Tests during criminal investigations (调查). But the test results are not always correct. When the police asked a person questions important to a criminal case, a fast heartbeat or sweaty hands might make a nervous truth-teller appear to be lying. And, an experienced liar might be able to control those signs and avoid suspicion (怀疑).
Our eyes look at a familiar face differently than they look at an unfamiliar one. When people look at unfamiliar faces, their eyes usually move from one feature, like the shape of the nose, to other features. Their eyes stop quickly as they try to identify the unknown person. When looking at a familiar face, people usually direct their attention to just a few features. But the researchers want to know if people could change those when they are hiding the truth.
The researchers showed 48 students pictures of both strangers and professors they knew. They asked all of the students to try to appear honest while they were lying about recognizing familiar faces. The researchers told some students to stop in the same areas when they were looking at both familiar and unfamiliar faces. Their eyes would start on the person’s forehead. Next, they looked at each eye, and then moved from one ear to the other, then down to the nose, mouth and chin.
In most cases, the students who tried to hide their recognition were not able to do so. When they looked at a familiar face, their eyes still had fewer stops in the inner parts of the face. Alisa Millen, a psychology researcher at the University of Stirling, said hiding markers for facial recognition in eye movements is difficult, especially if you know that person well. She added the more the students tried to hide recognition of a face, the more obvious it was. Millen hopes that the findings can someday be used in law enforcement (执法). She believes such knowledge could help investigators have a clearer understanding of who is connected to whom in a criminal case.
1. While looking at unfamiliar faces, our eyes usually ________.| A．view more facial features with stops | B．make indirect contact with them |
| C．notice familiar features first | D．focus on their eye movements |
| A．To stop their eyes occasionally. |
| B．To fix their eyes on one facial feature. |
| C．To have longer stops on unfamiliar faces. |
| D．To observe facial features in a certain order. |
| A．The students in the study are good liars. |
| B．The findings are widely used by the police. |
| C．It’s difficult for students to hide their true thoughts. |
| D．It’s reliable to see if someone is lying by their eye movements. |
| A．Positive. | B．Doubtful. |
| C．Confused. | D．Negative. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】In a study published in Nature Communications, researchers from the University of Zurich told 50 people they’d be receiving about $100. Half of the people were asked to spend that money on themselves, and half were asked to spend it on someone they knew. Before giving out any money, the researchers brought everyone into the lab and asked them to think about a friend they’d like to give a gift to and how much they would spend. They then performed functional MRI scans ( 扫描) to get to know activity in three parts of the brain related to social behavior, generosity, happiness and decision-making.
Their choices — and their brain activity — seemed to depend on how they had promised to spend the money earlier. Those who had promised to spend money on other people tended to make more generous decisions throughout the experiment ( 实验). They also had more interaction between the parts of the brain related to altruism ( 无私) and happiness, and they reported higher levels of happiness after the experiment was over.
Another piece of good news was that planning to give away just a little bit of money had the same effects on happiness as giving away a lot. “At least in our study, the amount spent did not matter,” says lead author Philippe Tobler. “Even little things have a beneficial effect — like bringing coffee to one’s workmates.”
It’s not yet clear how long these warm feelings last after being generous. But studies have shown that older people who are generous tend to have better health, says Tobler, and other research has suggested that spending money on others can be effective at lowering blood pressure. “Moreover, there is a positive connection between helping others and life expectancy (预期寿命) ,” he adds.
Next time you think that the best way to make yourself feel better is to buy yourself a treat, consider that the opposite is likely true. “It is worth giving it a try, even if you think it would not work,” Tobler says. “Repeated practice is probably needed so that giving becomes second nature.”
1. What did the researchers find out about those promising to spend money on other people?| A．They were much happier. |
| B．They had less brain activity. |
| C．They were slower at making decisions. |
| D．They experienced higher levels of stress. |
| A．It isn’t hard to behave generously. |
| B．Being generous will pay off in the end. |
| C．The amount of generosity did not matter. |
| D．Small acts of generosity can be seen everywhere. |
| A．Ways to show generosity. |
| B．Health benefits of being generous. |
| C．Reasons for performing acts of generosity. |
| D．Influences generous people have on others. |
| A．Practice giving and make it a habit. |
| B．Don’t expect anything in return when giving. |
| C．Don’t believe happiness depends on a good treat. |
| D．Perform something good even if it may have a bad result. |
【推荐2】What’s your first memory? Whatever it is, you’re bound to treasure it. But can we actually trust them? Nothing about memory is simple. Memory is malleable. What we remember is not necessarily what happened. A memory is not a recording. It’s more like a dramatic reconstruction and one that we can keep changing without realizing it.
For any experience to be remembered, it has to be encoded (编码). This encoding is not any kind of direct translation, though. It’s a rich and complex process that creates associations and meanings. We might be remembering something very similar, but slightly changed and colored by our own sets of associations.
Psychologist Elizabeth Loftus produced groundbreaking research on eyewitness testimony (证据). Her work showed that memories can easily be influenced, even after they’ve been created. For example, if two eyewitnesses talk with each other, their memories of events often change, absorbing what they’ve heard from the other one — but they won’t realize this has happened. Similarly, witnesses who are shown an image of an innocent person, can sometimes stick it onto their memory of the actual event — a process known as unconscious transference (无意识的转移). It is estimated that around 70% of wrongful convictions (定罪), later overturned by DNA evidence, are due to mistaken eyewitness testimony.
In some cases, memories can even be deliberately created and implanted. The Lost in the Mall experiment took a test group of subjects and talked to them in depth about key childhood memories while also adding an invented one — the experience of having been lost in a shopping center. It was found that between a quarter and a third of subjects not only accepted this new memory as genuine but enriched it with specific details.
Most of us have certain key memories of being a very young child. But research suggests that they’re highly unlikely to be actual memories due to the way memory is stored in the baby brain. Your precious first memory may well not be a real memory, and we’re all perhaps living in our imaginations more than we realize.
1. What does the underlined word “malleable” in paragraph 1 mean?| A．Trustworthy. | B．False. | C．Easily changed. | D．Deeply impressive. |
| A．Powerful DNA evidence. | B．Pictures stuck in their memory. |
| C．Reduced accuracy of convictions. | D．Exchanged information between them. |
| A．It was designed to investigate mistaken eyewitness testimony. |
| B．Its subjects could recall specific details of a shopping center. |
| C．Its subjects made believe that they had been lost in a shopping center. |
| D．It demonstrated that invented experiences could be fixed in one’s memory. |
| A．The Unreliable Nature of Memory. | B．Revised Eyewitness Testimony. |
| C．Reflection on Sweet Childhood. | D．An Exploration of Truth and Fiction. |
【推荐3】Have you ever caught yourself saying, "I hate small talk!" the minute you walk into a party? If so, you might be an introvert (内向的人). Introverts hate to chat about "small" subjects with people. They are fine when you talk one on one but seem to get lost in the crowd when there's a group around.
If you're talking to an introvert, you might find that your first few conversations go one of two ways. Either they'll seem to get bored and not say much or they'll seem to skate over small talk in favor of more in-depth topics. What you need to know is that the introvert is not being rude. It’s just that they don't like small talk. Here's why.
Small talk serves as a gateway toward deeper conversation. Some introverts don’t realize that small talk will actually help them get to the bigger topics. You don't need to stay on small talk forever. However, sometimes introverts feel that even the short amount of time it takes to get into the real conversation is a waste of time. Small talk is very fast. Someone says something and this should be followed up with a quick response. But introverts like to chew on their words before saying them aloud. Before they answer, they’ll mull over different thoughts.
Small talk by its very nature invites more people to join in. The more people who join the conversation, the more the introvert will tend to step back. As a result, they’ll be quiet. Small talk is about throwing out subjects in the hope that one or more of them can be turned into a common point of interest.
The listening involved with small talk is not in-depth. The purpose is about listening "lightly" so you can figure out the right topics to spend some time on. Introverts tend to be great listeners, but they use active listening rather than light listening. This makes them wonderful friends, but can also make it difficult for new people to understand why they’re so quiet.
1. How do introverts respond to a chat?| A．They try to avoid it. |
| B．They get excited about it. |
| C．They give it their full attention. |
| D．They focus on unimportant topics. |
| A．It goes slowly. |
| B．It costs people a lot of time. |
| C．It contributes to deeper topics. |
| D．It makes no sense. |
| A．Give up. | B．Think over. |
| C．Write down. | D．Forget about. |
| A．Figure out the deep meaning of questions. |
| B．Think twice before answering questions. |
| C．Try to find shared topics. |
| D．Be a quiet listener. |
【推荐1】Palaces are often built with the intent to show off the wealth and splendour of royalties.The first palace on the list was so spectacular that it inspired some other royalties to build theirs in response, meanwhile, the last on the list inspired Disney’s Cinderella castle.
Palace of Versailles, France
The Palace of Versailles was the principal royal residence of France from 1682 until the start of the French Revolution in 1789. It is located in the region of Île-de-France, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the centre of Paris.
The palace is now a historical monument and UNESCO World Heritage site. It received millions of visitors every year, making it one of the most visited monuments in France.
The Forbidden City, China
The Forbidden City served as the home of Chinese emperors and was the ceremonial and political centre of the Chinese government for almost 500 years. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1987. Since 2012, it has seen an average of 14 million visitors annually and received more than 19 million visitors in 2019.
Schönbrunn Palace, Austria
A summer retreat for the Hapsburg rulers of Austria, the Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna was built by Emperor Leopold I between 1696 and 1712.
UNESCO catalogued Schönbrunn Palace on the World Heritage List in 1996, together with its gardens, as a remarkable Baroque ensemble and example of the synthesis of the arts. Schönbrunn is Vienna’s most popular tourist destination.
Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany
Neuschwanstein Castle is a 19th-century Romanesque Revival palace on a rugged hill near Füssen in southwest Bavaria, Germany. The palace was built by Ludwig II of Bavaria as a retreat and in honour of the opera composer Richard Wagner.
The castle was intended as a home for the king, until he died in 1886. It was open to the public shortly after his death. More than 1.3 million people visit annually, with as many as 6,000 per day in the summer.
1. What do we know about the Palace of Versailles?| A．It is located in the center of Paris. |
| B．It is an inspiration for some castles in other countries. |
| C．It is one of the least popular tourist attractions in France. |
| D．It is the original model for Disney’s Cinderella castle. |
| A．One | B．Two |
| C．Three | D．Four |
| A．Palace of Versailles, France | B．The Forbidden City, China |
| C．Schönbrunn Palace, Austria | D．Neuschwanstein Castle, Germany |
【推荐2】Researchers from Arizona State University (ASU) published their latest report. When men expressed their opinions with anger, people considered them more believable. But when women expressed anger, they were viewed as more emotional and, thus, less convincing. In other words, a man could benefit from using anger in power and persuasion. A woman, however, could be ignored or hurt by her group if she expressed anger.
The study was based on the responses of 210 students. They were shown evidence online from a murder (谋杀) trial. A man was said to have murdered his wife. The students were asked to decide if the man was guilty or not. Before making their decisions, the students discussed the case online with five jurors (陪审员). But these jurors were computers generating responses and comments. Some of the jurors had made identities. Others had female identities.
Some male jurors were anger about the verdict (裁决). When this happened, the students reacted by doubting their own decisions about the case. Confidence in their responses on the verdict dropped. However, when female jurors seemed angry, the students became more confident in their original verdicts.
Jessica Salerno, a psychologist and co-author of the study, said, “Our results provide something important for any woman who is trying to have an influence on a decision in her workplace and everyday life.”
In a political debate, a female candidate might have less influence if she shows anger. In the entertainment world, actor Jennifer Lawrence recently wrote that women and men in Hollywood get the opposite reactions when expressing their opinions angrily. “All I hear and see are men speaking their opinions,” she wrote. “When I give mine in the quite similar manner, you would have thought I said something annoying.”
1. What’s the new finding from the ASU report?| A．Men usually do harm to angry women. | B．Women are more likely to become angry. |
| C．People prefer to believe the angry women. | D．Angry men appear to gain influence in a group. |
| A．male jurors agreed with them | B．they became angry with the jurors |
| C．angry female jurors didn’t agree with them | D．angry male jurors showed opposite opinions |
| A．helps women avoid losing influence | B．asks men to get away from angry women |
| C．causes men to change their attitude to women | D．shows men and women should be treated equally |
| A．presenting research findings | B．setting down general rules |
| C．making comparisons | D．giving examples |
【推荐3】High school seniors missed out on so much in 2023—no proms, no traditional graduation ceremonies. But that has not stopped some of them trying to solve the world’s biggest challenges. And Lillian Kay Petersen from Los Alamos, New Mexico, is among them.
Petersen invented a simple tool for predicting harvests early in the growing season, which could facilitate food allocation(分配) planning and offer useful resources to those working to tackle global food insecurity. She first tested her tool, which analyzed daily satellite imagery using accepted measures of vegetation health, on known domestic crop data. She then carried out experiments for countries in Africa and successfully predicted harvests with high accuracy against reported production.
Petersen won first place and the $250,000 top award in the Regeneron Science Talent Search 2023, one of the oldest and most reputable science and math competitions for high school seniors in the US.
In 2014, Petersen’s family adopted her three younger brothers and sisters, all of whom suffered from malnutrition due to food insecurity in their childhood. Their struggles against the lifelong effects left a deep impression on her. After reading about a disastrous drought in Ethiopia between 2018 and 2019, she put her computer science knowledge to use. “I wanted to find a way to help aid organizations monitor crop condition as droughts evolve, to help them respond to food crises with a better time, and to help children so that they don’t face malnutrition and lifelong consequences,” she said.
While in high school, she began monitoring droughts in Africa using satellite imagery. Later, she published her first paper on the subject in a peer-reviewed journal. She has also met with the International Food Policy Research Institute to discuss the global pandemic and its effects on crop production in Africa.
1. What benefit could Petersen’s invention bring?| A．It could ensure food security. | B．It could boost crop production. |
| C．It could collect crop data accurately. | D．It could make food distribution planning easier. |
| A．What inspired Petersen to invent the tool. |
| B．Why food crises in Africa were so serious. |
| C．When Petersen began to monitor crop condition. |
| D．Why Petersen’s brothers and sisters were adopted. |
| A．Innovative and far-sighted. | B．Generous and committed. |
| C．Competent and risk-taking. | D．Intelligent and competitive. |
| A．To draw public attention to food insecurity. |
| B．To emphasize challenges Africans encounter. |
| C．To appeal to young people to handle global issues. |
| D．To share the benefits of conducting scientific research. |
Read the advertisements carefully．Then answer the questions that follow．
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1. The position of a(n)_______is a part-time job．
| A．florist |
| B．artist |
| C．preschool teacher |
| D．dental nurse |
| A．The ability to work well with other people． |
| B．Childcare experience． |
| C．The ability to start work in two weeks． |
| D．Cooking skills． |
| A．15 |
| B．5 |
| C．10 |
| D．20 |
【推荐2】A long time ago, being happy was considered to be something that just happened, and there was nothing special about it. But now we know that getting along with other people is something that we can work at. It is possible to act in such a way that other people will like us better. One way is being unselfish (无私的), not wanting everything from our friends. Another way is to look for good points, not bad ones in other people. It is surprising how successful this treasure hunt (珍宝) can be.
You don’t have to be spineless (软弱的) in order to be popular. In fact, you will be liked and respected if you are not afraid to stand up for your rights. But do it politely and pleasantly. Being friendly and polite to your group, to other people and to strangers and especially to those who do not look important or do not interest you is one way to develop a good character.
You can not expect to be perfect, and so you must learn not to be unhappy when you make mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes, and no one is to be blamed unless he refuses to learn from them. Many young people become discouraged when they know in themselves qualities that they do not like—selfishness, laziness, and other unpleasant qualities. Just remember that we all have some of these faults and have to fight against them.
At the same time, it is important to remember that, while you are probably no worse than others, the best way to be happy is to think yourself above other people. When something is wrong, it is good sense to try to make it right. Perhaps you don’t like a teacher or a classmate. Try to see why, and look at yourself, too. To be sure that you are not doing anything to make that person dislike you. Some day, things may turn out all right, then you will have to learn to get along the best with situation, without thinking too much about it. Worrying never helps in a situation you can’t change.
1. Which is one of the two ways the writer suggested for us to get along with others?| A．To look for treasure in order to be successful. |
| B．To draw attention of our friends. |
| C．To pay more attention to others’ good points. |
| D．To demand the best share of everything. |
| A．Avoid arguing with other people. | B．Be polite and friendly. |
| C．Give up some rights. | D．Try to change his or her character. |
| A．refuses to learn from their faults |
| B．is very happy about his unpleasant quality |
| C．is no better than others |
| D．is selfish and lazy |
| A．show you the way to be happy |
| B．teach you how to be popular among your friends |
| C．train you to be a perfect person |
| D．tell you how to act when you dislike a person |
【推荐3】Harvard Summer Programs for High School Students
Are you a high school student aged 15 to 18? Then consider spending your summer at Harvard, where you can explore a variety of college-level courses, live and learn alongside a diverse set of peers, thus paving the way for a successful college experience you desire before your real college life. It is also an opportunity to expand your worldview, meet new people from all over the globe, and gain valuable knowledge and skills.
Pre-College Program
A two-week experience featuring noncredit courses
Join other curious high school students on campus at Harvard, and explore topics as wide ranging as American law, philosophy, public speaking, the sciences, and writing. The program features:
★On-campus housing with fellow pre-college students.
★Structured days with weekday class meetings and pre-college activities.
During your two weeks at Harvard, you attend class for three hours a day and participate in college readiness workshops or team-building events. In the evenings, you eat in the dining hall, finish homework in your room, and attend social activities.
Secondary School Program
College courses for credit in a seven-week session
This is your test-drive of college. At Harvard, you are fully involved in college life— balancing time between classes, homework, and after-school activities.
The program features：
★College courses you attend alongside current college students from around the world.
★Credit you can transfer to a college in the future.
★The choice to live on campus, commute, or study online.
★The freedom to schedule your days.
You may choose to enroll in one or two courses. Outside the classroom, you can attend workshops, take trips to nearby colleges, and join in activities like sports and musical pursuits. A healthy balance of organized events and free time allows you the independence you will find in college.
1. What will the Summer Programs help the participants to do?| A．Adapt to the college life in advance. | B．Become a would-be college student. |
| C．Get an admission to Harvard. | D．Change high school courses. |
| A．Organize events as assistant teachers. |
| B．Study together with current college students. |
| C．Get credit needed for college courses. |
| D．Live on campus with other pre-college students. |
| A．Some job opportunities are offered. |
| B．Students can take courses in a flexible way. |
| C．It provides chances to explore the world. |
| D．Specially-designed tests are included. |
【推荐1】A fisherman I know named Joar Hesten called me late in April 2019. A white whale was swimming around his boat near the northern tip of Norway. It appeared to be wrapped in a tight strap (背带), and Hesten didn’t know what to do. White whales are usually found in pods in areas with ice and glaciers — rarely alone along the Norwegian coast. As a marine (海洋的) biologist, I knew that the strap needed to be removed as soon as possible.
We contacted the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries Sea Surveillance Service. When inspector Jorgen Ree Wiig and his crew met with the fishing boat, the nearly 12-foot-long male eagerly engaged with them. He’d clearly been trained. The mystery deepened when Hesten got into the water to remove the strap. Attached to the strap was a camera mount (支架) with the words “Equipment St. Petersburg”.
A week after his discovery, Hvaldimir — the whale, followed a sailboat to Hammerfest harbor, about 25 miles from where he was first spotted. That’s where I photographed him in early May. I had traveled to Hammerfest to determine his physical condition. He was thin: He wasn’t eating on his own and seemed unlikely to survive in the wild. Later the authorities decided to feed him; his meals became daily tourist attractions in Hammerfest.
Training such a whale is expensive and time-consuming, yet no one claimed him. The Norwegian Police Security Service got on the case, and a German journalist used crowdsourcing to track the strap logo to an outdoor-equipment supplier in St Petersburg.
In June Hvaldimir left Hammerfest, in much better shape than when he arrived. Since then he has traveled along the coast of northern Norway, apparently feeding himself. Many people have opinions about what to do with Hvaldimir. Should the lone whale be placed in a dolphinarium (海豚馆), moved to a habitat, or just left to himself ? So far, he seems to be doing fine on his own.
1. Why did Hesten give the author a call?| A．To respond to greetings as an old friend. |
| B．To complain about the behavior of inspectors. |
| C．To ask him how to help a trapped whale. |
| D．To tell him increasing whale numbers along the coast. |
| A．Frightened. | B．Confused. |
| C．Embarrassed. | D．Disappointed. |
| A．He was spied on by a sailboat. | B．He was attached to a new camera. |
| C．He was ordered to perform each day. | D．He was supplied with food regularly. |
| A．Keep Hvaldimir in the wild. | B．Return Hvaldimir to his owner. |
| C．Establish a reserve for Hvaldimir. | D．Invest more money in training Hvaldimir. |
【推荐2】Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive? When someone tells you something that is true, but leaves out important information that should be included, he can give you a false picture.
For example, some might say, “I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy's a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. In fact, he bought $200 worth of tickets. He's really a big loser!
He didn't say anything that was false, but he left out important information on purpose. That's called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just dishonest.
Some politicians often use this trick. During Governor Smith's last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents says, “During Governor Smith's term, the state lost one million jobs!” That's true. However, an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith's term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It's against the law to make false statements sol they try to mislead you with the truth. An advertisement might say, “Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache.” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company.
This kind of deception happens too often. It's a sad fact of life: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.
1. What do the underlined words “net gain” in Paragraph 5 mean?| A．Final increase. | B．Large share. |
| C．Big advantage. | D．Total saving. |
| A．buy lottery tickets. | B．make use of half-truths. |
| C．not take anything at face value. | D．not trust the Yucky Company. |
| A．Advertisements are based on facts. | B．Doctors like to act in advertisements. |
| C．False statements are easy to see through. | D．Half-truths are often used to mislead people. |
| A．By listing examples. | B．By comparing. |
| C．By inferring. | D．By listing numbers. |
【推荐3】Blue Planet II's latest episode(一集) focuses on how plastic is having a disastrous effect on the ocean and slowly poisoning our sea creatures. Researchers recently also found that sea creatures living in the deepest place on Earth, the Mariana Trench，have plastic in their stomachs. Indeed, the oceans are drowning in plastic．
Though it seems now that the world couldn't possibly function without plastics， plastics used by consumers are a remarkably recent invention. The first plastic bags were introduced in the 1950s; the same decade that plastic packaging began gaining in popularity in the United States. This growth has happened so fast that science is still catching up with the change. Plastics pollution research, for instance, is still a very early science．
We put all these plastics into the environment and we still don't really know what the outcomes are going to be. What we do know, though, is disturbing. Ocean plastic is estimated to kill millions of marine animals every year. Nearly 700 species，including endangered ones, are known to have been affected by it. One in three leatherback turtles, which often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating plastics on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent．
And it's not just wildlife that is threatened by the plastics in our seas. Humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. I could understand why some people see ocean plastic as a disaster, worth mentioning to the same degree as climate change. But ocean plastic is not as complicated as climate change. There are no ocean trash deniers （否认者）, at least so far. To do something about it, we don't have to remake our planet energy system．
This is not a problem where we don't know what the solution is. We know how to pick up garbage．Anyone can do it．We know how to dispose （处理） of it. We know how to recycle. We can all start by thinking twice before we use plastic products. Things may seem ordinary, like using a reusable bottle or a reusable bag. But when taken collectively, these choices really do make a difference．
1. Why is plastics pollution research still a very early science?| A．The plastics pollution research is too difficult． |
| B．Plastics have produced less pollution than coal． |
| C．The world couldn't possibly function without plastics． |
| D．Plastics have gained in popularity too fast for science to catch up． |
| A．By statistics． |
| B．By quotations from leading experts． |
| C．By using examples from his own experience． |
| D．By comparison and contrast． |
| A．Climate change is caused by human activities． |
| B．Climate change is not as simple as ocean pollution． |
| C．Climate change is less important than ocean pollution． |
| D．Ocean plastic is more complicated than climate change． |
| A．Ocean pollution is a global issue． |
| B．The oceans become choked with plastic． |
| C．Blue Planet II has left viewers heartbroken． |
| D．Plastics gain in popularity all over the world |
