Most of us want to get in shape and be healthy. For many of us nutrition (营养) and watching what we eat is an important way to stay healthy. But when it comes to food, what is calorie counting, and what are the positives and negatives of it?
A law in the UK came into force in April 2022 that requires restaurants, takeaways, and cafes to display the calorie information of non-pre-packed food and soft drinks on their menus. It’s a strategy aimed to deal with obesity and give people a more informed choice of what goes down into their stomachs. Being able to count calories and know how much we can eat is a great way to try and stay on track with our diet.
However, there are some disbelievers when it comes to calorie counting 200 calories of fresh fruit and 200 calories of junk food, for example cookies, have the same caloric value. However, there is a question of the health benefits of what you’re eating, regardless of calories. While fresh fruit like apples contains things like vitamin C, junk food could contain an unhealthy level of sugar and fats. Likewise (同样地), fruit may fill you up and leave you not wanting more food for longer than a biscuit with equal calories —meaning, overall, you eat less.
Simply counting calories, while useful for weight loss, doesn’t take into account your intake of good fats, carbohydrates, and proteins—things that your body needs. So, if you’re trying to stick to a low-carbon diet, just looking at numbers of calories on a menu won’t be that useful. So, always be mindful that what you’re eating is part of a healthy balanced diet.
1. What does the underlined word “obesity” in Paragraph 2mean?| A．being healthy. | B．being strong. | C．being fat. | D．being sleepy. |
| A．Calorie alone doesn’t contribute to health. | B．Junk food has more calories than fresh fruit. |
| C．Less calories mean less food in your stomach. | D．Sugar and fats are more harmful than calories. |
| A．The best way to keep in shape. | B．A research result of obesity in the UK. |
| C．Nutrition and its health benefit. | D．Opinions and comments on calorie counting. |
| A．Entertainment. | B．Lifestyle. | C．Finance. | D．Education. |
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【推荐1】Every morning is a struggle.
It helps to balance your nervous system. Drinking water on empty stomach especially if it’s hot can improve the health of your nervous system.
It prevents mild headaches.
It improves your appetite（胃口）. Early in the morning, with your stomach totally empty，it is natural you will feel hungry. So another benefit of drinking water is preparing you to have the most important meal of the day—breakfast.
So now you know the benefits of drinking water on empty stomach. Just add a glass of warm or hot water to your schedule after you wake up and see all the health benefits it will bring to your life.
| A．It prevents body aging. |
| B．It promotes mental fitness. |
| C．Early morning, the stomach is most thirsty. |
| D．We think that a cup of coffee would make things right |
| E．The importance of drinking water can’t be emphasized too much. |
| F．Besides, having a healthy desire for food is good for overall health. |
| G．Doctors say they result from the removal of water among various reasons. |
Putting on weight could be a side-effect of loneliness, research suggests. Women, who feel lonely, are hungrier, and they even find a big meal less satisfying. This could be the body’s way of telling them to seek company, for eating has been a sociable activity throughout human evolution.
The researchers asked 42 women not to eat overnight, and then gave them a large breakfast. The women rated their hunger before and after their meal and blood samples which revealed their levels of ghrelin --- the “hunger hormone (激素)”. As expected, levels of ghrelin fell after eating and then started to rise. However, the rise was much quicker in the lonely women, and they made much more of the hormone. They also said they felt hungrier. They said: “The need for social connection is essential to human nature. As a result, people may feel hungrier when they feel socially disconnected.”
Interestingly, loneliness only makes thin women hungrier. It has no effect on the appetite of those who are corpulent. It isn’t clear why this is, but it is possible that the shame related with being fat makes socializing less valuable for them. Other studies suggest you should choose your company carefully at mealtimes. It has been shown that we tend to mimic (模仿) our dining companion’s eating habits, taking mouthfuls at the same time and eating more when our companion does. The link with appetite could help explain the range of devastating effects loneliness can have on health.
Being cut off from friends and family can raise blood pressure, stress and the risk of depression, as well as weakening the immune system (免疫系统) and a person’s resistance to disease (早老性痴呆). Overall, loneliness is as damaging as smoking or not exercising.
1. How will the lonely people react, according to Paragraph 1? (no more than 5 words)2. What does the body want to tell by being hungry? (no more than 7 words)
3. What is essential to human nature? (no more than 5 words)
4. What does the underlined word “corpulent” probably mean? (1 word )
5. What do you tend to do while feeling lonely? (no more than 30 words)
【推荐3】When it comes to materials to do good to our body, it must be mentioned that there are all sorts of foods to everyone’s taste. Some foods are known to have a completely ruined effect on your brain function, and nutritionists advise us not to consume them too much in order to limit their negative impacts.
Here are some top foods that kill your intelligence.
1. Sugar
Sugar and sugary products are bad not only for your waistline, but for your brain function as well. Long-term consumption of sugar can create a lot of neurological (神经系统的) problems, and it can also do harm to your memory. On the other hand, sugar can also bring damage to your ability to learn. So avoid the products.
2. Alcohol
Alcohol is known to harm your liver (肝) in the long run, and it also causes what is known as “brain fog”, a feeling of mental confusion, It acts like a cloud that impacts your ability to think clearly, as well as your memory. Have you ever noticed that you cannot remember common items’ names? This might be influenced by high alcohol intake, which impacts the balance of the brain.
3. Junk Food
A recent study has revealed that junk food can change the chemicals in the brain, thus leading to symptoms associated with depression and anxiety. Besides, foods that are high in fat can also produce some symptoms that are similar to the signs of “miss” when you stop consuming them. These foods affect the production of dopamine (多巴胺), an important chemical that promotes happiness and an overall feeling of well-being.
4. Very Salty Foods
Everybody knows that salty foods affect your blood pressure and they are very hard on your heart. However, as research suggests, foods that contain high amounts of salt can affect your learning function and make your ability to think imperfect. Otherwise stated, salty foods affect your intelligence! As a matter of fact, the consumption of salty foods has been shown to have the same effect as taking drugs, as it can cause uncomfortable symptoms and hunger for salty foods.
5. Foods with Processed Protein (蛋白质)
Meat is the richest source of high-quality protein, but avoid overly processed proteins such as hot dogs, sausages and so on. Unlike the natural proteins that help your body protect the nervous system, processed proteins do exactly the opposite. Better choose natural products, such as fish, dairy products, and seeds as these are natural, high-quality protein sources.
1. Which group of foods may affect your memory?| A．Sugar and alcohol. |
| B．Sugar and junk food. |
| C．Alcohol and junk food. |
| D．Sugar and very salty foods. |
| A．Sugar. |
| B．Foods with processed proteins. |
| C．Alcohol. |
| D．Junk food. |
| A．the protection of the nervous system |
| B．the increase of dopamine |
| C．the protection of your intelligence |
| D．the increase of happiness |
| A．they will affect our health once eaten |
| B．the more we eat, the less chance of illness we will get |
| C．the key point is to pay special attention to the mount we take |
| D．once we are addicted, it’s hard to get rid of them |
【推荐1】Xinhua Bookstore
Xinhua Bookstore was at first set up as Xinhua Book Company in 1937 in Yan'an. In October of the same year, Xinhua Book Company changed its name to Xinhua Bookstore. The name “Xin-hua Shu-dian” was made in brush writing in 1948 by Chairman Mao Zedong.
Beijing Bookworm
Founded about 18 years ago, the Beijing Bookworm is listed in the Top 10 Bookstores around World chosen by Lonely Planet. The Bookworm Literary Festival held yearly also attracts many visitors. Unlike many other bookstores, it serves not only as a place where you can read and buy books, but also a restaurant and cafe. If you want to relax yourself from the busy life,the bookworm is a great choice!
Eslite Bookstore
Eslite Bookstore is one of the largest bookstore chains in Taiwan, China. Eslite was set up by Robert Wu Ching-yu(1950-2017)at the age of 39. The first shop lied in Dunhua South Road, with a focus on books about art. Since then, the company has set up more shops. Eslite Bookstore was the first to set up a 24-hour bookstore in Taiwan, China at its Dunhua store, where readers can enjoy books all day.
Wangfujing Foreign Bookstore
Wangfujing Foreign Bookstore has a history of nearly 50 years, and it is the preference of many foreigners in Beijing. This one has a great number of books written in English covering literature, history, politics, art and even cooking. Most of them are published by Chinese publishing houses, while there are also some original imported books from foreign countries. There are several branches in Beijing.
1. What's special about the bookstore Beijing Bookworm?| A．Being the largest one worldwide. |
| B．Being more than a bookstore. |
| C．Offering books by Lonely Planet. |
| D．Holding the Literary Festival monthly. |
| A．Opening mainly to artists. |
| B．Being a bookstore chain. |
| C．Attracting night-time readers. |
| D．Honoring Robert Wu Ching-yu. |
| A．Xinhua Bookstore. |
| B．Beijing Bookworm. |
| C．Eslite Bookstore. |
| D．Wangfujing Foreign Language Bookstore. |
【推荐2】Every one of us may have been hurt by others—either by their words or actions. The best way to deal with the problem is to “forgive and forget”.
“It is well established that learning to forgive others can have positive benefits for one’s physical and mental health,” Saima Noreen, a scientist at the University of St. Andrews, UK, told the Huffington Post.
Recently, Noreen and her research team have found one more reason that you should stick to this principle—forgiving somebody who has hurt you makes it easier for you to forget the unhappy memory, according to their new study.
In the study, researchers asked volunteers to read descriptions of 40 different situations that contained bad actions such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者), volunteers then had to decide whether they would be able to forgive. Two weeks later, volunteers took part in a memory test. In the test, they were shown a series of words related to the situations they had read about and then were asked to recall certain ones.
The results showed that people were less likely to remember the details of the unpleasant experiences if they had found forgiveness in their hearts. In contrast, if they hadn’t forgiven the mistake, they could always remember what had happened.
However, forgiving someone who has hurt you is always easier said than done. So Noreen hopes that one day in the near future research will give rise to powerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tools that will enable people to “forgive and forget” more effectively.
1. According to the passage, Saima Noreen is ________.| A．a reporter of Huffington |
| B．a scientist from UK |
| C．a student at a university |
| D．a volunteer in the test |
| A．Forgiving helps us to forget unhappy memories. |
| B．They have found no reason to hurt other people. |
| C．A memory test is necessary to help people forgive. |
| D．An unpleasant experience can be easily forgotten. |
a. Take a memory test. b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether to forgive or not. d. Read descriptions of 40 different situations.
| A．d→b→a→c | B．a→b→d→c |
| C．a→d→b→c | D．d→b→c→a |
| A．Translate. | B．Choose. | C．Remember. | D．Explain. |
| A．It’s impossible to forgive someone. |
| B．Noreen has finished her research report. |
| C．The therapeutic tools have been invented. |
| D．There may be some therapeutic tools soon. |
【推荐3】Some English words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, export, report and transport. All these words, you can see, have the same “port”, which come from the Latin word, meaning “to carry” or “to move” from one place to another. And according to the bit at the beginning, which we call the prefix the meaning changes. “Import” means “to carry in” or “to bring into a country”, “export”, “ex” means “out of”, so this word means “to carry out of the country”, “re” means “back”, so the “report” means “to tell somebody, to bring back information to somebody”, “transport”, “trans” means “across” and it means “to carry across one place to another”.
Let’s look at the following words: supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. You can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs plus a suffix, thus meaning a person who completes the verb. So supporter means somebody who supports. A reporter is somebody who reports. Importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on.
1. In the first sentence the word “part” means _______.| A．different beginnings and different endings |
| B．the same part that has several meanings |
| C．the root of the word |
| D．the same root that has different meanings |
| A．the meaning of a Latin word | B．a different meaning |
| C．the meaning of “in” or “out of” | D．a lot of meanings |
| A．just by adding “er” to verbs | B．by changing a prefix |
| C．only by adding “er” to a root | D．by adding a suffix to a verb |
| A．a man having good manners and education |
| B．a person who should be educated |
| C．somebody having bad manners |
| D．a person punished by somebody else |
