A trial project by the Montreal Children's Hospital suggested that the use of medical hypnosis（催眠）can reduce pain and anxiety in patients. The project also resulted in a reduction in the amount of medicines used to perform medical-imaging（医学影像）procedures.
"During the examination children don't move. It works perfectly. It's amazing," said Johanne L'Ecuyer, a medical-imaging technologist at the hospital.
The project was inspired by a French team from Rouen University Hospital Centre where examinations are done under hypnosis instead of general anesthesia（麻醉）.
A French medical- imaging technologist—also a hypnotist—was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital. In all, 80 examinations were conducted for the project between January and September, 2019, focusing on the imaging procedures that would cause anxiety.
Hypnosis is not a state of sleep: It is rather a modified（改变的）state of consciousness. The technologist will guide the patient to this modified state—an imaginary world that will disassociate itself more and more from the procedure that follows.
"The technologist must build up a story with the patient," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about. Do you play sports? Do you like going to the beach? We establish a subject that we will discuss throughout the procedure."
Everything that happens next during the procedure must be related to this story—an injection（注射）becomes the bite of an insect; the heat on the skin becomes the sensation of the sun and a machine that rings becomes a police car passing nearby.
"The important thing is that the technologist associates what is happening outside the patient's body with what the patient sees in his head," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. "It requires creativity on the part of the technologist, imagination, a lot of patience and kindness."
The procedure appealed to the staff a lot when it was introduced in January. "It spread like wildfire that someone from France was here to train the technologists," Ms. L'Ecuyer said. She added that she had a line of staff at her door wanting to take the training.
1. One of the results produced by the trial project is________.| A．a better understanding of children | B．less use of certain medicines |
| C．new medical-imaging technology | D．an improved reputation of the hospital |
| A．creating a perfect world for patients |
| B．forcing patients into a state of deep sleep |
| C．putting patients into an unconscious state |
| D．leading patients' consciousness away from reality |
| A．It should keep pace with the procedure. |
| B．It reflects the patient's creativity. |
| C．It is selected by the technologist. |
| D．It tells what doctors are doing to the patient. |
| A．An easy way to communicate with patients. |
| B．The standard method of conducting hypnosis. |
| C．An introduction of medical-imaging technology. |
| D．The use of hypnosis in medical-imaging procedures. |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】Many college students turn to ADHD (注意缺陷障碍) medicine during the exam week, which is regarded as “smart drugs” that will help their academic performance. The thinking is that if the drugs help students with ADHD improve their focus, they should provide the same benefit for people who don’t have the disorder.
But a new study shows that drugs can actually damage brain function of healthy students who take the drug hoping to boost their intelligence. “It’s not a smart drug which will suddenly improve their ability to understand information they read,” said Lisa Weyandt, a professor at the University of Rhode Island.
To test whether this effect is real or not, researchers organized 13 students to take part in two five-hour study sessions (一段时间) in the lab. The students took the standard 30mg ADHD drugs before one session, and a sugar pill before the other. Students on ADHD drugs did experience an increase in their blood pressure and heart rates. “The medicine was having an effect on their brain,” Weyandt said. The students also showed an improvement in their ability to focus, the researchers found.
However, students on ADHD drugs experienced no improvement in reading comprehension, reading fluency or knowledge reviews, compared to when they’d taken a sugar pill. “We read aloud stories to them and asked them to recall information from the stories, ”she said. “That didn’t improve.”
Worse, the ADHD drug actually harms students’ memory. It’s often misused because people pull all-nighters and they’re tired, and they think it’s going to keep them awake. Maybe it does, but it’s certainly not going to help their academic work. The brain is still developing until the mid to late 20s. It’s important to keep it healthy. There’s also a chance that ADHD drugs could endanger a student’s heart health.
1. Why do many college students turn to ADHD medicine during exam week?| A．To improve their focus and academic performance. |
| B．To boost their intelligence and understanding of information. |
| C．To stay awake during all-night study sessions. |
| D．To improve their memory and reading comprehension. |
| A．stabilize | B．make good use of | C．better | D．understand |
| A．The drugs significantly improved their reading comprehension. |
| B．The drugs enhanced their memory and knowledge recall. |
| C．The drugs increased their heart rate and blood pressure. |
| D．The drugs had no impact on their ability to focus. |
| A．Neither reading comprehension nor memory improved. |
| B．Reading comprehension improved but memory declined. |
| C．Reading comprehension and memory significantly improved. |
| D．Reading comprehension declined but memory improved. |
【推荐2】Schedule an Appointment at the Center for Women’s Health
Please call your doctor’s office or the clinic as far in advance as possible to schedule your appointments. This will make it easier to choose times that are most convenient for you.
Be sure to register after you have scheduled your first appointment. Registration helps each clinic correctly identify you and your medical information.
If your health plan restricts the clinics you can use, be sure your plan has approved the healthcare you are requesting. This will help you avoid unexpected fees.
Checklist of information you will need when making an appointment
We will ask you for the following information：
Your name
Your date of birth or Social Security number (this helps ensure that your medical information is not confused with someone who has a similar name)
Reasons for the appointment (be as specific as possible so that we can reserve the right amount of time for your visit)
Whether you want a particular doctor or the first available appointment
Canceling an appointment
If you cannot keep your appointment, please call your doctor’s office or clinic as soon as possible or no later than the day before. We realize that sometimes emergencies come up and your plans may change. However, giving us as much notice as possible helps us better serve you and our other patients. When you call, we will help you reschedule for another day and time.
1. From the passage which one is Not true?| A．You can choose some time to make an appointment as long as it’s convenient. |
| B．You need to register after making your time. |
| C．You don’t need to call your doctor ahead of schedule. |
| D．You can avoid some unexpected cost if you choose some suitable clinics. |
| A．The appointment with a doctor. |
| B．The Social Security number. |
| C．The birth place. |
| D．The reasons for an appointment. |
| A．April 12. | B．April 13. |
| C．April 15. | D．April 11. |
【推荐3】It was in my first year of work as a doctor. My mouth was dry, my hands shaking and my voice trembling. The only thing that kept me focused was the thought that things were so much worse for the family I was talking to.
A woman in her early twenties had been brought in after a road traffic accident. She had suffered multiple injuries and had been rushed up to hospital. The doctors had been unable to save her life and she died on the table. Ashen-faced, the consultant (会诊医生) told the woman’s family the news. “Tom, I think it would be nice if it came from you.” my consultant said.
I stared blankly. “What?” I asked.
“About organ donation (器官捐献).” he replied. Surely this would be the last thing they’d want to talk about. It felt worse to be considering this kind of conversation while they were being engulfed (陷入) in sadness. But the problem with organ donations that every minute counts. The clock is ticking because the sooner organs can be transplanted (移植), the better the chance they will survive in the recipient’s (接受者) body.
I began to feel sick. I opened the door and sat opposite them, made sure that I was only going to make things worse for them. “It’s what she’d have wanted.” the mother said before I’d even finished. The father nodded. “She was always so generous.” her father added.
As my consultant and I left them, it occurred to me that I’d been wrong in thinking it would be an awkward conversation. Nothing could take away the pain of having lost their daughter. Yet this last, final act had comforted them and helped them feel that the spirit of their daughter lived on in this act of generosity. Strangely, it is one of the most heart-warming conversations I have ever had.
1. The first two paragraphs suggest ________.| A．it was hard for the author to face death |
| B．the author has worked for more than 2 years |
| C．the author witnessed the traffic accident |
| D．the bad news was not told at last |
| A．He failed to transplant the organ. |
| B．He was seriously ill at that time. |
| C．He didn’t know what to do. |
| D．He was taken to the hospital at once. |
| A．To help the author. |
| B．To follow the daughter’s will. |
| C．To show respect for the doctor. |
| D．To finish the conversation. |
| A．The recipient’s thanks. |
| B．The author’s illness. |
| C．The consultant’s help. |
| D．The donor’s kindness. |
【推荐1】Death Valley is one of the most famous deserts in the United States, covering a wide area with its alkali（碱性的）sand. Almost 20 percent of this area is well below sea level, and Badwater, a salt water pool, is about 280 feet below sea level and the lowest point in the United States.
Long ago the Panamint Indians called this place “Tomesha”— the land of fire. Death Valley’s present name dates back to 1849, when a group of miners coming across from Nevada became lost in its unpleasantness and hugeness and their adventure turned out to be a sad story. Today Death Valley has been declared a National Monument(纪念碑) and is crossed by several well-marked roads where good services can be found easily. Luckily the change created by human settlement has hardly ruined the special beauty of this place.
Here nature created a lot of surprising, almost like the sights on the moon, ever-changing as the frequent wind moves the sand about, showing the most unusual colors. One of the most astonishing and variable parts of Death Valley is the Devil’ s Golf Course, where it seems hard for one to tell reality from terrible dreams. Sand sculptures(沙雕) stand on a frightening ground, as evening shadows move and lengthen.
1. _______ is the lowest place in the desert.| A．Tomesha | B．Death Valley |
| C．Nevada | D．Badwater |
| A．an Indian name | B．the death of the miners |
| C．the local people | D．a National Movement |
| A．no one had ever known the desert before the miners |
| B．it’s still not easy to travel across the desert |
| C．people can find gas-stations, cafes and hotels in the desert |
| D．people have changed the natural sight of the desert |
| A．appreciates | B．is fearful of |
| C．dislikes | D．is tired of |
【推荐2】Everybody hates rats (big mice). But in the earthquake capitals of the world — Japan, Los Angeles and Turkey — rats will soon be man’s best friends.
What happens after an earthquake？We send in rescue dogs. Why？Because they can smell people. Dogs save lives. They help rescuers to find living people. But dogs are big and they can’t get into small spaces. So now a new research project is using a smaller animal to save lives: the rat.
How does it work？First, the rat is trained to smell people. When this happens, the rat’s brain gives a signal (信号). This is sent to a small radio on its back, and then the rescuers follow the radio signal. When the rat’s brain activity jumps, the rescuers know that someone is alive. The rat has smelled that person.
Although there are already robots which can do this job, rats are better. Christian Linster at Cornell University, New York, says, “Robots’ noses don’t work well when there are other smells around. Rats are good at that.” Rats can also see in the dark. They are cheaper and quicker to train than dogs, and unlike robots, they don’t need electricity!
The “rat project” is not finished, but Julie Ryan of International Rescue Organization in Scotland says, “It would be wonderful. A rat can get into spaces we can’t get to, and a rat will get out if it isn’t safe.” Perhaps for the first time in history, people will be happy to see a rat in a building (but only after an earthquake, of course).
1. In the world earthquake capitals, rats will become man’s best friends because they can .| A．take the place of man’s rescue jobs |
| B．find the position of living people who are trapped in buildings |
| C．serve as food for living people who are trapped in buildings |
| D．get into small spaces |
| A．the noise made by the rat | B．the rat’s unusual behavior |
| C．the signal sent by the radio on the rat’s back | D．the smell given off by the person |
| A．they are more lovely than other animals |
| B．they are less expensive to train than dogs |
| C．they don’t need electricity |
| D．they are small and can get into small places |
| A．at present rats have taken the place of dogs in searching for people |
| B．the “rat project” has been completed |
| C．people are now happy to see a rat in a building |
| D．now people still use dogs and robots in performing rescues |
【推荐3】Fear Of Missing Out (FOMO)
We’ve all felt it; that uncomfortable feeling when you look through your social media feed and see photos of friends having a better time than you, or that feeling when you read about a friend’s amazing job that you chose the wrong life path. This feeling is called FOMO, or fear of missing out.
Although people have felt FOMO for hundreds of years, the growth of social media seems to have made the phenomenon (现象) worse. For many, it has now become habit to compare your life with others’ lives — or rather the highlights of their lives; something that previous generations could not do so readily. This skews your sense of normal and brings about feelings like hate, envy and dissatisfaction. What’s more, marketers have made use of FOMO phenomenon as a means to drive sales. Sales that last a limited time and pop-ups that show other people buying all take advantage of our FOMO.
Since the FOMO phenomenon was recognised, it has been increasingly studied by scientists eager to discover its trends and influences. Scientists at Carleton and McGill University discovered that negative FOMO feelings were experienced more often towards the end of the day and at the end of the week and that FOMO was experienced more by people carrying out obligatory (强制性的) work, like jobs and study.
This is not to say that people only experience FOMO when they join in an mundane (单调的) activity. In a follow-up study, researchers found that participants who specifically selected one activity over another experienced FOMO when reminded about the other activity, even if their chosen activity was sociable and enjoyable, and if the other was unsociable. Moreover, they experienced FOMO whether they were reminded about the other activity through social media or in conversation.
Interestingly, although FOMO is widely connected with teenagers and young adults and those who use social media, research has found that people of all ages experience it. Researchers at Washington State University found that it is more closely linked to factors like loneliness and low self-respect. However, for those people, social media can make the problem worse.
Some researchers recognise an upside to FOMO, saying that it can drive you to take action, connect with others and get out of your comfort zone. More often than not, though, FOMO leads to increasing loneliness and even FOJI, fear of joining in, in the belief that your own insights or contributions will not be valued.
A rising counter-culture to FOMO, though, is JOMO — the joy of missing out. This includes the pleasure and satisfaction of a night in, doing what you enjoy best, turning off your phone notifications and living in the moment, focusing not on what you lack but on what you have.
1. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 probably mean?| A．Influences. | B．Reflects. | C．Causes. | D．Strengthens. |
| A．results in JOMO and FOJI in the end |
| B．makes people eager to join in sociable activities |
| C．is more often felt by those with low self-respect |
| D．has come into being since the social media appeared |
| A．Offering customers good bargains in the sale. |
| B．Comparing the goods with the ones in other shops. |
| C．Showing an advertisement about the quality of the goods. |
| D．Reminding customers that many people have bought the goods. |
