解题方法
1 . 设
,
.如果存在
使得
,那么就说
可被
整除(或
整除
),记做
且称
是
的倍数,
是
的约数(也可称为除数、因数).
不能被
整除就记做
.由整除的定义,不难得出整除的下面几条性质:①若
,
,则
;②
,
互质,若
,
,则
;③若
,则
,其中
.
(1)若数列
满足,
,其前
项和为
,证明:
;
(2)若
为奇数,求证:
能被
整除;
(3)对于整数
与
,
,求证:
可整除
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b72ea8ec0d9f8b1cfc4de834b8bfb608.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/20849c00c47cbdc43f18d53341b6c4e5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/87803b7cee18366b89d51799250df510.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6705dba65746e1d4cac6a268b3c806ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/020e12ff4f028aba3a205a95e650d72b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79bda3d07c2fef4d6af4a13ade4c743e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/020e12ff4f028aba3a205a95e650d72b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e4d6df2a57b7e5be32c05c10257ea6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/91638bacbf4d15736d26713ba90e0fc4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/91638bacbf4d15736d26713ba90e0fc4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e4d6df2a57b7e5be32c05c10257ea6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0601879ae4ca9592246d135bfa48658c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/383eb235f8e0ceda13367b16d29e0180.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/503618b9bfb53a06f0ec6a5e427dcdbd.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0da20edf2714109dcfded7e212ec44a.png)
(1)若数列
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76aef4cdcb5af742ce28003b7b6c8c20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e12059d1dac926a235ccd40c3b61b1b6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ed9dbd8ed61db4f1c14f6b0e5f071200.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9e1e4de97f8490fddcff16afe8583266.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/20d6fc9b90f370fbb27552876b650f8f.png)
(3)对于整数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f0a532e15e232cb4b99a8d4d07c89575.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5b96cdd9e003120b6102d927dbf53e39.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5009ce2d56180d31204f77c871fb375c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c4b326965628b5d967aafe9e696fdc07.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2 . 若集合
的非空子集
满足:对任意给定的
,若
,有
,则称子集
是
的“好子集”.记
为
的好子集的个数.例如:
的7个非空子集中只有
不是好子集,即
.记
表示集合
的元素个数.
(1)求
的值;
(2)若
是
的好子集,且
.证明:
中元素可以排成一个等差数列;
(3)求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/24f5c44de003475d3466981293cf5e47.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/887982e3735dd7ca13293338a12df593.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c469f6345826410959ea09d7e3192e20.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0586ec8d1d9796fb80a1250e2c0a4b0b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/38fcec7af3520884b173b29bda6c657a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b26bbb11e932ddb26a9088e7fc33e87b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27c562f247c1d691158f4038a030574c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/68eafd45c1ec4b414d3553dabd8c2848.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37765d2927d24d4b582423c843aebcd4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b32a859898e9905e0524d3a982eb34b6.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/08eb71ecf8d733b6932f4680874dbbf3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4ada01c2a8b4d92df94834a6a3929673.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(3)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79df6a6d73a058d13632a726c2308d66.png)
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3 . 古希腊著名的约瑟夫环问题讲的是:共有127个士兵,围成一个环,从一号位的士兵开始,每个存活下来的人依次杀死相邻的下一位士兵,若一名叫做约瑟夫的士兵想要存活到最后,那么他最开始应当站在几号位上?( )
A.1 | B.63 | C.127 | D.31 |
您最近一年使用:0次
名校
解题方法
4 . 2023年10月11日,中国科学技术大学潘建伟团队成功构建255个光子的量子计算机原型机“九章三号”,求解高斯玻色取样数学问题比目前全球是快的超级计算机快一亿亿倍.相较传统计算机的经典比特只能处于0态或1态,量子计算机的量子比特(qubit)可同时处于0与1的叠加态,故每个量子比特处于0态或1态是基于概率进行计算的.现假设某台量子计算机以每个粒子的自旋状态作为是子比特,且自旋状态只有上旋与下旋两种状态,其中下旋表示“0”,上旋表示“1”,粒子间的自旋状态相互独立.现将两个初始状态均为叠加态的粒子输入第一道逻辑门后,粒子自旋状态等可能的变为上旋或下旋,再输入第二道逻辑门后,粒子的自旋状态有
的概率发生改变,记通过第二道逻辑门后的两个粒子中上旋粒子的个数为
.
(1)若通过第二道逻辑门后的两个粒子中上旋粒子的个数为2,且
,求两个粒子通过第一道逻辑门后上旋粒子个数为2的概率;
(2)若一条信息有
种可能的情况且各种情况互斥,记这些情况发生的概率分别为
,
,…,
,则称
(其中
)为这条信息的信息熵.试求两个粒子通过第二道逻辑门后上旋粒子个数为
的信息熵
;
(3)将一个下旋粒子输入第二道逻辑门,当粒子输出后变为上旋粒子时则停止输入,否则重复输入第二道逻辑门直至其变为上旋粒子,设停止输入时该粒子通过第二道逻辑门的次数为
(
,2,3,⋯,
,⋯).证明:当
无限增大时,
的数学期望趋近于一个常数.
参考公式:
时,
,
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
(1)若通过第二道逻辑门后的两个粒子中上旋粒子的个数为2,且
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/79a18d2bd429301b5478dcd26c572266.png)
(2)若一条信息有
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8ef66ba6d5421383f47b4783db53bf7c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8be646cd52d7f2f1714e7542e75810f2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/adad9633b73dfbbb3d84b4f15979e99e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3ffb021aa7d5a5c2f0691e337caad624.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b930a98ed7eb5ae313050f7c97d2a16c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/33c5a2ba6cfa94756ac1a0f74ac9e4f2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f022950e0faa45b617d497b01b5292b9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/73465a1f9aa03481295bf6bd3c6903ac.png)
(3)将一个下旋粒子输入第二道逻辑门,当粒子输出后变为上旋粒子时则停止输入,否则重复输入第二道逻辑门直至其变为上旋粒子,设停止输入时该粒子通过第二道逻辑门的次数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f157de581046dc6a6002f771b60ad61c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54a829fdd8ec0f3b7ede883cf2c3e53b.png)
参考公式:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9ca664b1e82da6f50064a76fe118aa80.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d71b352414c4a600fc4ea827a0c64f22.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6c0aceee7cba466e6bf17f43d15bf25f.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2024-03-04更新
|
1773次组卷
|
4卷引用:第2套 重组模拟卷(模块二 2月开学)
(已下线)第2套 重组模拟卷(模块二 2月开学)湖北省襄阳市第五中学2024届高三第二次适应性测试数学试题湖南省新高考十八校联盟2024届高三下学期3月月考数学试题(已下线)专题09 计数原理与随机变量及分布列(讲义)