About 1.4 billion people around the world do not get enough physical exercise. The world's adult population is about 5.6 billion, so that is tantamount to about one-fourth of the world's adult population.
Researchers looked at 358 population-based studies between 2001 and 2016. Those studies referred to nearly 2 million people in 168 countries.
Regina Guthold was the lead author of the report. She said the study also found a wide range (范围) of physical activity levels for countries around the world. “Inactivity ranges from as low as 6 percent in Uganda and Mozambique to 67 percent in Kuwait. Four countries have a prevalence (普通) of inactivity of over 50 percent. That's Kuwait, America Samoa, Saudi Arabia and Iraq,” she said.
The report shows the levels of physical inactivity are more than two times as high in wealthy countries as they are in countries where people have low incomes. In wealthier countries, people are more likely to spend time sitting in offices. They are also more likely to use computers and electronic devices (设备) for entertainment.
There are actually many things people can do for themselves. If you work in a high-rise office building, take the stairs instead of an elevator. Go for a walk during your lunch break. Take more breaks during the workday and move around. If your workplace offers a gym or exercise classes, make sure to use them. At home, take walks with your family or friends after dinner.
1. What does the underlined part “tantamount to” in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Familiar to. | B.Harmful to. |
C.Used to. | D.Equal to. |
A.Uganda. | B.Kuwait. |
C.Saudi Arabia. | D.Iraq. |
A.They are less active. |
B.They often exercise indoors. |
C.They don't have time to exercise. |
D.They don't think exercise important. |
A.To draw people's attention to the problem. |
B.To give some advice to non-exercisers. |
C.To introduce a new topic for discussion. |
D.To add some background information. |
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【推荐1】New rules and behavior standards (行为规范)for middle school students came out in March. Middle school is going to use a new way to decide who the top students are. The best students won’t only have high marks. They will also be kids who don’t dye (染) their hair, smoke or drink. The following are some of the new rules.
Tell the truth. Have you ever copied someone else’s work on an exam? Don’t do it again! That’s not something an honest student should do. If you have played computer games for two hours in your room, don’t tell your parents you have done homework.
Do more at school. Good students love animals and care for other people. April is Bird-loving Month in China. Is your school doing anything to celebrate? You should join! That way, you can learn more about animals and how to protect them. When more people work together, it makes it more fun for everyone.
Have you ever quarreled with your teammates when our basketball lost? Only working together can make your team stronger. Be friendly to the people you are with. Try to think of others, not only yourself.
Be open to new ideas. Have you ever thought that people could live on the moon? Maybe you’ll discover Earth Ⅱ someday. Don’t look down on new ideas. Everyone’s ideas are important. You should welcome them, because new ideas make life better for everyone.
Protect yourself. Has someone ever taken money from one of your classmates? Don’t let it happen to you. If you have to go home late you should let your parents know.
Use the Internet carefully. The Internet can be very useful for your studies. But some things on the Internet aren’t for kids, so try to look at Web pages that are good for you. You can use the Web for fun or homework. Can’t you find any good Web sites for children? Here some:http://kids.eastday.com/http://www.chinakids.net.com/http://www.cycnet.com
1. The school new rules will help kids by telling them ______.A.how they can study well | B.what they should do at school |
C.what is right and what is wrong | D.how they can protect themselves |
A.Take care of yourself when you are out. |
B.Tell the truth, even when you are wrong. |
C.Keep some animals to protect them. |
D.Use the Internet, but keep away from bad things. |
A.making the team weaker | B.working together with others |
C.being a good friend to others | D.getting on badly with others |
A.be a waste of time | B.help them with their studies |
C.do homework for them | D.make life easier |
【推荐2】The scientists behind a new database of more than 400 extreme weather attribution (归因) studies have performed an essential service. This piece of work, drawing together every study of this type, ought to create a greater sense of urgency around policymaking and campaigning. It shows that intense heatwaves, hurricanes, and floods have all been made far more likely by greenhouse gas emissions. And it spells out the alarming unpredictability as well as the extent of global heating’s consequences.
Until the early 2000s, when the first attribution studies were published, it was harder to link CO2 in the atmosphere with global heating’s sensible effects. Thanks to a growing body of research, now we know. The last summer’s record-breaking “heat dome”(热穹顶) across the globe would have been almost impossible without human-caused climate change.
“Beauty is truth, truth beauty,” wrote the poet John Keats just over 200 years ago. When it comes to climate, truth can feel closer to terror these days. But scientists are right to insist that the reality must be faced. Indeed, this is the only way to avoid the most disastrous outcomes. In a new book, Hothouse Earth, Prof Bill McGuire argues that we have reached a stage when minimising dangers should be regarded as “climate appeasement”.
Like the historical responsibility for carbon emissions, attitudes and experiences in the present crisis are unevenly and unjustly shared out. Billions of people around the world, and above all in the global south, are caught up day-to-day in a struggle for survival. This doesn’t mean they don’t recognise global heating; subsistence (勉强维持生活) farmers and fishers are more directly exposed to environmental damage than anyone else. But western governments, businesses and people who are relatively sheltered from global heating’s worst effects should recognise this as the privilege that it is. With this year’s Climate Change Conference fast approaching, western governments must follow through on their promises of climate finance to enable a green transition in the developing world.
The purpose of attribution science is not simply to warn the world about what is happening, but to aid preparations for what has not happened yet. The most alarming global trend, apart from still-rising emissions that mean we are on course for 2. 5°C of heating, is the unexpected speed with which it is already causing chaos. Given what we now know about the impact of 1°C of warming, it is no exaggeration to say that this trend is disastrous.
But alternatives exist, and insisting on this point has never been more important. The alarming findings of attribution scientists can give rise to desperation-but must not be allowed to end determination and hope.
1. The attribution studies imply that ____.A.policies addressing climate issues are ineffective |
B.it is hard to link CO2 with the effects of global heating |
C.the extent of global heating’s consequences is unpredictable |
D.humans are to blame for the increased occurrence of disasters |
A.Worried. | B.Doubtful. |
C.Optimistic. | D.Puzzled. |
A.The global south is in urgent need of financial support. |
B.The speeding up of global warming has spelled trouble. |
C.Global heating affects western countries to a larger extent. |
D.The effort to reduce greenhouse gas emission has worked. |
A.To urge the public to follow the science. |
B.To persuade the scientists to further their study. |
C.To assess the current policy on the climate crisis. |
D.To confirm the public’s concern for global heating. |
【推荐3】I am sanding outside my childhood primary school, near front gates and the teacher’ car park. It is a bright sunny day and I am surrounded by my classmates. There must be more than a hundred of us.
I have a dim feeling that some of my teachers are nearby, but my attention is on two adults, neither of whom I recognize. I remember the details-from his hair to his golden sunglasses. The other man holds up some kind of device that emits a screaming. I drop to my knees with my hands against my ears. My schoolmates are all doing the same. The man is laughing.
I had that dream nearly 40 years ago, but can remember the details as if it, were yesterday. Ask me to relate anything from a dream I had earlier this week, however, and I draw a blank. Sleep is more complicated than we once thought. Rather than being unconscious, our resting brains go through a roller-coaster of mental states. Dreaming is most closely associated with the sleep state known as Rapid Eye Movement (REM). In REM sleep, the eyes twitch rapidly, and it’s at this stage that our brains tend to dream.
“If you’re the kind of person who leaps up out of bed and goes about your day, you’re not going to remember your dreams. When you sleep in on Saturday or Sunday morning, that’s an excellent time to remember dreams,” says Harvard Medical School sleep researcher Stickgold.
Stickgold says, “I tell people to drink three big glasses of water before they go to bed. Not three glasses of beer, because alcohol is an REM suppressant. You’ll wake up three or four times in the night and you’ll tend to wake up at the end of an REM cycle of sleep, which in natural.”
And here is another piece of advice offered by some sleep researchers-that simply repeating to yourself as you drift towards sleep that you want to remember your dreams means you wake remembering them.
1. Why does the author mention his dream 40 years ago?A.To show off his great memory. | B.To tell readers his horrible past. |
C.To introduce the topic of the passage. | D.To get ready for an excellent story. |
A.To close slowly. | B.To move quickly. |
C.To shed tears greatly. | D.To shine suddenly. |
A.By sleeping in on the weekday’s morning. |
B.By drinking three big glasses of beer before going to bed. |
C.By writing your dream down at the beginning of a Rapid Eye Movement cycle. |
D.By telling yourself you want to remember your dream before going to bed. |
A.Remembering dreams is natural for us. | B.Waking up at night is beneficial to our sleep. |
C.Having water can help people have dreams. | D.Drinking alcohol may cause fewer dreams. |
【推荐1】Yoga for Weight Loss
Yoga is a form of exercise that uses your large muscle groups and raises your heart rate, and it is beneficial for weight loss. Practising yoga can help you burn calories long after you hit the mat, even if you don’t do more intense(剧烈的) forms of yoga. That’s because yoga’s other benefits can help with weight loss too.
Yoga helps manage stress, and studies show that high levels of cortisol, a stress hormone(荷尔蒙), can lead to an increase in fat and reduce your muscle mass. Yoga has an effect on the body’s stress response and reduces the production of hormones linked to weight gain, such as cortisol.
Moving Well, Eating WellOne of the key tools used in yoga is the concept of mindfulness.
Doing yoga long term can help people lose weight.
A.Eating Well, Reducing Stress |
B.Reducing Stress, Reducing Pounds |
C.Some styles of yoga may be more intense than others. |
D.There’s no one style of yoga that’s best for weight loss. |
E.It can also strengthen their determination to keep weight. |
F.Here’s more about how yoga is a complete body and mind exercise. |
G.Someone practicing yoga in this way feels more in control of their life and well-being. |
【推荐2】On Us TV shows, you may sometimes see rubber balls on people’s desks. These balls are known as “stress relief balls”. People can squeeze them when they feel stressed out. It’s believed that by concentrating on the act of squeezing, they can let go of the negative energy in their bodies.
In fact, the rubber stress relief balls that are so popular today in the US are believed to date back to ancient China.
And today, we have many gadgets (小器具) and toys that are designed to reduce stress in addition to stress relief balls. One example is the popular fidget spinner (指尖陀螺).
A.This helped them relax as well. |
B.These gadgets may look like simple toys. |
C.It keeps your hand busy with an easy task. |
D.This is the only way to ease away your tension. |
E.Indeed, stress is a big problem for many people. |
F.A focused activity helps take your mind off the problems of your day. |
G.Back in the Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 220), soldiers used walnuts to get rid of stress. |
【推荐3】Nowadays, children spend less time in the fresh air. Many of them are addicted to a screen either on a computer or a TV—they seem to be living in a virtual world. They have lost touch with nature.
But now 400 organizations in the UK, from playgroups to the National Health Service, are encouraging children to have some “wild time”. They want kids to swap at least 30 minutes of watching TV or playing computer games for time playing outside. Activities such as building dens, climbing trees, rummaging for conkers and playing hide and seek are just some of the things kids can do. Even if they live in a city, they can go on adventures in the garden or the park.
Children often need a helping hand from mum and dad. They need to be shown what to do and where to go. Andy Simpson from National Health Service says, “We want parents to see what this magical wonder product does for their kids’ development, independence and creativity, by giving wild time a go.”
So despite the complicated world that young people grow up in now, it seems that going back to basics and experiencing “nature’s playground” is what modern children need. David Bond from Project Wild Thing says, “We need to make more space for wild time in children’s daily routine, freeing this generation of kids to have the sort of experiences that many of us took for granted.”
This might sound a bit old-fashioned to you or maybe, like me, it’s made you think about sticking on your boots, getting outdoors and reliving your childhood. There’s no age limit on enjoying yourself!
1. What makes children lose touch with nature?A.Playing hide and seek. | B.Going on adventures in parks. |
C.Building dens frequently. | D.Being addicted to a screen. |
A.Teachers. | B.Parents. | C.Children. | D.Experts. |
A.What modern children need is spiritual satisfaction. |
B.Children always take it for granted to play outside. |
C.Children need more time to get close to nature. |
D.Parents should make larger rooms for kids to study. |
A.People at any age can enjoy wild time. | B.Watching TV is a good way to learn about nature. |
C.Everyone lives in a high-pressure world. | D.Adults all desire to go back to childhood. |