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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:100 题号:11482686

My brother belongs to a strange group known as birders. Together with his three friends who are likewise into the hobby of birding, they march on landfills, and hike through the wooded lands, each of them armed with a pair of binoculars (双筒望远镜), a digital camera, biscuits, and water. One of them carries a telescope which comes in handy in case they want to take a look at a bird up close.

Understandably, their clothing is light; their shoes are designed for comfort, and they never fail to bring with them hats. Moving at a slow pace, they go in search of birds. And, yes, they carry a field guide --- a manual for identifying birds.

It is interesting to note how my brother and his co-birders go through their hobby: first, they look for a bird (either with the naked eyes or with the help of their binoculars); when they find one, they identify it; they then write it down. In case they are unable to determine the bird’s identity, they search for it in the field guide. If the bird is not in the handbook, they take down notes, make a rough drawing representing the chief features of the bird, or even take a picture of it to be used as a future reference.

A device, called the National Geographic’s Handheld Birds Personal Digital Assistant, is available for those who plan to take up birding in North America. This handy device is a digital field guide containing more than one thousand five hundred visual representations of birds. It has a searchable database of over eight hundred North American bird species.

For those seriously considering birding as a hobby but having second thoughts for fear of catching the terrible bird flu, it is important to know that you can take up the hobby and be safe from the fatal disease if you strictly observe the slogan of birders worldwide: just watch, don’t catch.

1. Which of the following is TRUE about birders?
A.Their clothing is light and they never bring hats with them.
B.They carry a telescope to have a close look at the birds.
C.After they find a bird, they usually put it into the cage.
D.They go to search for birds moving at a rapid pace.
2. Why do birders take a field guide?
A.To take down notes.
B.To take pictures of birds.
C.To find the correct route.
D.To refer to information of birds.
3. The device mentioned in Para. 4 can help birders_________.
A.look for birds
B.look at birds closely
C.make a drawing of birds
D.recognize different birds
4. What should birders do if they want to be free from bird flu?
A.Avoid catching birds.
B.Keep away from birds.
C.Give up keeping birds.
D.Wear protective clothing.

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【推荐1】When it comes to sharks, many people think of their pointy fins and violent nature. But there is more to sharks than their sharp teeth: The creature appeared on earth 410 million years ago, before dinosaurs.

However, sharks are now at the edge of extinction. Numbers of sharks have decreased by 71% over the past 50 years, according to the research published in Nature. “Such sharp decreases are shocking even to experts, especially when compared to land animal statistics,” Sonja Fordham at Shark Advocates International told New Scientist magazine. “This data(数据) may be an underestimate(低估) of reality because of unreported fish catches,” noted Nathan Pacoureau, a researcher of the study team.

The study included 31 species; 24 now risk extinction, and 3 shark species are now classified as highly endangered. The study found the decrease hit the largest species first before influencing smaller ones over time, according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature. It also said that shark finning and fishing worldwide have driven the decrease. “The Indian Ocean is the worst. There is almost no fishery management at all,” said Pacoureau.

“Overfishing of sharks destroys the health of entire ocean ecosystems as well as food safety for some countries,” said Nicholas Dulvy, a professor of Simon Fraser University in British Columbia, Canada. “The researchers are calling on immediate action to ensure a brighter future for these animals,” according to the BBC.

Although the situation looks depressing, the future of sharks is not doomed(注定)yet. 25 species have recovered because of long-term protection campaigns in the past decades. A couple of shark species have started to recover through science-based fishing limits. These examples provide living evidence that the world can set and meet biodiversity goals.

1. What can we know about sharks from the text?
A.They are faced with a bad situation.
B.They began to exist later than dinosaurs.
C.They are well preserved in the Indian Ocean.
D.They became an extinct species 5 decades ago.
2. Why are the data not exactly true according to Nathan Pacoureau?
A.They just focus on the largest species.
B.They may leave out unreported situations.
C.They disagree with some experts’ judgements.
D.They are only compared with those of land animals.
3. What is the leading cause of the sharks’ decrease?
A.Overfishing.B.Natural disasters.
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4. How is the future of sharks according to the text?
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【推荐2】In the U. S. state of Washington, a road called Interstate 90 cuts through a wild mountainous area to reach the city of Seattle. For the area's many kinds of animals, the busy highway greatly limits their movements. Animals need to move to find food, to find mates and to find new places to live. Crossing I-90 as the road is called is a risky but sometimes necessary act. But soon, animals will have a safer choice.

To help the animals, the state is finishing work on its largest-ever wildlife bridge. The 11-meter-tall, 20-meter-wide bridge begins in the forest. Workers are adding fencing anti-plants to help guide the animals across the bridge. The I-90 bridge is part of a growing number of wildlife crossings across the United States. Some are fences, some are overland bridges, and some are underpasses. They all aim to keep drivers and animals away from each other.

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Patty Garvey Darda of the U. S. Forest Service says the $6-million bridge will one day pay for itself because the highway will not have to be fully or partly closed each time a large animal is struck. “If you shut down Interstate 90, you shut down interstate trade.” she adds.

1. Why is moving across highways necessary for animals?
A.To survive.
B.To find food.
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【推荐3】Cockatoos (凤头鹦鹉) are only the third animal besides humans and chimpanzees, known to pick tools flexibly based on the tasks they expect to face according to a study recently published in Current Biology.

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