4 . A child who suffers bullying(霸凌)usually has low self-esteem and ability to learn and be successful at school is greatly lessened. Therefore, bullying must be stopped.

The best and most obvious way to stop bullying in schools is for parents to change the way they raise their children at home. Of course, this is much easier said than done and everyone raises their children differently. Bullies, however, come from homes where physical punishment is used and children have been taught that physical violence is the way to handle problems and“get their way”. Bullies usually also come from homes where the parents fight a lot, so children have been modeled on such violence. Parental involvement is often lacking in bullies’ lives and there seems to be little warmth.

Early intervention(干预)is truly the best way to stop bullying, but parents of the victims or therapists(治疗师)cannot alter the bully’s home environment. Some things can be done at the school level, however. Most school programs that address bullying apply a multi-faceted method to the problem.

Hand out questionnaires to all students and teachers and discuss if bullying is occurring. Define exactly what constitutes(构成)bullying at school. The questionnaire is a wonderful tool that allows the school to see how widespread bullying is and what forms it is taking. It is a good way to start to solve the problem.

Get the children’s parents involved in a bullying program. If parents of the bullies and the victims are not aware of what is going on at school, then the whole bullying program will not be effective. Stopping bullying in school takes teamwork and concentrated effort on everyone’s part. Bullying also should be discussed during parent-teacher conferences and PTA meetings. Parental awareness is the key.

In the classroom setting. All teachers should work with the students on bullying. Oftentimes even the teacher is being bullied in the classroom and a program should be set up to teach about bullying. Children understand modeling behaviors and role-play and acting out bullying situations is a very effective tool. Have students role-play a bullying situation.

5 . Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have ________ feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common ________ between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over ________ rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their children’s refusal to help with the ________. On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for ________ the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.

The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different ________ to these problems. However, some approaches are more ________ than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but ________ clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their children’s ________. On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the ________ of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to ________ their actions.

Psychologists say that ________ is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should ________to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may ________ their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and ________ each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.

8 . During the advanced and convenient technology times, the realization is growing that we may have countless followers and friends on social media, but those in the real world are far more limited. Sharing feelings and problems in real conversations face to face is increasingly hard. Therefore, we feel lonely.     1    . This requires us to relook, reconsider and adapt. Here’s what we can do.

Connect with your own self.

Self-awareness is a key to understanding your needs and desires. Developing a conscious and mindful approach is an essential element towards ensuring there is no disconnectedness from the people who surround you.    2    .

Draw boundaries.

    3    . Doing this does not mean you are being unfriendly or irresponsible. It is a necessary reallocation of energies to provide emotional help to oneself and others.

    4    

Invest in yourself by engaging with your interests and passions. It is significant to work towards being available for people around you, but taking care of what you need is also essential.

Make time.

Do not allow time to become something missing. Learn to make full use of it and invest time in the people you love and care about.    5    . Building meaningful relationships is vital.

There has long been the expression “couch potato” in English. It refers to a lazy person     1     leads a negative lifestyle,     2    (watch) TV all day long. This phrase is used when we describe someone as “zhai”.

The expression zhai comes     3     a Japanese word “otaku”, which describes the kind of people who stay at home all the time to watch cartoons or videos.     4    (actual), zhai in Chinese means being unwilling to go out and is just a personal style of living.     5    , when the intention of staying home becomes too strong and the unwillingness of going out turns into     6    (anxious), zhai starts to be a serious problem.

According to the BBC, in 2013 one million young people in Japan just     7    (lie) on their couches at home and refused to step out. As a matter of fact, this is     8     mental condition, which Japanese call “hikikomori” or “social withdrawal”. The reason behind it is the sense of insecurity that young people have toward     9    (they) life.

Some people think that it is a shameful thing to be a homebody. But in many cases, people avoid social situations not so much out of fear, but out of the desire     10    (spend) some quality time with themselves.

10 . Liu Fang, who works as a media worker in Beijing, goes to a store specializing in selling near-expired (将要过期的) food in Sanlitun and returns with a bag of snacks or drinks every week.

“The price tags on these goods have caught my eye. They are often sold at 10 percent to 30 percent of the market price,” Liu said. “More importantly, most of them are from big brands. Why wouldn’t I love them?”

Liu is among the increasing number of Chinese people who enjoy purchasing near-expired food at much cheaper prices. According to the latest report by iiMedia Research, the near-expired food industry had a market size of over 30 billion yuan in 2020. Young consumers aged between 26 and 35 accounted for 47.8 percent.

Unlike the traditional thinking that buying such goods is embarrassing, more and more young people regard it as a kind of sustainable consumption that can help reduce food waste.

“I don’t care much about the date as long as I can eat it before its expiry. It meets my demand while saving resources and protecting the environment, which is a good thing,” Wu Lin, a 19-year-old college student and a fan of near-expired food, told Xinhua.

Indeed, food waste is a great challenge for China and other countries. According to a 2020 report from the National People’s Congress, about 18 billion kilograms of food is wasted every year in China’s urban catering industry (餐饮业).

“As more Chinese people choose to buy near-expired food, the food waste will be reduced,” said Liu.

According to CGTN, China had the tradition of saving food over the decades leading to the 1990s.

As people’s lives improved greatly, many began to make or order more food than could be consumed, CGTN reported. But the trend of buying near-expired food may suggest that the Chinese virtue of frugality (节约) is staging a comeback.

“I’ve been very frugal all my life. Living through a serious famine (1959-61) (饥荒), I’m used to saving every grain and every penny,” Zhang Xin, a retired woman born in the 1950s, told CGTN. “I’m happy to see more young people, who used to spend extravagantly(奢侈地), joining our ranks."