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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.85 引用次数:250 题号:14280692

The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR, according to the National Geographic on Thursday.

This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors, which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others. LiDAR is exceptionally useful for detecting archeological sites (考古遗址), as it gets through jungles and other features that hold up exploration on the ground. The technique has been the activator (催化剂) of many discoveries in recent years. For instance, major finds at Angkor, Cambodia and Caracol, Belize can explain what it did.

This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal, Holmul, and Witzna—known for their temples and pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban network.

Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve, more than 60,000 human-made features—homes, canals, highways, some of which can even reach the modernized standard—have been identified by an international cooperation of researchers headed by the PACUNAM Foundation, a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization. Those have experts rethinking the outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.

These ancient peoples obviously established these imaginative cultures based on their known relics, but the new research has shown that the scale of this lost society is far beyond what experts had imagined. The findings will be explored in an hour-long documentary called Lost Treasures of the Maya Snake Kings, premiering (首映) Tuesday, February 6 on the National Geographic Channel.

“There are entire cities we didn’t know about now showing up in the survey data,” said Francisco Belli, one of the lead archeologists on the project. “There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about, and we will push the frontiers,” he added.

1. What can we know about LiDAR?
A.It’s a breakthrough in archeology.B.It’s major equipment in air forces.
C.It was first used in discovering a Maya city.D.It’s a remote sensing technique using laser pulses.
2. What does the underlined word “Those” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A.The jungles of the Reserve.B.The outlines of the Maya empire.
C.The researchers of the organization.D.The man-made projects of the Reserve.
3. Which of the following words can best describe the Maya empire?
A.Famous and dangerous.B.Vast and highly developed.
C.Mountainous and aggressive.D.Enormous and traditional.
4. What do archeologists hope to do next?
A.Restudy the history of Maya.B.Use the LiDAR sensors as usual.
C.Continue to explore the unknown.D.Study the documentary more carefully.

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阅读理解-阅读单选(约370词) | 较易 (0.85)
文章大意:这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了2030年的生活会是什么样子的。

【推荐1】You are just waking up in the spring of 2030. Your Internet of Things bedroom opens solar powered e-windows and plays gentle music while your smart lighting displays a montage (剪辑) of beachfront sunrises from your recent vacation.

Your shower uses very little water or soap. It recycles your grey water and puts the extra heat back into your home’s operating system. While you dress, your artificial intelligence (AI) assistant shares your schedule for the day and plays your favorite tunes.

You still start your day with a coffee but it comes from your refrigerator which is capable of providing a coffeehouse experience in your home. A hot breakfast tailored to your specific nutritional needs based on chemical analysis from your trips to the “smart toilet” is waiting for you in the kitchen.

When it’s time to leave, an on-demand transport system has three cars waiting for you, your wife (or husband) and your kids. On the road, driverless cars and trucks move with mathematical accuracy, without traffic jams, routine maintenance or road rage (路怒). Accident rates are near zero.

On the way, you call your R&D team, who are enveloping a day’s work in Shanghai. Your life-sized image is projected (投射) into the China Innovation Centre and your colleagues see you as if you were sitting in the room. It’s a bit surreal for them to see you in the morning light given that it’s dark on the Bund, Shanghai’s waterfront, though the novelty disappears after a few uses.

You review the day’s cloud-based data from your Shenzhen manufacturing centre, your pilot project in San Diego and your QA team in Melbourne. The large amounts of data sets were collected in real-time from every piece of equipment and have been beautifully summarised by your company’s AI. All these facilities are closely maintained and operated through an advanced predictive analytics (分析学) platform.

Pleased with the team’s progress, you end the call and ease into a good book.

This is the future and it will be here sooner than you think.

1. How can we describe the life in the future?
A.Artificial.B.Accurate.C.Intelligent.D.Individual.
2. What can we do in the year 2030 according to the passage?
A.There will be no accident on the street.
B.We can have a bath without using water.
C.We can deal with all our work without others’ help.
D.We can enjoy the coffeehouse experience without going there.
3. How does the author develop the passage?
A.In logical order.B.In time order.
C.By comparing.D.By offering examples.
4. Why does the writer write the passage?
A.To introduce the life in the future.B.To attract us to use the AI system.
C.To teach us how to use the AI system.D.To encourage us to study hard for the future.
2023-05-17更新 | 141次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约350词) | 较易 (0.85)
名校

【推荐2】Dutch officials toasted on Tuesday the opening of what is being called the world’s first 3D-printed concrete bridge, which is meant to be used by cyclists. There was applause as officials wearing hard hats and workmen’s jackets rode over the bridge on their bikes at the opening ceremony in the southeastern town of Gemert.

“The bridge is not very big, but it was rolled out by a printer which makes it unique,” Theo Salet, from the Eindhoven University of Technology, told Dutch broadcaster NOS. Work on printing the bridge, which has some 800 layers, took about three months after starting in June and it is made of pre-stressed concrete, according to the university. “One of the advantages of printing a bridge is that much less concrete is needed than in the conventional technique in which a mould (泥浆) is filled,” it said on its website, adding “a printer deposits the concrete only where it is needed.”

The eight-metre (26-foot) bridge crosses a water-filled channel to connect two roads, and it was tested for safety to bear loads of up to two metric tons in cooperation with the BAM Infra Construction Company. “Although designed for bikes, it could take up to 40 trucks,”the designers said. “We are looking to the future,” said the head of BAM, Marinus Schimmel. “3D printing meant fewer rare resources were needed and there was significantly less waste,” he added.

The Netherlands is among countries, with the United States and China, taking a lead in this cutting-edge technology, using computers and robotics to construct objects and structures from scratch without using much traditional manpower. Last year a Dutch architect unveiled (提示) a unique 3D printer with which he hopes to construct an “endless loop” building. And a Dutch start-up called MX3D has begun printing a stainless-steel bridge, of which a third is already completed. The aim is to finish printing by March and lay the bridge over an Amsterdam canal in the future.

1. According to the text, what makes the bridge unique?
A.It adopts 3D printing.
B.It opens only to cyclists.
C.It is made of new material.
D.It uses much less concrete.
2. Which does Marinus Schimmel agree ?
A.In theory, it can support up to 40 bicycles.
B.The kind of bridge is energy-saving.
C.The kind of bridge is safer than traditional ones.
D.The technology has been used widely.
3. Which statement is true based on the last paragraph?
A.The project of an “endless loop” building has begun.
B.A stainless-steel bridge has been half constructed.
C.China is a country with advanced 3D printing.
D.3D printing technology needs no manpower.
4. Where can you read this passage?
A.News report.B.Engineering paper.
C.History textbook.D.Advertisement.
2020-03-26更新 | 98次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约360词) | 较易 (0.85)
文章大意:本文为一篇说明文。近十年来,相机技术已经越来越多地融入我们的日常生活。研究人员从自然界中寻找灵感,研究并开发了一种新款相机,可以用来提高相机的整体性能。

【推荐3】Over the past decade or so, camera technology has become more and more integrated into our everyday lives. We use our phone camera to store memories and important information, and cameras help keep people safe while driving. Parallel parking is so much easier now that cars come with rearview cameras.

However, up until now, cameras have also been limited. Wide field of vision cameras have been around since 2013, but these cameras only have a 180 degree field of vision, and can be clumsy (笨拙的). They work by essentially merging images coming from two or more cameras. This can lead to distortions (失真). In addition, using the cameras underwater also leads to distortion as light refracts differently underwater.

According to Fast Company, the researchers turned to nature for inspiration. They began by studying the fiddler crab and its compound eye. Unlike humans, fiddler crabs can look in many directions at the same time, giving them a full 360 degree field of vision. In addition, fiddler crabs need to be able to see well both on land and in water.

Dr Fredo Durand, a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, told Laser Focus World: “Amphibian creatures are particularly exciting because they need to operate in two environments with vastly different optical characteristics. It’s humbling to learn from nature how to address these challenges.”

The result is a little black round ball of a camera that interprets and understands light in various ways. The scientists tested the camera’s capabilities by projecting a group of images onto the camera at different angles. They also immersed the camera halfway in a tub to test its underwater capabilities. It passed with flying colors.

Though the camera is still in the early stages of its development and is not ready for commercial use, the hope is that it will eventually be used to help make cars safer by improving camera quality in general and improving camera capabilities in the rain.

1. Which is a limitation of the wide field of vision cameras?
A.They can only be used underwater.
B.They occupy too much space.
C.They consist of only two cameras.
D.They cover a limited field of vision.
2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A.The surprising adaptability of the fiddler crab.
B.The advantages of the fiddler crab’s compound eye.
C.The way of carrying out research into creatures.
D.The possibility of having a 360 degree field of vision.
3. Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “immersed” in paragraph 5?
A.Designed.B.Repaired.C.Drowned.D.Abandoned.
4. What is the author’s attitude towards the camera?
A.Positive.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Carefree.
2023-03-21更新 | 100次组卷
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