1 . Today, Mount Qomolangma’s peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3500 people have
In fact, the dangerous
But the good news is
Some of that rubbish is even being used for
Interviewer: David, what do you see as the main problems with the environment?
David: Well, in a nutshell, the most
Interviewer: We've seen a lot of
David: Yes, we have. Also, scientists have found that the ice at the Poles is beginning to melt.
Interviewer: We've heard that too. Is that really happening?
David: Yes, I'm afraid it is. And at sometime in the future, the ice may melt completely. Then it's possible that the sea could rise and coastal cities like New York and Shanghai could disappear under water.
John: It sounds very
David: I couldn't agree with you more. It's scary!
Interviewer: Can you explain why the climate's getting warmer?
David: Well, I'll do my best! It's pollution that's the problem. Gases from cars enter the atmosphere and stop the sun's heat from leaving the atmosphere. And factories give out chemicals that do the same thing. So as a result, the climate is getting warmer.
Interviewer: From what I understand, carbon dioxide from cars is a
David: You're absolutely right. Carbon dioxide is the gas that does most
Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories. Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers. Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed(处理)．
There are different kinds of pollutants, each of which comes from different sources. It is necessary to identify the source of pollution, in order to make a policy to get rid of them. Different products, processes and activities of our industrialized world together form the major source of pollution.
The forms of pollution can be mainly divided into three kinds—solids，liquid and gas. These pollutants have greatly damaged our planet and continue to do so. In fact，pollution is threatening our existence. The whole ecological balance of the earth is changing. Massive destruction of environment has brought about negative effects and even posed a great threat to man’s existence.
We must face the situation that exists and take action to solve our environmental problems. For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution; the public must receive the education about the danger of pollution and raise their awareness of protecting the environment and so on.
The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and our later generations. Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems. Measures have been taken to deal with these situations by the government. And laws have been passed to stop pollution, I hope the problems will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.
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Last Sunday, my family went for walk in a nearby park. We wanted to breathe the fresh air and having fun there. However, when gone out, we found it was cloudy and smoggy (烟雾弥漫的). Only a few people were walking quick on the streets wearing their masks. I was wondering what was the matter when my little brother begins to cough loudly. Suddenly I realized that it was air pollution. So we had to go back to home that day. Smoke from cars, buses, and factories make the air dirty, that is harmful to our health. I think they all should do some thing to keep the air clean.
内容：1. 描述你所看到的情况；
2. 发表你的看法。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头与结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
I’m sorry to trouble you, but _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
Yours,
Li Ming
6 . The Great Wall, China
Stretching over 21,000 kilometers, the Great Wall was built to prevent invasions and has a history of more than 2,000 years. UNESCO in February 2019 calls it an absolute masterpiece, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction.”
But perfection isn’t protection. 51.2 percent of the Great Wall had either already disappeared or is at a significant risk of disappearing. Besides for wind and rain erosion, the main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall are human factors such as tourism, construction, human contact and so on.
Pamukkale，Turkey
Pamukkale, which means “cotton castle” in Turkish, is famous for its shining white calcite terraces (方解石阶地)with warm and mineral-rich waters overrun.
Before being listed as a World Heritage Site in 1988, Pamukkale had been severely damaged by human activities. People used hot spring water to fill swimming pools, some visitors stood on the rocks and some even bathed in the hot springs with soap and shampoo. To protect the terraces, the Turkish government has decided to pull down the hotels and require all tourists to visit this site barefoot.
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Home to 400 types of coral and 1,500 species of fish, the Great Barrier Reef draws visitors to Australia from all over the world.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is expected to suffer from increasingly frequent bleaching events, cases in which corals turn white and may die, according to a UNESCO report. The heat waves caused by global warming have killed half of the coral here in the two years, according to a CNN report. Pollution from industry developments and harmful fishing practices are also big concerns.
The Dead Sea, Jordan
At 423 meters below sea level, the Dead Sea is 10 times saltier than the ocean, meaning that the water is so dense, even tourists who can9t swim will be able to float.
But the seaside resorts built in the 1980s now sit kilometers away from the water’s edge, which has lost half of its surface area in the past 40 years. The damage is irreversible due to the nature of the mineral industry and the type of agricultural use that has drained the water.
1. Which are you required to visit without shoes?| A．The Great Wall, China. |
| B．Pamukkale, Turkey. |
| C．Great Barrier Reef, Australia. |
| D．The Dead Sea, Jordan. |
| A．Main reasons for the destruction of the Great Wall come from wind and rain erosion. |
| B．Pamukkale was damaged by human activities after 1988. |
| C．Pollution and the heat waves caused by global warming kill much coral in the Great Barrier Reef. |
| D．Half of the Dead Sea surface area has disappeared in the past two decades. |
| A．They are all famous endangered natural spots. |
| B．They’re damaged only from human activities. |
| C．They all draw the attention of the governments. |
| D．They’re all seriously damaged. |
7 . There was great excitement on the planet of Venus this week. For the first time Venusian scientists managed to land a satellite on the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs. The satellite was directed into an area known as Manhattan. Because of excellent weather conditions and extremely strong signals, Venusian scientists were able to get valuable information about the feasibility of a manned flying saucer landing on Earth. A press conference was held at the Venus Institute of Technology. "We have come to the conclusion, based on last weeks satellite landing, "Prof. Zog said, that there is no life on Earth.”
“How do you know this? "the science reporter of the Venus Evening News asked "For one thing, Earth s surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete and nothing can grow there. For another, the atmosphere is filled with carbon monoxide and other deadly gases and nobody could possibly breathe this air and survive. “Are there any other sources of danger that you have discovered in your studies?
“Take a look at this photo. You see this dark black cloud staying over the surface of Earth? We don' t know what it is made of, but it could give us a lot of trouble and we shall have to make further tests before we send a Venus Being there.”
“Over here you will notice what seems to be a river, but the satellite findings indicate it is polluted and the water is unfit to drink.”
“Sir, what are all those tiny black spots on the photographs?
We’re not certain. They seem to be metal particles that move along certain paths. They give gases, make noise and keep crashing into each other.
“Prof. Zog, why are we spending billions and billions of Zilches to land a flying saucer on Earth when there is no life there ?"
“Because if we Venusians can learn to breathe in the Earth atmosphere, then we can live anywhere.”
1. What does the underlined word feasibility in paragraph 2 mean?| A．Possibility. | B．Flexibility. | C．Simplicity. | D．Responsibility |
| A．Serious | B．Aggressive | C．Humorous | D．Frustrating |
| A．Over population. | B．Global warming. | C．Damaged forests. | D．Heavy traffic |
| A．To tell us a dream of Venusian scientists | B．To disclose the secret of life on other planets. |
| C．To persuade people to try living on the earth | D．To remind people on the earth of some crises. |
原因 | 措施 |
| 1.人口增长速度快 2.过度使用原材料 3.有害的化学物品的生产污染环境 | 1.建立法律保护环境 2.教育人们要从根本上认识到保护环境的重要性 3.污染环境的工厂要多交税 |
你的观点 | 不少于两点 |
注意：1.短文必须包括所有要点；
2.词数120字左右；
3.短文的开头已写好，不计入总词数。
Today the quality of our environment has become an important issue. The reasons are as follows.
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9 . Oil is essential for modern life. About 64 percent of the world’s oil is located in the Middle East, but the heaviest consumers of oil are Europe, America, and Japan. The problem lies in getting the oil from the countries that produce it to the countries that consume it. This is mainly done using oil tankers. Usually the oil is shipped safely and with no problems, but occasionally there is a disaster.
Every year millions of tons of oil are spilled into the ocean. Although this is only a small percentage of the total amount shipped around the world each year, this spilled oil can have terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the oil washes up onto shore.
One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989, when the Exxon Valdez tanker got stuck off the coast of Alaska, spilling 42 million liters of oil. Although it wasn’t the largest oil spill, the disaster was terrible because it occurred in such a sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker’s captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to take a rest. He gave control of the ship to another sailor, who was unfamiliar with the route. The ship ran onto Bligh Reef. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Many birds and otters died as a result of the oil covering their skin, and many other sea creatures and the animals that fed on them were also severely affected.
1. Which country is NOT among the largest consumers of oil?| A．Japan | B．Iraq |
| C．America | D．Germany |
| A．The birds. | B．The otters. |
| C．The sea creatures. | D．The birds and the otters. |
| A．The oil leak of Alaska is because the captain was unfamiliar with the route. |
| B．Many birds and otters died from eating the spilled oil. |
| C．Alaska spill was the most serious spill of all time. |
| D．Although some oil leak is not serious, it will affect ocean life. |
10 . Going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity. They went swimming in the ocean without giving a thought to what was underwater. But those days are long gone. In the summer of 1988, many of the beaches had to be closed because garbage（废料）from hospitals was found in the water. The garbage included glass bottles with samples of blood, and people were afraid they might get AIDS from the blood. At some beaches, sewage（下水道）was found in the water. Americans were shocked by this state of affairs. People didn’t think of the underwater garbage because it was out of sight.
Some of the most polluted waters still look beautiful. San Francisco Bay is a good example of a beautiful bay that’s full of chemicals. Scientists discovered pollution in some lakes and rivers when they found fish with rotting skin. People are told not to eat too much fish because of pollution. Most American cities put their garbage in the ground. But New York and a few other cities put their garbage in the ocean. Boston Harbor is so polluted that scientists say it won’t recover until the next century. The government has ordered the city to build a sewage treatment plant, Cleaning up oceans won’t be easy, but people can no longer ignore（忽视）this challenge.
1. The main idea of the article is that _____.| A．ocean waters around America have become polluted. |
| B．Americans are bringing too much garbage to the beach. |
| C．beaches were closed because Americans were shocked. |
| D．going to the beach is many American’s favorite activity. |
| A．swimmers, AIDS patients and fish. |
| B．Boston, San Francisco and New York only. |
| C．garbage, sewage and medical waste and so on. |
| D．swimmers and fishes |
| A．chemicals can be beautiful. |
| B．they have been cleaned up. |
| C．pollution is underwater or hard to see. |
| D．there are still many fish in them |
| A．the city puts its garbage in the ground |
| B．a sewage plant is built |
| C．they don’t eat too much fish |
| D．they stop polluting the water |
