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题型:阅读理解-阅读单选 难度:0.65 引用次数:126 题号:14460581

One of the first things that Harvard University professor Daniel E.Lieberman points out in his new book Exercised is the double meaning of the word. Not only does it mean voluntary physical activity,but as an adjective,exercised suggests being worried, anxious or tired.And there lies the problem with exercise. Most of us just don't like doing it.

Lieberman pursues a double course in"Exercised: Why Something We Never Evolved to Do ls Healthy and Rewarding'". The professor presents an in-depth look at how humans evolved from hunter-gatherers who didn't have to think twice about getting enough exercise, to those of us who have to push ourselves away from our couches and devices. The parts of the book devoted to biology and evolution can be a bit hard to understand, although Lieberman often introduces them nicely with anecdotes.

Throughout his book, Lieberman discusses the origins of exercise, a modern pursuit.In the 1700s, Samuel Johnson didn't consider the words"play"and"exercise"worthy to be included in his dictionary. Although children have always played and sports have been a "human universal,exercise outside the context of sports was extremely rare until relatively recently, Lieberman writes. He also considers various contemporary forms of exercise and their benefits: running (which he does), walking, dancing, weight training, games and even cage fighting. He drops in on a Swedish company in Stockholm whose CEO requires a weekly "sports hour"to be participated in by all employees.

However, Lieberman's primary viewpoint- that exercise is indeed good for you-comes with an important warning.It must be enjoyable.The paradox(矛盾的情况),he writes,"is that our bodies never evolved to function optimally(最佳地)without lifelong physical activity but our minds never evolved to get us moving unless it is necessary, pleasurable or rewarding.

Exercise,he writes should be social."None of us is an island when it comes to health. Our well-being is interconnected. Some is better than none.Keep it up as you age."

1. What can be learned about the book"Exercised"?
A.It distinguishes between*play"and" exercise"
B.It is aimed specifically at couch potatoes.
C.It is a brief account of human evolution.
D.It explains difficult concepts with stories.
2. What can we infer about Samuel Johnson?
A.He was picky about sports.B.He thought little of exercise.
C.He invented the word "exercise."D.He advocated a weekly sports hour.
3. What does Lieberman stress by mentioning the paradox?
A.The importance of making exercise fun.
B.The difficulty of making exercise social.
C.The necessity of exercise for the elderly.
D.The physical and mental benefits of exercise.
4. What is this text?
A.An autobiography.B.A health report.
C.A research paper.D.A book review.

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文章大意:这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学习一门外语可以拓宽在美国的就业机会,以及解释了为什么学习一些流行的外语会对你有帮助的原因。

【推荐1】Learning a foreign language can broaden career opportunities in the USA. Here’s the reason why learning some of the popular foreign languages can help you.


Chinese

Chinese is considered as an important language to enhance business prospects across the globe. It has the largest number of speakers. More than 1. 4 billion people speak Chinese. Chinese companies have invested in various industries in other countries. There are great opportunities for employment in Chinese companies if you can master Chinese.


Spanish

Spanish is spoken by about 580 million speakers across the world. It has the second largest number of speakers. Furthermore, many Spanish companies are rapidly increasing their presence in various industries like travel and tourism, translation, teaching, and international business.


Portuguese

Spoken by about 230 million people, Portuguese is the sixth most widely spoken language in the world. It is the official language of eight countries. There’s a great demand for Portu-guese language experts in various industries.


German

German is the third most popular foreign language taught worldwide and the second most popular in Europe and Japan, after English. German has between 89 and 110 million native speakers. German companies account for 700,000 jobs in the USA, so learning German can give people great job offers.

1. Why does the author advise people to learn Chinese?
A.They can further study global business.
B.They can have an opportunity to go to China.
C.They can get more job offers in various countries.
D.They can find a chance to travel to other countries.
2. Which language has the second largest number of speakers in the world?
A.Chinese.B.Spanish.
C.Portuguese.D.German.
3. What can we know about German from the text?
A.Japanese dislike learning it.
B.It is the most popular language in Europe.
C.It is spoken by less than 89 million people.
D.Mastering it helps people get more job opportunities.
2022-12-02更新 | 180次组卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约280词) | 适中 (0.65)
文章大意:本文是一篇说明文,介绍了美国一家提倡“自主学习”的学校——Sudbury Valley School。文章主要介绍了这所学校的办学理念以及不同寻常的地方:学生不用上课,可以参与学校制度的制定。

【推荐2】To most of us, school means classes, teachers, schedules, grades, and tests. But for the children at Sudbury Valley School in Massachusetts, school is very different.

Firstly, there are no lessons. All the children, aged between 4 and 19, do whatever they want. There are no teachers — only “staff members”. The idea behind this is that you do not need to make children learn, because children want to learn anyway. “You do not need to say to a three-year-old, ‘Go to explore your environment.’ You can’t stop them!” says Daniel Greenberg, a founder of the school. “But if you make children do what you want all day, they will lose all taste for learning.”

At Sudbury Valley School, you will permit children to talk, read, paint, cook, work on computers, study French, play the piano, climb trees or just run around. Two boys spent three years just fishing!

The other way that Sudbury Valley School is different is that the children can decide the rules. Every week, there is a school meeting where both children and staff have one vote each — even the four-year olds. They decide the school rules, how to spend the school budget, and even which staff they want and do not want any more.

When the school first opened in 1968, people said it would never work. But today, the school has 200 students, and 80% of its students go on to college. Even the two boys who went fishing all the time have successful careers today. One of them is a musician and the other is a computer scientist.

1. What’s special about the school?
A.There are no classes for the students.
B.There is nobody but students there.
C.All the students are of the same age.
D.There are no rules in the school.
2. What does the school believe?
A.Teachers cannot teach children well.
B.Children learn best when they do what they want to do.
C.Learning is for adults — children should only play.
D.Children should only learn about one thing at a time.
3. What does Daniel Greenberg say about three-year-olds?
A.They love learning.B.They are very naughty.
C.They want to be outside all the time.D.They are too young to learn anything.
4. Who has the most power in the school meetings?
A.The older children have more power than the younger children.
B.A child has more power than an adult.
C.The younger children have more power than the older children.
D.Everybody has equal power.
2023-07-31更新 | 37次组卷
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名校

【推荐3】A Harvard research team’s first model of a portable exosuit (机械护甲) is made of cloth components worn on the waist and upper legs. A computer that’s built into the shorts can sense when the user shifts between walking and running.

Say the word "exosuit" and super heroes come to mind — somebody like Tony Stark from Marvel Comics, whose fancy suit enables him to become Iron Man. But scientists at Harvard University have been developing an actual exosuit, a wearable machine that can improve an average man’s strength and toughness. This model improves a wearer’s performance while he is walking or running.

The lead researcher Conor Walsh says when you put on his team’s suit, you definitely notice that it’s pulling across your joints, so you feel the drive from the suit. But after a while, you don’t really notice it anymore. The suit helps to extend the hip joint, saving the user’s energy. Though you might not notice it, when you shut the suit off after a few minutes of having it turned on, Walsh says, “You really quickly notice that your legs feel a little bit heavier.”

Walsh says, “This suit could be helpful for a soldier carrying heavy weights over long distances.” Research on the suit was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, which is part of the United States Department of Defense and develops military technology. “ Other future models might help people with medical problems like Parkinson’s disease to move more easily,” he says. “My lab cooperates with a company on a suit to help stroke survivors that is now commercially available.”

Karl Zelik, an assistant professor at Vanderbilt University, calls the team’s effort “promising work”. Zelik says it will enhance human abilities during various aspects of daily life. However, he notes that the exosuit field is changing fast. In the future, he says, the best assist devices may not be exosuits at all, but rather technology put inside a person’s body. He predicts that future wearables will also be able to figure out the wearer’s movement intention, and influence it when necessary to improve human performance.

1. What may the exosuit do?
A.Cover a person’s whole body.B.Analyze a man’s health when he runs.
C.Make a person move faster and longer.D.Enable a person to become a superhero.
2. How will people feel when they run with the exosuit on for a while?
A.Their legs may feel a little heavier.B.Their body may not feel anything strange.
C.Their joints will feel pulled by some strength.D.Their body may feel the driving force from it.
3. What do Walsh’s words in Paragraph 4 suggest?
A.He works for American military force.B.The suit can protect soldiers in the distance.
C.People with Parkinson’s disease will be cured.D.A certain model of a suit can be bought now.
4. What’s Zelik’s attitude towards the future of exosuits?
A.Objective.B.Optimistic.C.Indifferent.D.Hopeless.
2020-10-12更新 | 41次组卷
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