quality time with family is of great value. |
D.Into the nature, you will know how precious it is. |
A.Family Matters | B.On the Road | C.At One with Nature | D.The Economist |
5 . Oceans are an appealing target for renewable energy production. Waves produce 32,000 terawatt-hours of natural energy per year — for reference, the entire world uses around 23,000 terawatt-hours every year.
The advantages of wave power are clear.
But the disadvantages of wave energy are serious too. Building factories or electrical wires directly on the beach might prove challenging.
A.Wave energy still need to be explored. |
B.They are not affordable to many countries. |
C.Despite the challenges, there is a future of wave energy. |
D.Wave energy does not give off greenhouse gasses when produced. |
E.They can cause damage to sea life and the surrounding ecosystems. |
F.Maintenance for the factories in moving saltwater is very expensive. |
G.This makes electricity from wave energy a more reliable energy source. |
1. 塑料制品使用现状;
2. 塑料制品的危害;
3. 呼吁大家参与“净塑自然”活动。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为100左右:
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear schoolmates,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Students’ Union
7 . Professor Veena Sahajwalla, 2022 Australian of the year, has created a solution to our massive trash problem: waste microfactories. These little trash processors (处理器)—some as small as 500 square feet— house a series of machines that recycle waste and transform it into new materials with thermal technology. The new all-in -one approach could leave our current recycling processes in the dust.
In 2018 she launched the first microfactory, establishing a model of recycling that enables businesses and communities to develop commercial opportunities while addressing local waste problems. A second one began recycling plastics in 2019. Now, her lab group is working with university and industry partners to commercialize their patented Microfactory technology. “The small scale of the machines will make it easier for them to one day operate on renewable energy, unlike most large manufacturing plants. The approach will also allow cities to recycle waste into new products on location, avoiding the long, often international, high-emission journeys between recycling processors and manufacturing plants. With a microfactory, gone are the days of needing separate facilities to collect and store materials, extract (提取) elements and produce new products,” says Sahajwalla.
Traditionally, recycling plants break down materials for reuse in similar products-like melting down plastic to make more plastic things. Sahajwalla’s invention advances this idea by taking materials from an old product and creating something different. “The kids don’t look like the parents,” she says. Sahajwalla refers to this process as “the fourth R,” adding “re -form” to the common phrase “reduce, reuse, recycle”.
Professor Veena Sahajwalla’s programs help to develop innovation and promote cooperation with industry, ensuring that sustainable materials and processes become commercially practical solutions for dealing with waste.
1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To introduce a new type of trash processor. |
B.To introduce the process of recycling waste. |
C.To prove the seriousness of the trash problem. |
D.To show the current situation of trash recycling. |
A.The founding of waste microfactories. |
B.The influences of waste microfactories. |
C.The advantages of waste microfactories. |
D.The shocking scale of waste microfactories. |
A.Extracting materials from the waste. |
B.Generating new materials with waste. |
C.Updating the whole recycling process. |
D.Transforming waste into similar products. |
A.A fiction novel. | B.A business report. |
C.A science magazine. | D.A chemical textbook. |
8 . Imagine a new smartphone product. It works the same as any other smartphone, but when dropped, those cracks that appear after an annoying fall slowly begin to fade away, and the phone magically repairs itself、A team of researchers led by chemistry professor Takuzo Aida have found a way to create self-repairing plastics that can be used in smartphones, cars and other products. But their new plastics won’t only be used to create unbreakable products, but also help the fight against growing wastes harming the planet.
91% of plastic is non-recyclable and filling Earth with waste. The increasing plastic in landfills is a growing concern due to its negative environmental impact. In 2019 about only9% of plastics were recycled globally, leading Japanese scientists to seek to find plastic that can start its own formation or self-repair.
The self-repairing plastics are made by adding a tiny amount of a specialized substance into ordinary plastic to hold the monomers (单体) together by hydrogen bonds (氢键). When the new plastic is broken down by heat, instead of burning to waste, the hydrogen bonds mix and allow for the formation of special shaped monomers to create a foundation for more monomers to layer on and rebuild itself. The team found that their self-healing plastic was able to automatically repair at room temperature over an hour to regain its durability.
The team’s work suggests great prospects for the future of plastic. “The technique could lead to the development of a made-to-last plastic that does not need to be recycled,” lead professor Aida said at the conference, “and can one day be in products from smartphones to cars and even buildings.”
1. What is the special feature of the new plastics?A.Hard to break. | B.Cheap to produce. |
C.Good to health. | D.Easy to recycle. |
A.Global warming. | B.Industrial needs. |
C.Economic crisis. | D.Green awareness. |
A.Its social effect. | B.Its main function. |
C.Its working principle. | D.Its economic value. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Favorable. | C.Disapproving. | D.Unconcerned. |
9 . Overlooking the Davis—Gant Varsity Soccer Field, a bed of overturned soil waits for further development. In a few years, this area will become a natural habitat and a playground for animals and residents. This peaceful area didn’t appear naturally, but through planning and action taken by Catlin Gabel’s Tiny Forest project launched by teacher Patrick Walsh.
Forests typically take hundreds of years to mature, with four stages of growth. “Tiny forests flatten out time through the planting of all four layers (层),” Walsh explained. The end result is a fast-growing, native forest in about 20 years. Over 600 plants from 43 species will be planted in the tiny forest, the first one in Oregon.
Walsh was inspired to build a tiny forest after hearing about this idea, which emerged in Japan and has taken hold in North America. He shared his vision with seniors in his class. The seniors researched tiny forests and made a proposal resulting in Clean Water Services donating 60 trees and $5,000 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Armed with these resources, Walsh and the students started working. “Something I didn’t really expect was the outpouring of students’ enthusiasm. Seeing students from all grades volunteered to contribute to the ‘dirty work’ really blew me away,” Walsh said.
Senior Megan Cover has been at the school since the first grade. “I’ll graduate after working on this project, which is surely sad, but it’s really rewarding and great to be a part of this project and to do my bit. We’re creating this educational space for many young kids,” Cover said.
Walsh summed up his goal of the project, which is to build a place where students can enjoy and learn about nature. “The forest will obviously not solve climate change, but it will deserve the efforts if the kids think about climate change and remember the importance of reforestation and trees when they look outside at the forest.”
1. What is special about tiny forests?A.They originated in North America. | B.They are usually planted in schools. |
C.They contain various types of trees. | D.They become mature in a shorter time. |
A.The abundance of native tree species. | B.Public concern about the environment. |
C.The active participation of students. | D.Support from local organizations. |
A.Proud. | B.Regretful. | C.Grateful. | D.Disappointed. |
A.A model. | B.A reminder. | C.A resource. | D.A witness. |
10 . Mount Qomolangma, meaning “Holy Mother” in Tibetan, is the world’s highest mountain above sea level. No wonder most people consider climbing to its top as one of their biggest achievements. More than 4, 000 climbers, ranging from 13 to 80 years old, have managed to reach the top. Three people from the Sherpa community hold the current record at 21 times each!
You may be surprised at these numbers but that’s just the start of it. Last year, cleanup crews collected as much as 8. 4 tons of garbage from Mount Qomolangma’s North Base Camp in Tibet at 5,150 meters. And in the regions below that level, more than 335 tons of waste was collected. What a sad fact it is that the highest mountain in the world is turning into the highest mountain of trash!
To reverse the trend, the Chinese government recently announced that it had closed the North Base Camp to tourists. From now on, ordinary tourists will only be able to travel as far as Rongbuk Monastery, about 5, 000 meters above sea level. No more than 300 climbers with special permits will be allowed to climb Qomolangma each year. They are supposed to follow stricter rules, including carrying all their waste out with them and only climbing in spring.
Despite these tough measures, it is clear that tourism has caused enormous damage to the natural environment. Mount Qomolangma is not alone. Some popular parks around the world are also struggling to preserve their environments and keep up with increased tourism. Yellowstone National Park in the U.S. has long been troubled by the overflowing trash piles. Joshua Tree National Park suffered a wave of vandalism (破坏), with graffiti sprayed on rocks and ancient trees destroyed. In order to protect the environment, the National Park Service had no choice but to close the park temporarily.
As we can see, the natural environment can be destroyed by human activities in less than five minutes, but it might take hundreds of years to recover. Now it’s time for ordinary tourists to leave “Holy Mother” alone and wait for her to restore her beauty.
1. Why are the figures listed about Qomolangma in paragraph 2?A.To describe it is extremely vast and high. |
B.To show it is difficult to collect trash there. |
C.To indicate it is a popular tourist attraction. |
D.To illustrate it is suffering serious pollution. |
A.Fit with. | B.Follow up. | C.Turn around. | D.Speed up. |
A.Developing its tourism. | B.Reducing human activities. |
C.Forbidding any entry in spring. | D.Building more base camps. |
A.Environment. | B.Society. | C.Tourism. | D.Education. |