1 . 假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，最近在学校里总看到有浪费饭菜的现象。请你用英语给全校同学写一封信，倡议大家节约粮食。要点包括：
1.理由；
2.具体措施；
3.表达期许。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。
Dear fellow students,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

2 . Humans are no strangers to widespread viruses, and each time a vaccine (疫苗) is developed, it gives us hope for the future. Now, the world is waiting for a vaccine to fight COVID-19.

Scientists worldwide have been rolling up their sleeves to work to ward an effective novel coronavirus vaccine.

Under the coordination (协调) of the World Health Organization(WHO), up to 172 countries have been engaging with the “largest and most diverse COVID-19 vaccine portfolio”, a plan known as the COVAX Global Vaccines Facility.

COVAX is a system for joint purchasing and balancing the risks of multiple vaccines. When a vaccine proves to be safe and effective, all countries within the facility will be able to access it, according to Xinhua.

The plan is aimed to ensure that all countries, no matter their economic status, can get the vaccine in a timely manner when one is available. It also makes sure that prices will be kept as low as possible.

“A number of vaccines are now in the final stage of clinical trials,” said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Aug. 24th, adding that the goal of COVAX is to deliver at least 2billion doses of a vaccine by the end of 2021. According to the WHO, at present, nine potential vaccines are part of the portfolio.

To guarantee the equal access and fair assignment of COVID-19 vaccines, the WHO has said that the world needs to prevent vaccine nationalism — countries putting their own interests ahead of others in trying to secure supplies of a possible vaccine.

“Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus,” Tedros said, warning that it would lead to a prolonged pandemic (疫情) if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.

“Like an orchestra, we need all instruments to be played in harmony to create music that everyone enjoys,” he said.

Vaccine development looks promising, as several countries have made great progress. Russia began production of its first batch of a COVID-19 vaccine on Aug. 15th, according to its health ministry. It’s the world’s first registered vaccine. Four Chinese vaccine candidates have started international stage-3 clinical trials.

1. What’s the author’s attitude towards vaccine nationalism?

A．Supportive.

B．Critical.

C．Optimistic.

D．Sympathetic.

2. Why did Tedros compare the fight against COVID-19 to an orchestra?

A．To show his deep love for music.	B．To make the passage more interesting.
C．To explain the critical role that the orchestra plays.	D．To stress the importance of cooperation.

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Russia is the first country to have made progress in fighting COVID-19.

B．COVAX ensures all the countries get the COVID-19 vaccine at the same time.

C．WHO plays an important role in fighting COVID-19.

D．Scientists have produced 2 billion doses of vaccines.

4. Which is the best title of the text?

A．United for vaccine.	B．Vaccine on the way.
C．Fighting against COVID-19.	D．Saying goodbye to COVID-19.

5 . In recent years, China has witnessed the growth of luxury (奢侈品) brands. In this market, Chinese consumers are now the largest spenders. It’s clear that a new generation of young, materialistic people is increasingly relying on luxury brands to improve its self-image. I am a fashionist too, at least in spirit — I love to look at clothes and shoes. But I don’t understand why people spend lots of money on designer labels. When a young woman buys a handbag that costs two months of her salary, that’s a scary thing.

What’s interesting is that scientists have found that having luxury things doesn’t lead to happiness. Study after study has shown that although we want material things, when we get them we don’t suddenly become “happy” people. In fact, a series of studies by Leaf Van Boven at the University of Colorado, US, has shown that individuals who spend money on travel and similar experiences get more pleasure than those who invest it in material things. That’s because experiences are more easily combined with a person’s identity. If I travel to Yunnan, that adventure affects how I think in the future. My memories become a part of me.

Moreover, as Van Boven has observed, young people who pursue happiness through “things” are liked less by their peers. People prefer those who pursue happiness through experiences.

It’s natural to want to express yourself through your appearance. So my advice is: create a look that isn’t tied to a designer label. Convey your own message. Take some lessons from the late Apple co-founder Steve Jobs. He was always in Levis jeans and a black turtleneck. Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook, routinely appears in hoodies and sneakers. These people, successful people, have style. You don’t have to break the bank to send a message about who you are. Take a trip. Go out into the world. Then come back and confidently create your own signature look.

1. What can we infer from the first paragraph?

A．The author enjoys buying luxury brands herself.

B．The author agrees to overspend money on material things.

C．The author is critical of youths tying their looks to designer labels.

D．The author finds it natural for fashionists to follow fashion trends.

2. Leaf Van Boven’s studies showed that ______.

A．people dislike those who love luxuries

B．traveling changes a person’s identity greatly

C．luxuries have a negative effect on people’s happiness

D．experiences can bring people more happiness than luxuries

3. What is the author’s advice on expressing oneself?

A．Be selective about designer labels.	B．Create your own personal unique style.
C．Choose simple and fashionable styles.	D．Try styles like Mark Zuckerberg’s.

4. The main purpose of the article is to ______.

A．prove how luxury leads to an unpleasant life

B．tell how to express yourself through appearances

C．report on a series of studies about luxuries and happiness

D．persuade readers to invest in experiences instead of luxuries

6 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式．

The Internet makes shopping at home convenient. However, for many, the attraction of shopping can turn into     1     addiction. Experts believe there is a danger that online shopping can develop into a mental illness.

Researchers from the Hannover Medical School have termed the illness “Buying Shopping Disorder” (BSD). The researchers say this condition should be recognized by the medical profession as an illness and should not     2     (simple) be classed as one of     3     (vary) “impulse control”(冲动控制) disorders. Dr. Megan said: “It really is time to accumulate further knowledge about BSD on the Internet.”

Last month, Dr. Megan and her team     4     (carry) out a research on earlier studies on shopping. Their research focused on 122 patients     5     sought treatment for BSD. Dr. Megan said five percent of people might suffer     6     BSD. Younger people are more likely     7     (develop) it. They also have greater levels of     8     (anxious) and depression. People with BSD exhibit negative behaviors. These include     9     (spend) large amounts of money on things they don’t need, keeping and never using things they order, buying things for instant satisfaction, and ending up in debt. BSD can destroy     10     (they) marriages, relationships and mental health.

7 . 语法填空

Nowadays, social networking addiction has become a rising concern. Social networking addiction is a phrase sometimes used     1    (refer) to someone spending too much time using social media and it     2    (influence) their daily life profoundly.

Addiction usually refers to habitual     3    (behave) that is difficult to control and it may lead to negative effects. In most addictions, people feel forced to do certain activities so often that they become harmful habits,     4     then affect other important activities such as work and study.

In that context, a social networking addict could     5    (consider) someone with a powerful inner drive to use social media repeatedly—     6    (constant) checking status updates or following people’s     7    (profile) on Weibo, for example, for hours on end..

But it is hard to tell when fondness for     8     activity becomes dependency and crosses the line into a damaging habit or addiction. Does     9    (spend) three hours a day on Weibo reading random information of strangers mean you’re addicted     10     Weibo? How about five hours? You could argue you are reading headline news or need to stay current in your field for work, right?

8 . Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game.

Many people like the action of cheating. It makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test --- unless the person cheats again.

Some people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.

Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.

If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swimming practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.

A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions (解决办法) together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.

1. The author thinks that when kids cheat in class, _______.

A．it is unfair to other people	B．it does harm to their heath
C．teachers should punish them	D．teachers shouldn’t stop them at once

2. Some students like cheating mainly because_________.

A．the material in the test is very difficult

B．they want to do better than the others

C．cheating can make hard things seem very easy

D．they have little time to study their lessons

3. The fourth paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A．cheating isn’t a good idea	B．why kids cheat in the test
C．some kids can’t pass the test without cheating	D．some kids don’t spend the time studying

9 . Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn't mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or another, you'll have to stand up and say—problems, I don't want you in my life.

    1    Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children—the list goes on. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too. These keep adding to our problems. Problems come in different shaped and colors and feelings.

But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.

Talk, it really helps. What most of us think is that our problem can be understood only by us and that no talking is going to help.     2    Talking helps you move on and let go.

Write your problems.     3    When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.

Don't lose faith and hope. No matter what you lose in life, don't lose faith and hope. Even if you lose all your money, family…you should still have faith.     4    

Your problems aren't the worst. No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are huger than yours.     5    Your problems might just seem big and worse, but in reality they can be removed.

Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.

A．Of course, we've been fighting troubles ever since we were born.

B．When we have a problem, a pressing, critical, urgent, life-threatening problem, how do we try and solve it？

C．Having a personal diary can also be of huge help if you don't want a real person to talk with.

D．But the truth is that when you talk about it, you're setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you.

E．We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.

F．Tell yourself：when they can deal with them, why can't I？

G．With faith and hope, you can rebuild everything that you lose.

10 . With unfamiliar environments, a heavier workload (工作量), and social challenges, the change from primary school to high school is difficult.

When 800 new high schoolers graded their feelings of worry on a scale (量表) of one to ten, one quarter said seven or more, suggesting serious stress (压力). Disturbingly, these uneasy youth were the most likely to cut classes, start smoking or even get involved in (卷入) self-harm, according to McGill University researcher Dr. Nancy Heath, who has studied the students for three years.

Luckily, there’s a good cure for your high schooler’s worries — volunteering. Parents are already struggling with over-scheduled kids, but the mental-health benefits of this particular after-school activity are widely recognized. “There’s clear evidence (证据) that doing something for others can help people manage stress,” Heath says. The biggest benefit is making new friends. High school is a social minefield (雷区). Teens struggling to find new friends can feel lonely.

They need a back-up social scene outside the classroom, Heath suggests. “Volunteering and getting involved gives a sense of community and belonging.” Team sports and some hobbies are social, but they can’t match the other benefits of volunteering. Serving food in a soup kitchen or chatting with lonely old people forces a teenager to focus on the needs of others, instead of thinking about their own worries.

We’ve found that, among youth who volunteer through our service programs, 61 percent report feeling increased self-respect. They’re 1.3 times more likely to have a strong sense of self than their peers (同龄人), and are more comfortable adapting to (适应) changes, according to an independent study by research firm Mission Measurement.

This winter, encourage the new high school student in your house to find a cause they’re interested in and get involved. It won’t help them find their locker, but it will ease the stress.

1. What would anxious high schoolers probably do according to Heath?

A．Disturb their schoolmates.	B．Damage the environment.
C．Stay away from school.	D．Harm other students.

2. Why does the author encourage kids to volunteer?

A．It may reduce their mental pressure.

B．It may be good for their physical health.

C．It may help improve their learning skills.

D．It may free them from their busy schedules.

3. What can we learn about youth volunteers form Mission Measurement’s study?

A．They are glad to help their peers.

B．They begin to respect other people.

C．They are able to fit in with the new conditions.

D．They know more about their problems than peers.

4. For whom is the text mainly written?

A．Researchers.	B．Teachers.
C．Students.	D．Parents.