【推荐1】People may set an alarm on the phone or clock that sounds like this: beep beep beep(嘟嘟声). That hard, unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess (东倒西歪). So, is there a better way to wake up? A recent study says yes. The answer is music.

The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, involved 50 people. The researchers found that people who wake up to musical alarms reported feeling more awake and alert. Stuart McFarlane, a lead writer of the study stated, “We are very surprised by these findings as one might expect a harsh(难听的)beeping sound to be more successful at waking up a person.”

Sleep inertia(惯性)is another term for grogginess. It means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up, and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping. McFarlane said people need to better understand sleep inertia’s harmful effects on human performance later in the day.

Not everyone will experience the full effect. But for those who do, “care should be taken” when performing duties that require a top performance within this period, he said. This includes “dangerous tasks like driving or riding our bikes” shortly after waking up. The same is true for people who work in dangerous situations shortly after they wake, including firefighters and pilots.

So, what makes musical alarms better for waking up? The researchers think the music may be more successful in reducing sleep inertia because it has several tones, compared to the single tone of a “beeping” alarm. McFarlane said that the changes over time between the music tones may help increase a person’s attention when waking from sleep.

And is there a kind of music that is best to wake up to? There may be, McFarlane said. “We could suggest alarm sounds that are tuneful (和谐的) and easy to hum or sing along with. The current sounds I have been using include ‘Close to me’ by the Cure and ‘Borderline’ by Madonna.” No matter how you wake up, experts say, the amount of sleep you get also matters — a lot.

1. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?

A．What is grogginess?	B．How can we overcome grogginess?
C．Which music is the best?	D．Why are musical alarms better?

2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．How long a person sleeps is of great importance.

B．Sleep inertia is another cause for grogginess.

C．The ‘beeping’ alarm is not effective mainly because of its noisy tone.

D．It is dangerous for everyone to drive or ride bicycles shortly after waking up.

3. The paragraph following this passage is likely to focus on ________.

A．examples of good musical alarms

B．more findings of the application of music

C．explanations about why music is more helpful

D．suggestions on how to sleep well and feel fresh each morning

4. In which section of a magazine may you find the passage?

A．Education.	B．Health.
C．Technology.	D．Entertainment.

【推荐3】According to a new study, running 50 minutes a week, at a pace between 10- and 7.5-minute mile, helped lower the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and other causes. Working out more than that didn’t mean more health benefits, say the researchers, based on a review of a number of studies.

Because running is a popular form of physical activity, study coauthor Zeljko Pedisic and his workmates chose to take a bird’s eye view of what past studies of running and the risk of death had concluded. The team collected 14 papers that collectively studied 230,000 people for the effects of running on cardiovascular, cancer and other causes. Most participants were from the US and Europe.

Pooling the results from these 14 studies showed that running led to lowering the risk of cancer-related death by 23%, the risk of cardiovascular-related death by 30%, and the risk of death from all other causes by 27%. Those benefits appeared even when people ran relatively slowly and for under an hour a week — less time than the World Health Organization recently suggests.

There are warnings to the research, though. Among other things, possibly these benefits were found because all the 14 studies of running and the cause of death only included healthy people from the get-go, the authors write. Also, only two of the papers recorded how people’s running habits over the years, and how often people ran was self-reported in other papers.

Though the results suggest that people might need less of a workout than the WHO might suggest, that doesn’t mean it’s time to change these standards, Pedisic says. There are other health factors than need to be examined besides the risk of death, he says, and people need other ways to keep fit, too.

1. What’s the new study mainly about?

A．Running as slowly as possible could keep you healthy

B．Running led to lower risk of death than other diseases

C．Running more than 50 minutes a week was bad for health

D．Running less than an hour a week could lower risks of death

2. What does the underlined word“that" refer to in the 1st paragraph?

A．Running 50 minutes a month	B．Running 10 miles a week
C．Running 50 minutes a week	D．Running 7.5 miles a week

3. It can be learned from the 14 studies that _______

A．12 of the studies self-reported how often people ran

B．most of the studies recorded people’s running habits

C．only people from America and Europe were included

D．running lowered the risk of death from cancer by 30%

4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A．People should run more than what the WHO suggests

B．The WHO needs to change its standards for running

C．The new study results need to be further proved

D．Running is one of the best ways to keep fit