1 . On the top of millions of homes and offices, affordable and efficient solar panels provide further smaller-scale- electricity during daylight hours. People drive zero-emission (排放) cars that were developed like Audi and BMW which run on hydrogen fuel—created using solar energy which turns waste water into hydrogen and oxygen. Solar energy is potential power in the continuous sunlight of space.

The idea of solar power and its potential to be Earth’s giant power source has roots way back before the threat of climate change and using up petrol. The first idea of solar energy was developed back in 1883, when writer Isaac Asimov published a 1941 story, describing a space station beaming down vast amounts of solar energy using microwave beams. US scientist Peter Glaser drew up plans in 1968 to make Asimov’s dreams a reality, only to be stopped by the technological limitations of the time.

But technologies for a solar-powered world are here today, quieting critics who claim global solar power will never overcome issues over long-distance transmission from sunny to less sunny areas, or find storage solutions to allow it to carry on making power when it gets dark.

China, for instance, is already building high-voltage power lines to spread output across the country from quickly developing solar power facilities. The first three months of 2015, alone, saw the Asian giant add 5 gigawatts (千兆瓦) of solar capacity to the entire solar supply of major European nation like France.

Storage solutions already being used worldwide have successfully proved the working of two methods. One uses solar energy to create melt salts, whose heat-keeping qualities allow them to provide the power to drive electricity turbines (涡轮机) through the night. Other solar plants, meanwhile, are using the sun’s rays to compress gas that is then released after dark to drive those turbines.

1. Why are developed Audi and BMW called zero-emission cars?

A．They run on the energy made from electricity.

B．They can be powered by using gases and winds.

C．They can be driven by the energy from solar panels.

D．They use hydrogen fuel made from waste water by solar energy.

2. What prevented Peter Glaser from realizing Asimov’s dreams?

A．Solar energy’s high cost.	B．Technological limitations.
C．Lack of experience on solar power.	D．Other scientists’ disagreement.

3. What can we know about solar power?

A．It is only used in sunny areas.	B．It is hardly used in less sunny areas.
C．It can be transmitted long distance.	D．It can never be made in dark conditions.

4. What is the best title of this text?

A．Solar Energy Is Widely Used	B．How To Store Solar Energy
C．Solar Energy—a Potential Power	D．Technologies Limit Solar Energy

2 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Why does the woman invite the man to the beach?

A．To collect some plastic.

B．To see a whale.

C．To relax.

2. Who will deal with the garbage?

A．The community.

B．The government.

C．A recycling company.

3. What is the woman like?

A．Responsible.

B．Lazy.

C．Emotional.

3 . 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

We all agree that we should recycle more — at home, in the office or when out and about. But for materials to be recycled, they first need to find their way to the right waste stream.     1     This is what the process of sorting allows us to do.

For effective recycling we need effective sorting. And this needs to happen first, in our own home and second, in sorting plants to which waste collected from our doorstep is taken. When you put a plastic bottle in the right recycling bin, you are helping sort recyclables. So the right material can be fed into the right recycling process.     2     They can be a loss of valuable resources from our economy.

    3     For instance, in Brussels, Belgium, consumers put plastic packaging, cans and beverage cartons in blue bags designed for recyclable packaging; paper in yellow bags for recycling; and glass needs to be taken to specific collection bins. Somewhat differently, in Vienna (Austria), citizens can expect their paper, metal, glass and plastic to be separately collected in different weeks of the year.     4     In this way, they can sort their recyclables at home more effectively.

Once recyclable materials are collected from your doorstep, they are further sorted in specialized facilities which ensure the quality of the recycling process.     5     Traditionally, sorting has been done either manually with workers sorting what can be recycled and picking out the materials to be discarded or mechanically. Today, however, new technologies are being developed in order to speed up the process of sorting but to also yield better results. Exciting technologies using magnets or optical systems are being used to effectively sort materials so more of it can be recycled.

A．If sorting doesn't happen, recyclable materials can end up in landfills.

B．This is where different sorting techniques come into play.

C．In Europe, collection systems vary from country to country.

D．So citizens need to be aware of their local collection system.

E．Then they can be collected and taken to the right place for recycling.

F．The rest, though they could be recycled and reused, were landfilled or burned.

G．In recent years, Europe has seen a 25% growth in recycling secondary raw materials.

4 . Is our planet heating up? Are human beings to blame for climate change?     1     The discussion on this subject has been heated, but what are scientists actually saying? At Reader's Digest, we decided to find it out.

    2    

Yes, it has, and even warmer. Greenland was forested between 450,000 and 800,000 years ago, so temperatures were considerably warmer then. There have also been other times of relatively high temperatures.

So why does the concern exist?

It's all about the speed at which temperatures are changing.     3     But in the 20th and 21^st centuries, especially since 1976, temperatures have probably risen more quickly than during any century in the past 1 ,000 years. Warming may bring improved crop production and other benefits to northern countries such as Canada or Russia. However, many species may not adapt to these conditions, and the one that is able to may cause a problem.     4     The West Nile virus, first seen in North America nine years ago, infected about 4,000 people in the US in 2006. The mountain pine beetle, which is active during warmer winters, has already destroyed about 13 million hectares of Canada's forests, worth an estimated $6. 4 billion.

What is causing the warming?

IPCC has concluded that human activity is very likely responsible, by increasing the concentra-tions of greenhouse gases and thus the greenhouse effect.     5     They argue the human contribution is nothing.

A．Some scientists, however, still disagree.

B．Has the planet ever been this warm before?

C．Has human behavior made the planet warm?

D．Temperatures have been changing all the time.

E．In the past, temperatures moved up or down gradually.

F．Mosquitoes have been moving northwards to higher places.

G．These questions have burst into newspapers, films and popular books.

5 . 假定你是李华。David是你的美国笔友。他对中国鼓励使用环保购物袋很感兴趣，来信向你询问此事。请你给他写封回信，主要内容如下：
1. 感谢他的关注；2. 简要介绍相关情况；3. 谈谈你的感想。
参考词汇：环保购物袋 environment-friendly shopping bag
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear David,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . In New York, students at 18 schools participate in a program called We Future Cycle. Started by Anna Giordano in 2014, it teaches kids to recycle, compost(堆肥), and reduce food waste.

Lunch areas at the participating schools are equipped with three clearly marked bins – compost, recycle and share. While the first two are common in schools, the third is rare, where kids can put their unwanted drinks, fruits, and even untouched sandwiches. Items in the container are available for any student that wants them. Whatever remains at the end of the day is donated to the food bank. Giordano says the three bins have helped reduce the number of trash bags from an average of 22 to just 2!

To ensure kids adopt similar habits at home, the non-profit has created extensive curriculum to educate families about the importance of sorting waste into the proper streams of recycling, composting, trash and food to donate They also urge parents to have open conversations with their kids about food choices.

But, as we’re all aware, kids aren’t the only ones that waste food - Adults are equally bad, if not worse! To prevent that, Josh Treuhaft founded Salvage Supper club in 2014. The occasionally organized dinners promise people a tasty multi-course meal for a mere $50 USD per person. It is also a plan to save waste because the delicious food is made from vegetables that are past their prime and, therefore, headed for the trash bin.

The other catch? Customers have to eat their meals inside a dumpster（大型垃圾装卸车）! The place, of course, is totally clean. It is just a symbolic gesture. In addition to helping people rethink their actions, Treuhaft also helps them do good by donating part of the profits to non-profits devoted to fighting against food waste.

1. What is the aim of We Future Cycle?

A．To collect money and food for poor children.

B．To educate children to treasure and save food.

C．To encourage children to share food with others.

D．To inspire children to learn agriculture knowledge.

2. Which word can be used to describe We Future Cycle?

A．Successful.

B．Official.

C．Impractical.

D．World-famous.

3. What do we know about Salvage Supper club?

A．It is mainly aimed for adults.

B．It is founded by Anna Giordano.

C．It provides free supper for people.

D．It has enjoyed great success in many schools.

4. What is the reason for people eating in a dumpster?

A．It is money- saving.

B．People like to be unique.

C．It can remind people of food waste problem.

D．A dumpster is much cleaner than a restaurant.

7 . The streets of Seville, Spain, are lined with over 48,000 attractive orange trees, producing over 16,500 tons of fruit every winter. Though that gives Seville the honor of being Europe's top orange-producing city, the fruit is too sour to be consumed fresh. Some of the produce is used to make jam, but most ends up in landfills. However, that may change soon thanks to an inventive idea to use the oranges to produce clean energy.

The pilot program is being launched by the local government and parks department in cooperation with Emasesa, Seville's water supply division. Juice obtained from 38.6 tons of oranges will be left to ferment （发酵）in an existing biogas facility. The gas released from the fermented liquid will be collected and used to drive a generator to produce clean power. The officials estimate the test run will generate about 1,500 kWh of energy — enough to run one of Emasesa's water purification plants. They say, "It's not just about saving money. The oranges are a problem for the city, and we're producing added value from waste.”

If successful, by 2023, the city hopes to recycle all the oranges and add the electricity generated back to its power system. In trial runs, 1000 kilos of oranges produced 50 kWh of clean energy — enough to satisfy the daily electricity needs of five homes.

“Emasesa is now a role model in Spain for sustainability and the fight against climate change," Espadas Cejas, mayor of Seville, said in the press conference announcing the pilot program. "This project will help us reach our targets for reducing emissions （排 放）,energy self-sufficiency, and the circular economy"

The latest attempt is among the many initiatives being carried out across Spain to achieve the country's goal of switching its electricity system to renewable sources by 2050 — and if everything goes according to plan, folly decarbonizing its economy shortly after that.

1. How are oranges on Seville's street trees mostly treated?

A．Be thrown away as garbage.	B．Be made into jam.
C．Be brought to market.	D．Be consumed fresh.

2. What is the officials' attitude to the program mentioned?

A．Critical.	B．Conservative.
C．Positive.	D．Concerned.

3. What can we infer from the text?

A．Seville's orange trees will be replaced.

B．Emasesa sets an example in saving water.

C．Emasesa's residents are using clean energy.

D．Spain is determined to develop alternative energy.

4. What's the purpose of this text?

A．To draw attention to urban waste.

B．To promote research into orange juice.

C．To show a trend towards sustainable energy.

D．To introduce an innovative electricity-making project.

8 . 请认真阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

As global fast-food chains and coffee shops begin phasing out(逐步淘汰) single-use plastic straws, McDonald’s China introduced a “strawless” lid(盖子) for cold beverages at 10 Beijing restaurants on Nov.1,2018.

Like many consumers, Wu Yanmei, a bank clerk in Beijing, had never thought about the impact a simple straw could have on the environment. “Actually, I don’t like using straws, but the cups at fast-food restaurants are all designed for use with a straw,” she said. “I don’t think straws are necessary, so the moves are a good way to raise people’s awareness of not using single-use plastic products.”

However, Jiang Jianguo, a professor of environmental studies at Tsinghua University, said he doubts such activities alone can have a major effect on the global pollution problem.“I don’t think the move by McDonald’s will be a success because previously there were lots of hotels calling for a ban on single-use plastics, but it ended in nothing because businesses compete by trying to make things convenient for consumers, ” he said.

写作内容：
1.用约30个单词概括上述材料的主要内容；
2.用约120词谈谈你对“快餐连锁店逐步弃用塑料吸管”的看法，并用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的看法。
写作要求：1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3.不必写标题。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9 . 假如你是高三学生李华，你们学校举行了一场演讲比赛，主题为：保护野生动物，就是保护人类自己。
请你根据人们近些年因贪吃野味导致病毒跨物种传播为例写一篇演讲稿。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.题目自拟
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10 . 语法填词

Fabien Cousteau was born with deep love for the ocean. His grandfather and his father were ocean     1     (explore) and documentary filmmakers. Today, Fabien follows in his family's footstep to protect the planet's     2    (danger) ocean life and tries     3    (strike) a balance between environmental problems and market economies.

Fabien is well known for his study of sharks. During 2000﹣2002, he created a TV special based on the shark attacks that     4    (occur) along the New Jersey shoreline in 1916. Then in 2003﹣2006,     5     the help of a large crew, Fabien created a shark submarine that enabled     6    (he) to put himself inside the shark world, providing people with a rare view of the mysterious and often misunderstood creatures.

For the next four years, Fabien was part of a series called Ocean Adventures,     7     offered a rare look into some of the most fantastic ocean species and environments.

In 2010, Fabien started a nonprofit project to help restore water ecosystems by replanting key ocean species. From June 1to July 2,2014, Fabien and his team spent 31days underwater to discover     8     climate change and pollution are affecting the oceans. Fabien's Mission 31broke new ground by going deeper, longer and farther.

Fabine is     9    ( current) working on a documentary film about the adventures of Mission 31, as well as     10    (build) an Ocean Learning Center to provide children around the world with the opportunity to learn about oceans.