You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey(调查)shows that there are many electronic products in teenagers’ bedrooms. They are influencing teenagers’ sleep badly.
The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 50% of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost 25% of the kids said they often fell asleep while they were watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
“This is very worrying,” said Dr. Chris, a British professor(教授). “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality(质量)of the sleep is low, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you won’t do well in school the next day.”
The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day because of the junk sleep, especially girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, MP5 or TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them even have all the three.
Dr. Chris suggested that parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.
1. What does this passage mainly talk about?A.Junk food. | B.Junk sleep. |
C.Electronic products. | D.The importance of sleep. |
A.200. | B.250. | C.500. | D.1000. |
A.they are both low in quality | B.they are both needed in our life |
C.they are both enjoyed at weekends | D.they are both necessary for people’s health |
A.Teenagers of 12 to 16 only need 4 to 7 hours’ sleep each day. |
B.Few of the teenagers have electronic products in their bedrooms. |
C.Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products. |
D.Girls between 13 and 16 spend the least time on electronic products. |
A.Parents must take the electronic products away from their children. |
B.Parents stop the teenagers from using any electronic product. |
C.Teenagers should decide not to use the electronic products. |
D.Teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products. |
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【推荐1】People may set an alarm on the phone or clock that sounds like this: beep beep beep(嘟嘟声). That hard, unpleasant sound may be making it harder to shake off the sleepy feeling in the morning known as grogginess (东倒西歪). So, is there a better way to wake up? A recent study says yes. The answer is music.
The study, carried out by researchers in Australia, involved 50 people. The researchers found that people who wake up to musical alarms reported feeling more awake and alert. Stuart McFarlane, a lead writer of the study stated, “We are very surprised by these findings as one might expect a harsh(难听的)beeping sound to be more successful at waking up a person.”
Sleep inertia(惯性)is another term for grogginess. It means a person has a heavy feeling when waking up, and has trouble getting moving again after sleeping. McFarlane said people need to better understand sleep inertia’s harmful effects on human performance later in the day.
Not everyone will experience the full effect. But for those who do, “care should be taken” when performing duties that require a top performance within this period, he said. This includes “dangerous tasks like driving or riding our bikes” shortly after waking up. The same is true for people who work in dangerous situations shortly after they wake, including firefighters and pilots.
So, what makes musical alarms better for waking up? The researchers think the music may be more successful in reducing sleep inertia because it has several tones, compared to the single tone of a “beeping” alarm. McFarlane said that the changes over time between the music tones may help increase a person’s attention when waking from sleep.
And is there a kind of music that is best to wake up to? There may be, McFarlane said. “We could suggest alarm sounds that are tuneful (和谐的) and easy to hum or sing along with. The current sounds I have been using include ‘Close to me’ by the Cure and ‘Borderline’ by Madonna.” No matter how you wake up, experts say, the amount of sleep you get also matters — a lot.
1. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A.What is grogginess? | B.How can we overcome grogginess? |
C.Which music is the best? | D.Why are musical alarms better? |
A.How long a person sleeps is of great importance. |
B.Sleep inertia is another cause for grogginess. |
C.The ‘beeping’ alarm is not effective mainly because of its noisy tone. |
D.It is dangerous for everyone to drive or ride bicycles shortly after waking up. |
A.examples of good musical alarms |
B.more findings of the application of music |
C.explanations about why music is more helpful |
D.suggestions on how to sleep well and feel fresh each morning |
A.Education. | B.Health. |
C.Technology. | D.Entertainment. |
【推荐2】The Best Way to Nap
A study published in the journal Heart found a link between healthy napping (打盹) and a lowered risk of heart disease. The American Psychological Association points out that naps can improve memory,learning capacity and mood. Sara Med nick,PhD,a neuroscience at the University of California explains that when you fall asleep, your body moves through stages that each play a role in health. Ideal napping times are based around this four-stage cycle.
Stage 1 | the“dozing off”(打瞌睡)period |
Stage 2 | muscles,heart rate and brain activity slow down |
Stage 3 | deep, restorative sleep |
Stage 4 | REM(rapid eye movement)sleep,when brain activity increases and you’re most likely to dream |
The 20-minute nap | Between 20 and 30 minutes is one napping sweet spot, according to Mednick, who explains that you get enough Stage 2 sleep to switch your body and mind into full relaxation mode,aiding with memory. |
The 60-minute nap | Stage 3 sleep is a time for your body to repair tissue,strengthen the immune(免疫)system and recharge energy stores. But waking up during this phase can make you feel uncomfortable and sleepy,Med nick says. Most people start to move out of Stage 3 after around 60 minutes, which makes it a good time to set your alarm. |
The 90-minute nap | A complete sleep cycle is about an hour and a half, and napping for a full cycle can have big benefits. But naps longer than 90 minutes can disturb nighttime sleep and might even weaken memory. |
Not a regular napper? That’s OK. “Everyone needs to rest, but not everyone necessarily needs to nap,” says Med nick.
1. During which phase may you have a dream?A.Stage1. | B.Stage2. | C.Stage3. | D.Stage 4. |
A.A quarter. | B.One hour. | C.Half an hour. | D.One and a half hours. |
A.News | B.Education. | C.Lifestyle. | D.Health. |
【推荐3】When you need to see a doctor, surely you will want to see a good one. But there is one important thing you may never have thought about: Has your doctor rested enough?
Doctors in our country often have to work 34 hours or longer without sleep. Most of them work 104 hours a week, and some even 150. (There are only 168 hours a week!) One report said that a doctor who works such long hours cannot think more clearly than a drunk driver. Another found that doctors who sleep 5.8 fewer hours than the week before might make 22% more serious mistakes. Surely no one wants to get in a car that is driven by a drunk driver. So, how safe would you feel when you are under the care of a tired doctor?
Sadly this problem has been around for a long time. There are no laws about it yet and hospital bosses don’t look like they care either. And that is why we doctors are asking you to join us on the street this Sunday. Fight together with us on the street so we can fight better for your life in the hospital.
Time: 1 p. m. July 15 Place: City Hospital Square
1. How long do doctors often have to work per week in the country?A.34 hours. | B.104 hours. |
C.150 hours. | D.168 hours. |
A.A country. | B.A doctor. |
C.A report. | D.A driver. |
A.To find out who can think more clearly. |
B.To give an example of a common disease. |
C.To show who can work longer without sleep. |
D.To give the reader a clear idea of the danger. |
A.To warn doctors not to work too long. |
B.To get support for the fight for doctors. |
C.To tell people how to find a good doctor. |
D.To call for a law against drunk driving. |
【推荐1】The hotel roof top bar will never go out of style. Whether it’s on the 6th floor or the 65th, there’s something undeniably appealing about dining, drinking, swimming and yoga-ing high above the streets of the city below. Here are some of the best (relative) newcomers.
Qr Melbourne
The locally loved rooftop at QT is something of a chameleon (变色龙). By day, it’s the site of pop-up yoga sessions that allow guests to take in the skyline from within their downward does. At mealtime, it’s a place to dine on vegetables from chef Andrew Harmer’s rooftop garden. And after dark, it becomes a happening bar serving high-concept cocktails.
The Silo, Cape Town
The design of this new hotel ensures that every room has a dizzying view, but the roof top is especially enjoyable. The rooftop, which feels like it’s floating above Cape Town, has fantastic views of Table Mountain, Lions Head and the ocean. There’s a guests-only infinity pool (无边际游泳池) and a restaurant and a restroom with 360-degree views over the city.
Aria Hotel Budapest
The pride of this hotel is its High Note Sky Bar, with a year-round rooftop garden that offers wraparound (全景的) views over the city of Budapest. The bar managers chefs and bake chefs work together to ensure maximum enjoyment.
The Winery Hotel, Sweden
It’s the sixth floor of this hotel in Solna, where the rooftop life comes alive. Along with a restaurant that serves wine, cocktails and spaghetti, the hotel hosts DJ sessions that create the sensation of being in a much larger city.
1. What’s special about the rooftop at QT?A.The rooftop is a chameleon. |
B.The rooftop can function as different sites. |
C.The roof top serves high-concept wine. |
D.Guests can dine on meat from Andrew Harmer’s rooftop garden. |
A.OT Melbourne. |
B.The Silo. Cape Town. |
C.Aria Hotel Budapest. |
D.The Winery Hotel, Sweden. |
A.There’s a year-round roof top garden. |
B.There is yoga-ing on all four root tops. |
C.Guests can enjoy themselves at the hotel roof tops. |
D.There’s a restroom for guests to appreciate the view. |
【推荐2】Who says inventions are only made by grown-ups and professionals? Over the years, children have also succeeded in making their useful contributions to the world. Here are a few inventions that came to life from the minds of young children.
Hero Helmet
Seven-year-old Samuel Meyer's invention is aimed at stopping people from riding their bikes or skateboards without using a helmet. The Hero Helmet features an inbuilt remote that controls a lock on the wheels which unlocks when the Helmet is being worn by the rider. Samuel says: no helmet, no bike.
Robotic Earthworm
The first thought that comes to mind is, why a robotic earthworm? Well, ten-year-old David Cohen had some useful applications in mind. He believed it could be used to find victims after a flood, earthquake or fire. The robot could get into small and dangerous places where search dogs and humans could not go.
B. E. A. C. O. N.
Fifteen-year-old Hannah Herbst's invention, which stands for Bringing Electricity Access to Countries through Ocean Energy, was inspired by her pen pal who lives in Ethiopia and did not have access to lights. So she came up with B. E. A. C. O. N, which absorbs energy directly from ocean waves. Her invention won the “Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge” in 2015 and other numerous awards.
Portable Wheelchair Controller
At only eight years old, Amelia Fox created the invention to help lift people in and out of their wheelchair. This invention was not just born out of the desire to create something. Amelia developed this controller for her brother, who had just got hip surgery and needed the wheelchair to move around.
1. Who is the youngest inventor?A.Samuel Meyer. |
B.David Cohen. |
C.Amelia Fox. |
D.Hannah Herbst. |
A.Hero Helmet |
B.B. E. A. C. O. N. |
C.Robotic Earthworm. |
D.Portable Wheelchair Controller. |
A.To give her brother assistance. |
B.To benefit the earthquake victims. |
C.To generate electricity effectively. |
D.To protect bike riders from injuries. |
【推荐3】Anyone who commutes(通勤)by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential backups.
Ants also commute-between their nest and sources of food. The survival of their colonies depends on doing this efficiently.
When humans commute, there's a point at which cars become dense(稠密)enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing jam. Researchers wanted to know if ants on the move could also get stuck. So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched, trying to find out at what point they are going to have a traffic jam.
The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole. And they found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviors may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding(碰撞)with each other at high densities, which could really slow them down.
Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely. That's because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more cooperative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for self-driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humans—and more like ants.
1. How did the researchers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?A.Through closer observation. | B.By controlling the widths of their path. |
C.By finding out the dense points. | D.By regulating their numbers. |
A.They depend on their natural chemicals to adjust their speeds. |
B.They follow a special route. |
C.They never stop or slow down on the way. |
D.They level off at high densities. |
A.Traffic jams | B.Survival of an ant colony. |
C.Differences between human and ants. | D.Unavoidable? Not for ants! |