If Mars were the popular kid in school,Venus （金星）would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner,largely ignored. Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth,but being closer to the sun, it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.

However, instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth’s, Venus's surface and atmosphere are unbearable：clouds of sulphuric acid blanket the planet,while at ground level, it is hot enough to melt lead. Despite this, there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.

Jane Greaves at Cardiff University, UK, and her colleagues recently detected phosphine（磷化氢）in Venus's atmosphere, with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology. That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes（微生物）.Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus, attempts to find non—biological explanations for its presence have so far failed.

Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look. While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately, the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light. As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted：“It's time to prioritize Venus.”

In the months and years to come, computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus. More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced. However, there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus. A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus. By doing so,we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.

The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment. The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world. Possibly, the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.

12. In theory，what's Venus expected to be like?

A．It is almost as large as Earth.

B．It has nearly the same mass as Earth.

C．It has a warmer Earth-like climate.

D．It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere.

13. What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate?

A．There might exist signs of life.

B．This kind of gas is very common.

C．Many products can be made with it.

D．Experiments were once conducted there.

14. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A．The importance of observations.

B．The power of computer simulations.

C．The approaches to exploring phosphine.

D．The necessity to analyse phosphine.

15. Which can best describe the author's attitude to the exploration of Venus?

A．Casual.

B．Supportive.

C．Cautious.

D．Doubtful.

Anxious exam candidates’ problem is the run-up or preparation, not the exam itself.

Exams are always tense and worrying, especially for those of an anxious personality. The silence of the hall; the ________ of the clock; the content expression of the person at the neighbouring desk. It therefore seems ________ surprising that those who worry about tests do systematically ________ than those who do not. Unexpectedly, according to a research in Psychological Science by Maria Theobald, it is not the pressure of the exam which causes the problem. It is the ________ pressure.

What Dr Therobald found was that ________ on the day of the test did not predict exam performance at all. What predicted it was the level of knowledge a student ________ in the earlier learning activities and displayed in the mock (模拟) exam. Those who ________ well in these also did well in the real thing, ________ how anxious they were on the day. What actually ________ students were high levels of anxiety during the weeks before the exam took place. The greater a student’s anxiety in the days before the exam, the lower his or her knowledge-gain was during that period, leaving that student with less material to ________ during the exam itself.

This is a positive discovery, ________ it suggests the anxious might achieve better result by adjusting their approach when revising. Dr. Theobald notes that test-anxiety is at its worst when students have low ________ of success and at the same time know that passing the exam is ________ important. To reduce this anxiety, she proposes a ________ for students to consider as they revise. First, they can raise their belief in their own abilities by reminding themselves of just how much they know. Second, they can ________ the significance of the test by reminding themselves that, while it is important, it is not a life or death situation. It really isn’t.

21.

A．swinging

B．ticking

C．dropping

D．ringing

22.

A．slightly

B．basically

C．hardly

D．completely

23.

A．worse

B．better

C．less

D．higher

24.

A．presentation

B．memory

C．revision

D．time

25.

A．atmosphere

B．expression

C．outcome

D．anxiety

26.

A．prepared

B．forgot

C．gained

D．increased

27.

A．performed

B．responded

C．behaved

D．activated

28.

A．because of

B．as for

C．except for

D．regardless of

29.

A．took back

B．held back

C．pushed back

D．brought back

30.

A．record

B．review

C．recite

D．reproduce

31.

A．for

B．though

C．and

D．if

32.

A．spirits

B．attitude

C．expectation

D．ideas

33.

A．immediately

B．anxiously

C．approximately

D．extremely

34.

A．theory

B．strategy

C．plan

D．decision

35.

A．decrease

B．enhance

C．realize

D．recognize

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Head of this year’s London Book Fair in March, media reported a rise in interest in translated works among British readers. For translator Anna Holmwood, this signals the     36     (arrive) of a new era.

“This is a big moment for Chinese fiction abroad,” says Holmwood,     37     has translated Chinese literature for almost a decade.

Her translation work, Legends of the Condor Heroes, a fantasy novel written by Jin Yong, and Liu Cixin’s science-fiction book, The Three Body Problem, are shown in a Nielsen report     38     examples of two of the most popular Chinese fiction works in Britain in 2018.

“Languages in growing demand include Chinese and Arabic.” according to the Nielsen report. It found that, against the commonly     39     (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature’s presence in the English-language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain     40     the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million.

Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率)     41     (double) in recent years. This is     42     (true) exciting news.”

The Guardian quotes (引用) Fiammetta Rocco, administrator of the Man Booker International Prize, “    43     (read) fiction is one of the     44     (good) ways of putting ourselves in other people’s shoes. The rise in sales of translated fiction     45     (show) how hungry British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”

46. 假如你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Mr. Wang为爱尔兰访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。你将作为主持人将专家介绍给爱尔兰朋友，请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1. 表示欢迎；
2. 专家介绍；
3. 讲座内容。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

One day, Reuben, a 12-year-old boy, saw something in a shop window that set his heart racing. The price—five dollars—was beyond his means, but he went in the shop anyway.

Poorly dressed, he went up and told the shopkeeper what he wanted, adding, “I don't have the money right now. Will you please hold it for me for some time?”

“I’ll try,” the shopkeeper smiled. “Folks around here don't usually have money to spend on such things. It should keep for a while.”

Reuben decided to raise the five dollars by himself. Walking along a side street, he had an idea. People built their own houses in his town, using nails purchased in Hessian sacks (粗麻袋)from a local factory. The sacks were sometimes thrown away. Reuben knew he could sell them back to the factory for five cents a piece.

Every day after school, Reuben went around the town, collecting nail sacks. The school closed for the summer, and he was still wandering in the town, searching for his treasures. Often he was tired and hungry, but the thought of the object in the shop window kept him going. Sometimes his mother Dora would ask: “Reuben, where were you? We were waiting for you to have dinner.”

“Playing, Mum. Sorry.”

Dora would look at him in his face and shake her head. Boys!

One day in spring, he counted his coins and found he needed twenty cents more. He had to find four sacks and sell them before the day ended. Late in the afternoon, just before the buyer was about to close up, Reuben arrived and sold the four sacks. With the coins in his hand, he murmured a thank you and ran away.

注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Clutching the five dollars, he headed for the shop.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dora opened it carefully and a lovely jewel box appeared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________