According to the CDC, insufficient sleep is a public health problem, with over a third of adult sin the U.S. getting less than the recommended seven to eight hours per night.
Your brain doesn’t work as well.
When you don’t get adequate sleep, it takes a toll on your brain to function. “MRI imaging shows lack of sleep reduces blood flow to areas of the brain that control higher level thought processes.“ says Richard Shane, a behavioral sleep specialist. ”It impairs your problem-solving abilities, and decreases constructive thinking skills and logical reasoning.”
You’ve probably noticed that you wake up “on the wrong side of the bed” if you haven't got enough shut-eye.“ Sleep deprivation affects mood,” Breus says. “It makes you see everything in a more negative light because your emotions are more volatile when sleep deprived.”
Your heart could suffer.
Your skin looks haggard.
Turns out, “beauty sleep” is a real thing, studies show.
You gain weight.
Dr. Shah says two specific hormones that regulate eating behavior are affected. Ghrelin, which increases appetite, is high in people with sleep deprivation.
In order to get better sleep, experts recommend going to bed and waking up at the same time every day exercising earlier in the day, getting 15 minutes of sunlight to set your body clock, avoiding screen time before bed, and keeping your bedroom dark.
| A．You become forgetful. |
| B．You feel annoyed or burst into anger easily. |
| C．Your heart may suffer if you often sleep little in the long term. |
| D．The following are the harms of lack of sleep that you should know. |
| E．You may think the only effect of sleep deprivation is that you’re really tired. |
| F．On the other hand, levels of leptin, which lowers appetite, is low in sleep-deprived people. |
| G．Sleep plays an important role in the generation of cells, which is important for healing and in skin problems. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】With COVID-19 virus still living around us, there has never been a better time to remind us of the easiest and most effective way to avoid the spread of the infectious disease: washing your hands properly.
Wash your fingertips and nails. If you think about it, most of the touching and most of the viruses are on your fingertips and under your fingernails.
Wash your hands quickly after returning from the outside.
Let’s wash our hands properly every day.
| A．Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds |
| B．If you think you didn’t get anything on your hands |
| C．So even if it makes your hands feel annoyingly wet |
| D．Wash your hands after every trip to the bathroom before eating |
| E．It is one of the best ways for us to stay healthy and protect our families |
| F．COVID-19 viruses can survive on hands and other surfaces for 15 to 30 minutes |
| G．But they are parts of your hands that are often ignored during the hand washing |
【推荐2】In 2020, American National Youth Tobacco Survey found that more than 3.6 millon youth had used e-cigarettes. That means e-cigarette use has gone beyond traditional cigarette use in young people.
There are some reasons for that. Many young people are curious to try out some new flavors (味道) in e-cigarettes, like chocolate, lemon and strawberry. In fact, research has shown that the interesting flavors are what lead kids to experiment with e-cigarettes in the first place. Besides, when seeing some friends using them, the youth would probably have a try, too, believing that e-cigarettes are much cooler than traditional cigarettes. Last, they falsely believe me-cigarettes are harmless to their health since no smelly gases are produced in the process.
Many young users do not realize e-cigarettes have dangerously high levels of nicotine (尼古丁), sometimes as much as that of an entire pack of cigarettes, so that they are pretty harmful to their health and highly addictive. There has been a rise of stories in the media about kids who use e-cigarettes developing serious breathing problems. And nicotine may harm their developing brain, as brain development continues through about age 25. Also, nicotine can affect their ability to concentrate, learn and exercise.
Another huge risk is the fact that e-cigarettes blow up, thus causing serious injuries. According to a 2019 study from the U.S. Fire Department, e-cigarettes caused serious injuries to users including breaking their jaws (下巴 ) or knocking out their teeth. Meanwhile, another study found that injuries from e-cigarette use resulted in nearly 2,000 emergency room visits between 2018and 2020.
In the U.S, it is now illegal for anyone under the age of 21 to buy e-cigarettes. What's more, the government now requires e-cigarettes to contain a warning about the addictiveness of nicotine.
1. What is the major reason why teenagers begin to smoke e-cigarettes?| A．They want to copy what their friends have done. |
| B．They think using e-cigarettes makes them look cooler. |
| C．They believe e-cigarettes are much safer than cigarettes. |
| D．They are curious about the inviting flavors of e-cigarettes. |
| A．Nicotine in e-cigarettes. | B．Slow brain development. |
| C．Lack of physical exercise. | D．Serious breathing problems. |
| A．To prove his opinion. | B．To compare different results. |
| C．To give detailed information. | D．To explain research methods. |
| A．E-cigarettes are rather harmful to young people. | B．Many young people get addicted to e-cigarettes. |
| C．People under 21 are forbidden to use e-cigarettes. | D．Risk awareness of e-cigarette smoking should be raised. |
【推荐3】It is a war without guns, bombs, or smoke. A new coronavirus (新冠肺炎), a deadly disease, breaks out all over the world. More than 2.7 million present confirmed cases are reported recently, WHO says, adding that the cases have resulted in more than 325 thousand deaths. What should you do to keep yourself from this virus?
1. Clean hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub.
It is quite necessary to clean your hands with soap and water completely for at least 20 seconds before you have meals and after using the toilet, especially after you return home. If you are not careful enough to contact with animals or deal with animal wastes, you’d better wash your hands with alcohol-based rub.
2.
When it comes to human to human transmission (传播) of the viruses, it often happens when someone comes into contact with an infected person’s secretions (分泌物), such as droplets (小水滴，飞沫) in a cough. Therefore, when you cough or sneeze, you should cover your mouth and nose with a tissue, or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hand directly.
3. Wear masks.
Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected. Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin.
4. Take exercise regularly.
All in all, if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory infection, you must seek immediate medical attention.
| A．A mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others. |
| B．Taking exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to stay away from the virus. |
| C．Here are some suggestions you can follow in your daily life. |
| D．If you want to take exercise, you should get up early. |
| E．Animals are very dangerous. |
| F．Viruses can spread from human contact with animals. |
| G．Cover nose and mouth while coughing and sneezing. |
