【推荐2】The Ways of Getting Happiness

Spend more time in your values. Living your values is one of the simplest ways to a more happiness to every day.     1    ，the best way to make the most of it is to connect your work to your values. When you spend more time in your values, you enjoy the journey more.

    2    . One of the best things you can do is find simple ways to gradually improve your overall happiness level. One of the worst things you can do is compare your happiness level to others, or beat yourself up for not being a shiny, happy person.

Drive from happiness* Decide to drive from happiness. Happiness is a decision. This is where you have to look inside, and answer the tough questions. What do you like to do? What makes you happy? It‘s very easy to keep doing the things that we think others expect from us，or want for us.     3    .

Don’t fall for the “If-Then” trap. Don’t fall for the “if-then” or when-then traps.I'11 be happy if I get that job；    4    ，I'11 be happy； I'11 be happy if I get that relationship ；etc. It's easy to put your happiness “out there” instead of “right here .

Point your camera on purpose. Point your camera at the things that you want more of.    5    . You can point your camera at more pain, or more pleasure. That s a powerful choice. It's easy to test. Simply start pointing your camera at better scenes each day,and watch what unfolds in yourself, and the world around you.

【推荐1】To put missing sentences into a text, you have to work like an investigator and look for clues.     1    

Usually these streets were full of busy people (Missing sentence).

It was completely quiet on the streets outside. Guy thought it was strange. Now they were completely empty. The snow that had fallen looked like a carpet. Outside looked like inside.

The missing sentence refers back to a former sentence as there is a reference to streets (these streets).     2     In the missing sentence we know that usually the streets were full. This links to the following sentence as “now they were empty”. Here “they” refers back to “the streets”.

Read all the sentences taken out of the text. Read the text and match the sentences with the gaps you are sure about.     3     There will always be a link between these sentences and the missing sentence. Look for reference words. What do they refer to? Typical reference words include: personal pronouns (I, you, he, she...), possessive pronouns (my, mine, your...) and demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those). Besides, look for discourse markers such as in addition, however, as a result, then, etc.

    4     If you think there are two possible sentences for one gap, write down both answers and check again later. Write down all the possibilities for each gap. If you make the wrong choice at the beginning, this may affect the rest of your answers. You don’t have to read the text in order. You can move backwards and forwards to different paragraphs.

There may be extra sentences you don’t need.     5    

【推荐2】How to deal with your homework

Write it down.     1     Always be sure to write down all the homework so you won’t forget anything.

Create a homework station. Find somewhere comfortable and quiet to do your homework.     2     It will take twice as long to get the homework done. Shut off your cell phone, log off (退出) your computer (unless you need it for your homework) and close the door.

Do homework as early as possible. Don’t leave homework to the last minute.     3     The earlier you start your homework, the sooner you will finish! Do all your homework as early as you can, so you don’t have a pile of (一堆) homework the next day.

    4    . Think about how long it will take you to complete homework for each subject. For example: English — ten minutes, science — ten minutes, math — forty minutes, history — twenty minutes.

Treat yourself. You can easily get tired by sitting through an hour or two of homework without stopping. Once you finish homework for a subject, take a small break. Just make sure it’s short (no more than 15 minutes). Do not turn on the TV, or you’ll never go back and finish your homework.     5    

【推荐3】Reading is a complex and crucial skill that impacts the youth’s ability to perform as students. Therefore, it’s important to develop reading skills during childhood. A team of researchers focused on the effect of whole-body learning in instruction, known as embodied learning.

The research included 149 children, aged 5 to 6, who had just started school. They were divided into three groups: one that stood up and used their whole bodies to shape letter sounds; a seated group that shaped letter sounds with their hands and arms; and a control group that received traditional, seated instruction during which they wrote letters by hand.

“Our research showed that children who used their whole bodies to shape the sounds of letters became twice as proficient at letter sounds that are more difficult to learn as those who received traditional instruction” says PhD student Linn Damsgaard of UCPH’s Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports.

With regard to difficult letter sounds, she adds, “There are many difficult letter sounds in Danish. These sounds are particularly important because once children become skilled at them, they will be better readers.

Associate professor Jacob Wienecke, who led the study, explains, the primary goal is to learn more about which methods can be used to give beginner readers a good start. The idea is that if, through play and movement, we can learn where their strengths truly lie, we’ll create a form of learning that combines reading with play, and that’s truly positive.”

Previously, the researchers showed that the children felt more motivated by teaching methods which included physical movement. Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.

The study also investigated whether a direct effect of embodied learning could be found on children’s reading of words. This was not possible, which might be due to the fact that the children were at such an early stage of their literacy development that they could not yet use their knowledge of letter sounds to read words.

【推荐2】Nearly gone are the days when humans covered themselves with blankets to keep warm, and it’s now the age of covering glaciers (冰川) with blankets to keep them cool because with the climate changing rapidly, this seems like a workable idea to keep them from melting.

At a ski resort (度假胜地) in the Swiss Alps, the Swiss use blankets to protect the glacier

from the warm climate. Gian Darms, who handles snow conditions at the ski resort, introduced this unique procedure. The blankets are being used to cover the top of the 10,623-foot Mount Titlis whose glacier has already melted in the last few decades and it is expected to disappear completely in the next 50 years due to global warming.

Facing the great effect of climate change, resort employees have taken it upon themselves to protect the glacier from the heat and for this process, they spend about five to six weeks every summer covering parts of the glacier with specially protective wool. This helps to reflect the Sun’s energy back into the atmosphere and prevent the glacier from melting, while also preserving the already fallen snow on the glacier in the previous winter season. After the season passes, the employees remove the coating and fill in the gaps in the glacier’s surface with the snow — now that is some commitment to Mother Nature!

This practice has been going on for a while now and the area of the glacier has increased to almost 100,000 square meters now. “We’ve been covering more and more in the last few years. Almost 30,000 square meters more is covered this year alone,” said Darms.

The ski resort’s actions show how severe the effect of climate change is on glaciers which have been melting at rapid rates in the past few years. Many different resorts have also started following suit to try to prevent them from melting. Saving an entire glacier is a completely different story. It is actually costly and potentially unfavorable to surrounding ecosystems. As a result, such blankets have only been applied mostly in an effort to preserve profitable ski runs.

【推荐3】Greenhouse gas emissions would rise if all farms in England and Wales went organic. Though the emissions of each farm would go down, much more food would have to be imported, as the amount they would produce would decrease greatly.

“The key message from my perspective is that you can't really have your cake and eat it,” says Laurence Smith, now at the Royal Agricultural University in the UK, who was part of the team that ran the numbers. Smith is a supporter of organic farming and says “there are a lot of advantages of the organic approach”, but his analysis shows that organic farming has downsides too.

Farming and changes in land use, such as cutting down forests, are responsible for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions. That means reducing farming emissions and the land needed for farming is required to limit further global warming.

Smith and his colleagues found that emissions per unit of food are, on average, 20 per cent lower for organic crops and 4 per cent lower for organic animal products. However, organic harvests per hectare (公顷) are also lower on average. For wheat and barley, for instance, harvests are just half of those of traditional farms. This means 1.5 times as much land would be needed to grow the same amount of these foods.

The estimated increase in emissions varies greatly, depending on where the extra farmland comes from. If only half comes from turning grassland into farms, the increase could be as low as 20 per cent. If grassland that would otherwise have been reforested is turned into farmland, emissions could nearly double.

This doesn't necessarily mean people should stop eating organic produce, says Smith. People might choose organic food for other reasons, such as to reduce their pesticide exposure (though contrary to popular belief, organic farmers do use pesticides) or for the sake of wildlife.

Smith says the best choice may be to use some organic and traditional farming methods at the same time.