【推荐1】语法填空

Monkeys do not like it when others get more food     1    they do according to a new study.

Researchers from Yale and Harvard universities found Capuchin monkeys punish monkeys     2    

get more food. “This sort of ‘if I cant have it, no one can’ response was because     3     psychological spite（怨恨）, and it was     4     （previous） thought unique to humans,” said Kristin Leimgruber of Harvard University. She is a coauthor of the research study. The researchers watched as some Capuchin monkeys     5     （give）more food than others. They found that monkeys getting the     6     （small） share pulled a rope to fold up a table holding the other monkeys bigger share.

Another lead researcher, Laurie Santos.     7     （explain） over emails, “I think what we can conclude about humans is that some of our more embarrassing tendencies have relatively deep     8     （root）.” Santos said the spiteful response was not present with another member of the ape species-chimpanzees（黑猩猩）.

“An earlier study showed chimpanzees would fold up the table of other chimpanzees     9     （steal） food from them. But they would not punish chimpanzees who just happened     10     （have） more food,” Santos said. “In other words, it was fine if chimpanzees had more food as long as they did not steal it.”

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Scientists exploring the ocean floor in Antarctica(南极洲) have found a larger group of fish nests(鱼巢)    1     ever before. The discovery came as a surprise, and it will help scientists develop a more complete idea of the ocean food web in the area.

In the south Weddell Sea, not far from Antarctica’s Filchner Ice Shelf, scientists were    2    (amaze) to discover a group of about 60 million icefish nests on the ocean floor. Before this, the    3    (large) group of icefish nests that had ever been found includes less than 60 nests. Lilian Boehringer, a research student, was the first    4    (discover) the nests. “They were everywhere,” she told The New York Times.

The researchers used a special device called OFOBS to make two more four-hour “lives”,    5     (try) to discover the limits of the nesting area. The nests scientists found were in the shape of    6    circle. Each nest held about 1,700 eggs. Usually, Weddell seals(海豹)    7     (spot) in the waters above the nesting site. Trackers    8    (fix) on some Weddell seals show that they dive all the way to the sea floor.

The team placed a camera on the sea floor before leaving,     9     will take a picture of the nests in the area    10    (two) a day for the next two years. They hope the pictures from this camera will help them learn more about the lives of the icefish.

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How   the   earth   exactly   began   is   a   mystery,   because   it    1     (happen)   so   long   ago.     2     is   widely accepted is that the universe began with a “Big Bang”. For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just    3     cloud of dust. Later, the earth exploded loudly with fire and rock, and they were in time to produce gases. As the earth   cooled down, water,   making it possible for life     4     (exist), appeared on its       surface .

Many millions of years later, more and more    5     (extreme）small plants appeared on the surface of the   water and they filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged   the later    6     (develop) of early   shellfish and all sorts of fish. With   time     7     (go) by,   green plants, land animals, reptiles, dinosaurs and     mammals came     8     being on the earth.   Finally,   about 2.6 million   years ago, some   much    9     (clever) animals, now with hands and feet, appeared. They have become the most important animals on the planet but they are making the earth become too hot to live on. Nowadays we all hope that the problem of global warming     10     (solve) one day.

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If you stop a random person on the street in China, there’s     1     pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen.

That’s because those are the five most common surnames in China. There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US,     2     quantities of minority groups increase surname diversity. It also     3     (have) to do with language. You can’t just add a stroke to a Chinese character     4     random and create a new surname, like the way you can add a letter to an English name. But there’s also another factor at play: technology. China’s digital revolution has     5     (dramatic) transformed daily life, and many of these systems rely on a     6     (limit) list of standardized Chinese characters. To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32, 000 characters to 70, 000 characters. They’re still working to expand it     7     (include) more than 90, 000 characters.

“The culture of surnames     8     (pass) down in our country for thousands of years with a deep and broad influence,” said the Ministry of Public Security. By the Song Dynasty, a book called the Hundred Family Surnames     9     (list) several hundreds of the most common surnames, had become a classic text taught to children. Chinese surnames are central to people’s     10       (identity); they hold origin stories, reveal historic patterns of migration, and represent a direct tie to a person’s ancestry and heritage.

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Thailand’s long-lasting tourism image of a nation,     1     is filled with     2     (origin) rainforests, mountains and clean, untouched beaches,     3     (attract) more than 32 million visitors a year. However, its global popularity comes at     4     cost to the local environment.

In order to preserve Thailand’s natural wonders, the nation is considering a plan to cut the waste     5     (bring) by visitors with the Tourism Authority of Thailand. The goal is     6     (reduce) plastic garbage by up to 50% by 2020. The government is calling on visitors to leave “only     7     (they) footprints and take only good     8     (memory)”. A number of nation’s most attractive scenic spots have already take actions     9     (instant). For example, Ko Mak, an island famous     10     its pure white sandy beaches, and a popular diving island Ko Tao are both sharing some environmental solutions with local businesses and visitors.

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Beijing and large areas of northern China woke to     1     (choke) sand and dust, as a winter sandstorm sent many of the air pollution     2     (level) off the charts.

The sandstorm originated in Mongolia and     3     (gradual) moved south, covering much of northern China, from the eastern city of Tianjin to Xinjiang region in the far west. The sandstorm is expected     4     (last) for two days.

In the spring of 2021, Beijing was hit by the biggest sandstorm in nearly a decade,     5     turned the skies a shade of orange. In previous decades, each May     6     (see) at least two rounds of sandstorms. The     7     (frequent) and severity of sandstorms was partly due to drought, growing population pressure and poor progress in revegetation (再种植), which caused rapid desertification of land in the north and northwest. But sandstorms     8     (decrease) sharply ever since. The annual number of sandstorm-affected days in Beijing fell     9     a peak of 26 days in the 1950s to just three days after 2010.

Since 2000, the Chinese government has spent billions of dollars on sandstorm prevention, started     10     (vary) reforestation and ecological projects and sent up satellites to monitor sandstorms and alert weather agencies ahead of time.