To address the plastic pollution troubling the world’s seas and waterways, Cornell University chemists have developed a new polymer (聚合物) that can degrade (降解) plastic when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, according to the research published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society.
“We have created a new plastic that has the mechanical properties required by commercial fishing gear. If it eventually gets lost in the water environment, this material can degrade on a realistic time scale,” said lead researcher Bryce Lipinski, professor of chemistry and chemical biology at Cornell University. “This material could effectively reduce persistent plastic accumulation in the environment.”
Commercial fishing contributes to about half of all floating plastic waste that ends up in the oceans. Fishing nets and ropes are primarily made from three kinds of polymers, none of which easily degrade. “While research of degradable plastics has received much attention in recent years,” Lipinski said, “obtaining a material with a mechanical strength comparable to commercial plastic remains a difficult challenge.”
Coates and his research team have spent the past 15 years developing the new plastic called isotactic polypropylene oxide, or iPPO. While its original discovery was in 1949, the mechanical strength of this material was unknown before this recent work. The high isotacticity and polymer chain length of their material makes it different from previous plastics and provides its mechanical strength.
Lipinski and other scientists want no race of the polymer to be left in the environment. He notes there is precedent (先例) for the biodegradation of small chains of iPPO which could effectively make it disappear and ongoing efforts aim to prove this.
1. What is the feature about the new polymer?| A．It can solve the problem of plastic consumption. |
| B．It can degrade plastic waste in the sea water. |
| C．It has been developed to solve plastic pollution. |
| D．It has been developed to lower fishing costs. |
| A．It requires great effort to invent the new plastic. |
| B．Fishing should be forbidden in the sea. |
| C．Fishing nets and ropes are not the major pollution source. |
| D．Degradable plastics were not paid attention to until recent years. |
| A．Its original discovery. | B．Its mechanical properties. |
| C．Its complex structure. | D．Its mechanical strength. |
| A．Doubtful. | B．Promising. |
| C．Unconcerned. | D．Disapproval. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Robots aid in coronavirus fight
Robots have certain advantages compared to humans: They are efficient, tireless, can be repaired when damaged and they never get sick. This last trait has made them the star during our fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. While hundreds of thousands of medical workers have fallen ill dealing with this highly infectious virus and a lot more are forced to stay at home for fear of getting the disease, this isn’t a problem for robots.
This is why the COVID-19 outbreak is seen as the “tipping point” —noted The Independent science reporter Anthony Cuthbertson – for robots to start to replace humans in certain jobs.
In areas like hospitals and healthcare facilities, robots are used to perform high-risk tasks. In China, for example, a hotel in Hangzhou employed a robot named “Little Peanut”to deliver food to people under quarantine. In Spain, robots are about to be used to test people for the coronavirus. Ultraviolet-light-disinfection(紫外线消毒) robots are also being widely used to clean hospital corridors and wards(病房).
“Hospitals around the world are waking up to autonomous disinfection.” Per Juul Nielsen, CEO of Denmark’s UVD Robots, a leading company manufacturing(制造) disinfection robots, told Forbes. “We can’t build these robots fast enough.”
In non-medical companies, robots are also replacing human employees since they don’t have the problem of social distancing and will never take sick leave. Walmart and Amazon, for example, where robots are already used in sorting, packing and shipping, are planning to increase the number of robots in their facilities. Fast-food chains like McDonald’s are not only delivering food with robots in some areas, but also looking to use them as cooks and servers.
According to futurist Martin Ford, using more robots than human employees can prove to be rewarding for companies – even when the pandemic is over. “People will prefer to go to a place that has fewer workers and more machines because they feel they can lower overall risk, ” Ford told the BBC.
But this sudden surge(激增) in robot demand doesn’t mean that they triumph over humans in every aspect. According to Bill Smart, a roboticist at Oregon State University, the human contact between doctors and patients is still important. Doctors comfort the patients and guide them through hard decisions while robots are only doing routine tasks, like cleaning and giving tests, just to free up doctors and nurses.
It might be true that robots have certain advantages over humans. But they are still secondary to human interaction.
1. What is the text mainly about?| A．The advantages of robots compared to humans. |
| B．Different views toward applying robots to fight COVID-19 |
| C．Why the COVID-19 outbreak has fueled robot demand. |
| D．Whether robots will replace humans in certain areas one day. |
| A．They can be repaired when damaged. |
| B．They test people for coronavirus more precisely. |
| C．They never get tired and can replace doctors and nurses. |
| D．They are not vulnerable to the coronavirus. |
| A．Its benefits are appealing and lasting. |
| B．Machines are less disturbing than humans. |
| C．It poses a threat to human employment. |
| D．There are some risks with the use of robots. |
| A．The demand for robots is too great to meet. |
| B．Doctors can make more accurate judgments than robots. |
| C．Humans interactions are essential in some areas. |
| D．Robots need updating to improve contact with humans. |
【推荐2】When you think of a new place for growing food, you might think of Mars. But one Italian family believes one possible place is right here on the Earth: the ocean.
Nemo’s Garden is the world’s first underwater system of land plants. Located off the coast of Noli, Italy, it consists of several greenhouses called biospheres, each of which is attached to the seafloor. “The aim of it is to change agriculture, and add a possibility for growing produce in the ocean,” says co-founder Luca Gamberini.
His father Sergio Gamberini came up with the idea by combining his two passions — diving and gardening. In 2012, the project began with planting basil (罗勒) underwater. Now Nemo’s Garden is growing strong.
“Our limited number of resources can not promise sustainable (可持续的) development,” Luca says, “and we believe that underwater gives us some advantages over traditional agriculture.”
Floating six to ten meters underwater, plants in Nemo’s Garden are separated from any outside pathogens (病原体). Also, the temperature of the ocean water is an ideal environment for plant life. Besides, Nemo’s Garden uses a technique that uses water-based nutrients (养分) instead of soil. “Also, there is little interaction with the underwater environment and related ecosystems, which means no harm is caused to sea creatures,” adds Luca.
Everything is monitored on land through cameras and sensors, and settings can be adjusted. When it’s time to harvest, a diver will cut the vegetation, place it in bags and float them to the surface.
The team at Nemo’s Garden has plans for even bigger biospheres in the future, as well as other locations. Luca believes the future of Nemo’s Garden will be mostly along the coastlines where communities could benefit from the added space it offers.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 2 refer to?| A．The greenhouse. | B．The seafloor. | C．Underwater system. | D．Nemo’s Garden. |
| A．To combine his two hobbies. | B．To feed the growing population. |
| C．To seek sustainable farming. | D．To develop healthy ways of life. |
| A．The advantages of Nemo’s Garden. | B．The construction of Nemo’s Garden. |
| C．The structure of Nemo’s Garden. | D．The techniques used in Nemo’s Garden. |
| A．A research paper. | B．A science magazine. | C．A journal entry. | D．A science fiction. |
【推荐3】Environmental pollution and other human activities are leading to thousands of deaths among seabirds, a new study has warned.
Ecological experts tracked the behavior of British and Irish seabirds. They used satellites to track hundreds of the creatures to find out where they went to catch fish at sea. The study can help assess potential impact from human activities and where protected areas of the seas should be.
Lightweight GPS tags were fitted to more than 1,300 adult birds from 29 different colonies around the UK and Ireland, including kittiwakes, shags, razorbills and guillemots. Results from the five-year study show the large areas of sea the four seabird species use. They found it was at least 600,000 square miles, an area three times the size of Spain. It shows how far they travel from their nests in search of food for their chicks. And it shows the use of the seas by all four species concentrated in the coastal waters of Scotland, highlighting the importance of conservation measures there.
The four species studied require conservation help, with kittiwake numbers declining 71 percent in the past 25 years and shag populations down 61 percent. This means both seabirds are "red listed" and need urgent protection. Razorbills and guillemots are "amber listed", which means they are considered to need conservation action.
Dr. Ewan, lead author of the research, said, “Many seabirds are at the top of the marine food web. They feed on some small fish but that prey is declining because of human pressures, including climate change. The result is that thousands of sea baby birds are dying each year because their parents can't feed them. For the first time, this study provides us with a full map for the feeding areas for some of our most important seabird species.”
The analysis provides critical data to inform marine management, the experts said.
1. Which is one of the purpose of the study?| A．To find out where to catch more fish. |
| B．To judge which sea should be protected. |
| C．To know the seabirds’ impacts on human beings. |
| D．To study the behaviour of British and Irish seabirds. |
| A．With the help of satellites. | B．With help of the fishermen. |
| C．By observing human activities. | D．By tying GPS tags on the ship. |
| A．France. | B．Ireland. | C．Spain. | D．Scotland. |
| A．Puzzled. | B．Doubtful. | C．Positive. | D．Disappointed. |
【推荐1】The Alps has more than 5, 000 glaciers, which not only give the region its spectacular beauty but are also vital to its economy and people. Glaciers form over thousands of years, with snow freezing on the mountain top and being pressed into enormous masses of ice, which slowly move downhill.
The Alps are particularly susceptible to climate change because the global warming effect is more pronounced over land masses than over water. While the world as a whole has increased in temperature by around 0.74 degrees Celsius, the Alps region has experienced a marked increase of around 2 degrees Celsius—which means glaciers form more slowly and melt more quickly, leading to shrinkage.
Even if you do not live in an area that will be directly affected by melting glaciers, they are important because they help prevent global warming due to what scientists call the “feedback effect”. Glaciers reflect solar energy like a mirror from the planet’s surface—so as their surface area shrinks, they reflect back less of the sun's rays and the planet heats up faster for everyone.
The consequences for local communities will be devastating and far reaching. As global warning melts the glaciers, it also melts the soil, causing instability that results in catastrophic rockfalls and mudslides. In August 2017, residents of Bondo, a picturesque Swiss mountain village in the shadow of the Piz Cengalo glacier, had to flee for their lives as 3 million cubic meters of rock fell towards them.
Even if carbon emissions could be stopped immediately, two-thirds of the glaciers will still melt away by the year 2100—so the people of the Alps are going to have to adapt.
1. How do glaciers help to prevent global warming according to the passage?| A．They take in solar energy from the surroundings constantly. |
| B．They reflect sun's rays back to the space to cool the earth. |
| C．They help trees to take in more carbon dioxide. |
| D．They cool the earth when melting. |
| A．3 million cubic meters of rock fell towards the residents. |
| B．Global warming cause instability to people. |
| C．The consequences of melting glaciers on people. |
| D．Global warming melts the glaciers and the soil. |
| A．Related. | B．Weak. |
| C．Sensitive. | D．Important. |
| A．Melting glaciers harm a lot. | B．Climate change influences the whole world. |
| C．Alps take measures to deal with climate change. | D．Glaciers are melting faster. |
【推荐2】About 12 million tons of plastic wastes are entering the oceans every year. This garbage pollutes the water, kills wildlife and breaks down into small pieces that fish and other creatures eat.
Now a group of Spanish fishermen will receive economic support to catch plastics. It is part of a new project. Carlos Martin is one of the fishermen taking part in the project. He and his partners collect the plastic in the ocean and bring it back to land every week. Martin thinks rivers carry a lot of plastics to the sea. He says his most concern is no more than that the plastics often get caught in the nets, which makes nets not work properly. They take on mud（泥）, causing the nets to break because they weigh so much.
Under the new programs, one million pounds will support ocean cleanup efforts for fishermen like Martin. The money is coming from the European Union and the Catalan government. Sergi Tudela, the General Director of Catalonia Fisheries, is responsible for the cleanup project. He said, "We are hopeful that if we are successful in this project, we can apply it to other areas in the Mediterranean（地中海）."
Government reports show that the amount of plastic wastes washing up along the Spanish coastline has grown by 65 percent in just six years. Fishing equipment makes up a large part of the about 8 to 12 million tons of plastics left in the world's oceans every year.
Martin says the fishing community now understands how big the problem is. He says, "In the past we didn't see it that way. We took the plastic garbage and threw it back into the water. I think that after a few year here we have realized the problem. Nothing is thrown into the water; we collect everything and bring it to shore.
1. What worries Martin most about plastic wastes at the beginning?| A．They pollute the sea environment. |
| B．They affect the quality and taste of fish. |
| C．They prevent the fishing nets from working well. |
| D．They kill wildlife and reduce his fishing amount. |
| A．Getting more money to support the project. |
| B．Getting help from other European countries. |
| C．Spreading the cleanup project to more places. |
| D．Praising the European Union for their helping to the oceans. |
| A．Its members do a lot of work for free. |
| B．It has stopped using plastic fishing equipment. |
| C．It has made positive changes to fight plastic wastes. |
| D．Its members find people sill throw the garbage carelessly. |
| A．New programs are changing fishermen's life |
| B．Money is given to Spanish fishermen to clean up oceans |
| C．Traditional fishing equipment causes a lot of plastic wastes |
| D．Spanish fishermen are encouraging people to clean up oceans |
【推荐3】Every country may have to consider what, if anything, to do about “global warming”. We should understand that the oft-repeated claim that nearly all scientists demand that something dramatic be done to stop global warming is not true.
Perhaps the most inconvenient fact is the lack of global warming for well over 10 years now. This is known to the warming establishment, as one can see from the 2009 “Climategate” email of climate scientist Kevin Trenberth: “The fact is that we can’t account for the lack of warming at the moment and it is an irony that we can’t.” But the warming is only missing if one believes computer models where so-called feedback involving water vapor and clouds greatly amplifies the small effect of CO2. The fact is that CO2 is not a pollutant and it is a key component of the biosphere ( 生物圈)’s life cycle. Plants get better growth with more of it and part of the increase of agricultural yields in the past century certainly came from additional CO2 in the atmosphere.
Although the number of the scientists who are publicly opposed to the claim is growing, many young scientists secretly say that while they also have serious doubts about the global-warming message, they are afraid to speak up for fear of not being promoted or worse.
Why is there so much passion about global warming? There are several reasons, but a good place to start is the old question “Cui bono?”, or the modern update, “Follow the money”. Alarmism (危言耸听) over climate is of great benefit to many, providing government funding for academic research, and thus those people who benefit from this fiercely defended their dogma (信条) and the privileges it brought them.
Every country should support rational ( 合理 的) measures to protect and improve our environment, but it makes no sense at all to back expensive programs that turn away resources from real needs and are based on alarming but shaky claims of “incontrovertible” evidence.
1. What can we infer about the author’s opinion on global warming?| A．Global warming hasn’t happened in the latest 10 years. |
| B．Global warming has become an urgent problem these years. |
| C．Global warming has worsened a little bit in the recent years. |
| D．Global warming has never happened since measures were taken. |
| A．CO2 greatly affects the global warming. |
| B．CO2 makes crops more productive. |
| C．CO2 involves water vapor and clouds. |
| D．CO2 is the most important part of the biosphere. |
| A．Because t is a good chance for young scientists to be promoted. |
| B．Because the scientists want to have an insight into the problem. |
| C．Because the government values the problem and tries to solve it. |
| D．Because some people can greatly benefit from the research about it. |
| A．To support all the programs as long as they are beneficial. |
| B．To support cheap programs instead of expensive ones. |
| C．To support the programs that are necessary and reliable. |
| D．To support those programs that use less money and resources. |
【推荐1】New rules and behavior standards (行为规范)for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. They will also be kids who don’t dye (染) their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work on an exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. When more people work together, it makes it more fun for everyone.
Have you ever quarreled with your teammates when our basketball lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you’ll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don’t look down on new ideas. Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.
Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go home late you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren’t for kids, so try to look at Web pages that are good for you. You can use the Web for fun or homework. Can’t you find any good Web sites for children? Here some:http://kids.eastday.com/http://www.chinakids.net.com/http://www.cycnet.com
1. The school new rules will help kids by telling them ______.| A．how they can study well | B．what they should do at school |
| C．what is right and what is wrong | D．how they can protect themselves |
| A．Take care of yourself when you are out. |
| B．Tell the truth, even when you are wrong. |
| C．Keep some animals to protect them. |
| D．Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things. |
| A．making the team weaker | B．working together with others |
| C．being a good friend to others | D．getting on badly with others |
| A．be a waste of time | B．help them with their studies |
| C．do homework for them | D．make life easier |
【推荐2】With the development of science and technology, our daily life is becoming more colorful and more convenient.
The Book-less Library Can you imagine walking into a library and finding all books have turned into computers? The first book-less public library is planned to open in San Antonio, Texas. Computers will take the place of books soon. | Google Class Google Glass is a pair of glasses with a battery(电池) hidden inside the frame (边框). It can carry out many of the same tasks as smart phones. The glass has a hidden camera and a tiny screen. It is designed to takehands-freephotos or videos of anything people are doing. |
A New Kind of Shirt Hate washing clothes? You're going to love this kind of shirt made by an American clothing company, Wool & Prince. This shirt can be worn for 100 straight days without washing！The Wool & Prince shirt never needs ironing (熨烫). | An Underwater Hotel It looks like a spaceship but it is actually a picture of an underwater hotel .A company plans to build in the sea which is about 18 meters below the surface. The whole building is underwater and you can get to it by swimming and diving. |
| A．It can be used for drinking | B．It can read a book like a man. |
| C．It can take photos and videos. | D．It can order food |
| A．The Wool & Prince shirt. | B．The Nike Clothes. |
| C．The traditional clothes. | D．The beautiful clothes |
| A．You don't have hands at all. | B．Your hands don't cost money. |
| C．You don't need to use your hands. | D．Your hands are hurt. |
| A．New Inventions | B．New Problems |
| C．New Discoveries | D．New Clothes |
【推荐3】A monsoon(季风)refers to a seasonal shift in the atmospheric circulation because of irregular heating of the sea and the land. For the most part, the term is used to describe the rainy period of a season. However, there is also a dry period associated with the term. Half of the world’s population live in areas affected by Asian monsoons, but monsoons are difficult to predict. American researchers have put together a 700-year record of the rainy seasons, which is expected to provide guidance for experts making weather predictions.
Every summer, moist(潮湿的)air masses, known as monsoon, produce large quantities of rainfall in India, East Asia, Indonesia, Northern Australia and East Africa, which are pulled in by a high pressure area over the Indian Ocean and a low pressure area to the south.
According to Edward Cook, a weather expert at Columbia University in New York, the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict. In addition, climate records for the area date back to 1950, too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use. Therefore, he and a team of researchers spent more than fifteen years travelling across Asia searching for trees old enough to provide long-term records. They measured the rings(年轮)or circles, inside the trunks of thousands of ancient trees at more than 300 sites.
Rainfall has a direct link to the growth and width of rings on some kinds of trees. The researchers developed a document — a Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas(地图集). It shows the effect of monsoons over seven centuries, beginning in the 1300s.
Professor Cook says the tree-ring records show periods of wet and dry conditions. “If the monsoon basically fails or is very weak one year, the trees affected by the monsoon at that location might put on a very narrow ring. But if the monsoon is very strong, the trees affected by that monsoon might put on a wide ring for that year. So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the tree chronology(年表)that we developed in Asia provide us with a measure of monsoon variability. ” Armed with such a sweeping set of data, researchers say they now can begin to refine(提炼)climate computer models for predicting the behavior of monsoons.
“There has been widespread starvation and human dying in the past in large droughts. And on the other hand, if the monsoon is particularly heavy, it can cause extensive flooding,” said Eugene Wahl, a scientist who is with America’s National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s paleoclimate(古气候)branch studying weather patterns over the history of the Earth. “So, to get a knowledge of what the regional moisture patterns have been, dryness and wetness over such a long period of time in great detail, I would call it a kind of victory for climate science.”
1. What’s the passage mainly about?| A．The achievements of Edward Cook. | B．The necessity of weather forecast. |
| C．A breakthrough in monsoon prediction. | D．The effects of Asian monsoons. |
| A．it is hard to keep long-term climate records |
| B．they are formed under complex climate systems |
| C．they influence many nations |
| D．there is heavy rainfall in Asia |
| A．offer people information about the regional climate |
| B．have a great influence on the regional climate |
| C．determine the regional climate |
| D．reflect all kinds of regional climate information |
| A．It will help people prevent droughts and floods. |
| B．It should include information about human life in the past. |
| C．It has analyzed moisture models worldwide. |
| D．It is a great achievement in climate science. |
【推荐1】Microplastics, as the name implies, are tiny plastics that result from both commercial product development and the breakdown of larger plastics. Officially, they are defined as plastics less than five millimeters in diameter(直径). .
The problem with microplastics is that — like plastic items of any size — they do not readily break down into harmless molecules (分子). Plastics can take hundreds or thousands of years to decompose, and in the meantime, cause damage to the environment. On beaches, microplastics are visible as tiny colored plastic bits in sand. In the oceans, microplastics pollution is often consumed by sea animals.
Some of this environmental pollution is from littering, but much is the result of storms and winds that carry plastics into our oceans. Single-use plastics, plastic items meant to be used just once and then thrown away, are the primary source of microplastics in the environment.
Microplastics have been detected in sea animals, in commercial seafood, and even in drinking water. Alarmingly, standard water treatment facilities cannot remove all the traces( 痕迹) of microplastics. To further complicate matters, microplastics in the ocean can combine with other harmful chemicals before being swallowed by animals.
Scientists are still unsure whether consumed microplastics do damage to human or animal health - and if so, what specific dangers they may cause. Even so, many countries are taking action to reduce microplastics. A United Nations resolution has discussed the need for rules to reduce microplastics to oceans, wildlife, and human health.
1. What does the underlined word “decompose” mean in Paragraph 2?| A．Break down. | B．Fade away. . |
| C．Dry up. | D．Give out. |
| A．Water treatment facilities fail to remove their traces. |
| B．People might consume them through drinking water. |
| C．They can combine with other chemicals inside animals. |
| D．They have been a blow to commercial seafood industry. |
| A．Many governments turn a blind eye to microplastics. |
| B．It has been confirmed that consumed microplastics are harmful. |
| C．Measures will be taken to reduce microplastics in the environment. |
| D．Scientists have known what specific dangers microplastics may cause. |
| A．inform the public of an environmental issue |
| B．arouse the awareness of protecting seawater |
| C．persuade scientists to look into microplastics |
| D．introduce the microplastics treatment methods |
【推荐2】I’ve recently found myself wondering if I could do without Google Maps. It is, I think, the only app on my phone I’d really miss were I to swap my smartphone for a “dumb” one that handles only calls and text messages.
Why am I thinking about this? It’s because every time I try to read a book, I end up picking up my phone instead. I keep interrupting my own train of thought in order to do something that I don’t consciously want to do.
This is not accidental. Developers have become even more unashamed in their attempts to keep us hooked on our smartphones. Some of them speak in the language of addiction and behavioural psychology, though most prefer the term “persuasive tech”. In itself, persuasive tech is not a new idea — an academic named BJ Fogg has been running classes from a “persuasive tech lab” at Stanford since the late 1990s. But as smartphone ownership has rocketed and social-media sites have been born, persuasive tech has vastly expanded its reach.
One company, Dopamine Labs — named for the chemical released in the reward center of the brain — offers a service to tech businesses wanting to “keep users engaged”. Founder Ramsay Brown tells me he wants people to understand that “their thoughts and feelings are on the table as things that can be controlled and designed”. He thinks there should be more conversation around the persuasive power of the technologies being used. “We believe everyone has a right to cognitive liberty, and to build the kind of mind they want to live in,” he says.
The poster child of the resistance movement against addictive apps is former Google “design ethicist” Tristan Harris. He thinks the power to change the system lies not with app developers but with the hardware providers. In 2014, Harris founded “Time Well Spent”, a group that campaigns for more moral design practices among developers.
Any tech business that relies on advertising profits is motivated to hold its users online for as long as possible, Harris says. This means apps are specifically designed to keep us in them. Apple, on the other hand, wants to sell phones but doesn’t have a profit stream so tightly connected to the amount of time its customers spend online. Harris hopes that companies like Apple could use their influence to encourage more morally designed apps.
While I wait for Apple to sort this out, I find myself longing for something called a “Light Phone”, a credit-card-sized handset that does absolutely nothing but make and receive calls. Price tag? $150. Seems expensive. But the company’s website is very persuasive.
1. According to the author, what makes us so glued to our smartphones？| A．People's inborn behaviours. | B．App developers’ intention. |
| C．User-friendly apps. | D．Hardware providers. |
| A．tech businesses have gone too far in controlling users’ minds |
| B．persuasive technologies are dangerous to users’ cognitive liberty |
| C．the persuasive power of the technologies deserves more attention |
| D．everyone can live the life they desire by using persuasive technologies |
| A．The advertiser. | B．The advocate. |
| C．The opponent. | D．The founder. |
【推荐3】Ryan Hickman is only seven years old, but he's already been saving for his college fund with profits from. his recycling business.
When Ryan wag three, he went with his dad to the local recycling center and made money from a few bags of cans and bottles. When he learned money can be made from that, Ryan decided recycling was his future.
"We had gone to the center with a couple of bags, and he really loved the actual act of putting all the cans and bottles into the machine and getting the money from it, and that kind of act got him hooked, "described Damion Hickman, Ryan's father.
Ryan told his parents that he wanted to give empty plastic bags to all the neighbors and hoped they would save their recyclables for him. Not only did the neighbors save their cans and bottles for Ryan but so did their co-workers, families, and friends. Soon after, Ryan started his own business, Ryan's Recycling, and has since recycled over 200,000 cans and bottles. Every week, he and his family sort through bags of recyclables and they take them to the local recycling center where they are sorted and weighed.
So far, Ryan has saved more than $ 10 000 for college from his profits and he also sells T-shirts on his website and donates the profits to the Pacific Marine Mammal Center in Laguna Beach. "For the sea lions to get food and medicine," he said.
Ryan has an important message for everyone, "If you already recycle, just keep on recycling, If you don't recycle, start recycling.” Always a great businessman, Ryan added, "If you want to buy one of these T-shits, it's $13 on ryansrecycling. com. "
1. When did Ryan think of recycling as his future?| A．When he was 3 years old. |
| B．When he was taken to the recycling center. |
| C．When he got some rewards from recycling. |
| D．When he learned recycled cans and bottles could be sold for money. |
| A．He went to ask his family and neighbors to sell him the used bottles and cans. |
| B．He gave empty plastic bags to all the neighbors to get their used cans and bottles. |
| C．He went to the local recycling center fist and sold the cans and bottles. |
| D．He and his family sorted through bags of recyclables of their own. |
| A．Generous and determined. | B．Kind and healthy, |
| C．Independent and energetic. | D．Rich and thoughtful. |
