World No Tobacco Day (世界无烟日) is observed around the world annually on May 31st. It is a global initiative led by the World Health Organization (WHO) to raise awareness about the health risks associated with tobacco use and to advocate for effective policies to reduce tobacco (烟草) consumption.
Tobacco use is a leading cause of preventable deaths worldwide and is responsible for numerous health problems, including various types of cancer, heart disease, respiratory diseases, and other chronic conditions. Currently, more than 8 million deaths are caused annually worldwide, including 1.2 million deaths from second-hand smoke exposure in non-smokers.
The Member States of the WHO created World No Tobacco Day in 1987 to draw global attention to the tobacco and the preventable death and disease it causes. In 1987, the World Health Assembly passed Resolution WHA40.38, calling for 7th April 1988 to be a world no-smoking day. “In 1988, Resolution WHA42.19 was passed, calling for the celebration of World No Tobacco Day, every year on 31st May.
On World No Tobacco Day, numerous activities and initiatives take place globally to promote tobacco control. These can include public awareness campaigns, educational programs in schools and communities, smoking cessation support, advocacy for stronger tobacco control policies, and various events to encourage individuals to quit smoking.
Each year, the WHO chooses a specific theme for World No Tobacco Day to focus on a particular aspect of tobacco control. The theme may address issues such as the impact of tobacco on lung health, ‘the dangers of tobacco industry marketing strategies, or the importance of providing assistance to individuals who want to quit smoking. This theme then becomes the central component of the WHO’s tobacco-related agenda for the following year. The WHO oversees the creation and distribution of publicity materials related to the theme, including brochures, fliers, posters, websites, and press releases.
The ultimate purpose of World No Tobacco Day is to raise awareness, encourage individuals to quit tobacco use, and prevent young people from starting smoking. Since 1988, the WHO has presented one or more awards to organizations or individuals who have made exceptional contributions to reducing tobacco consumption.
1. What’s the main idea of paragraph 2?| A．Worldwide tobacco use. |
| B．Great harm caused by tobacco use. |
| C．Preventable deaths caused by tobacco use. |
| D．Death caused by second-hand smoke exposure. |
| A．World No Tobacco Day was passed on 7th April 1988. |
| B．Celebration date of World No Tobacco Day is not fixed. |
| C．World No Tobacco Day is celebrated with many activities and initiatives. |
| D．Currently, over 8 million deaths are caused by second-hand smoke exposure. |
| A．It is always about the dangers of second-hand smoke. |
| B．It highlights the positive effects of tobacco on health. |
| C．It advocates for effective policies to increase production. |
| D．It changes annually to focus on different aspects of tobacco control. |
| A．To prevent young people from quitting smoking. |
| B．To encourage individuals to give up tobacco use. |
| C．To raise awareness about health risks related to tobacco use. |
| D．To advocate for effective policies to reduce tobacco consumption. |
相似题推荐
But is it harmless fun?
Police forces across Britain are giving warnings about Halloween night. They are asking all those wishing to celebrate Halloween this year to respect those who don’t want to join in.
Some forces, like West Mercia Police, have produced “Sorry, No Trick or Treat”posters which can be downloaded from their website, and put up in windows. They want people to send them to the old or anyone who may be frightened by ghosts(鬼) knocking on their doors.
A spokesman said: “Children should not call on houses where the posters are put up, neither should they call on strangers, as this can put young people at risk and also make some house owners anxious, especially those who are elderly or living alone.”
The police want all trick or treaters to remember that disturbing other people or throwing objects at their homes or cars are all criminal offences(刑事罪). “What may start off as a bit of fun could end up with someone getting a criminal record,” they warn. “Parents may want to consider having a Halloween party at home, instead.”
Kent Police are warning young people never to go into the home of someone they don’t know—and to remember not to frighten people.
Warwickshire Police are also warning that tricks may seem like harmless fun but can cause trouble to others. They say behaviour such as throwing eggs can quickly cross the line between being anti-social and causing criminal damage. This can result in fines of ￡2,500 for small offences.
1. The study made by Safe kids Worldwide has found that _________.
| A．kids are afraid of Halloween |
| B．Halloween brings people no fun |
| C．kids are involved in criminal offences |
| D．Halloween night puts some kids at risk |
| A．put an end to trick or treat |
| B．control anti-social behaviours |
| C．punish those who frighten others |
| D．make Halloween safe trouble-free |
| A．ask people to respect the elderly. |
| B．make some people free from harm |
| C．warn little kids to behave themselves |
| D．express disagreement with Halloween |
【推荐2】Food Festivals Around the World
Stilton Cheese Rolling
May Day is a traditional day for celebrations, but the 2,000 English villagers of Stilton must be the only people in the world who include cheese rolling in their annual plans. Teams of four, dressed in a variety of strange and funny clothes, roll a complete cheese along a 50-metre course. On the way, they must not kick or throw their cheese, or go into their competitors’ lane. Competition is fierce and the chief prize is a complete Stilton cheese weighing about four kilos (disappointingly, but understandably the cheeses used in the race are wooden ones). All the competitors are served with beer or port wine, the traditional accompaniment for Stilton cheese.
Fiery Foods Festival — The Hottest Festival on Earth
Every year more than 10,000 people head for the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico. They come from as far away as Australia, the Caribbean and China, but they all share a common addiction-food that is not just spicy, but hot enough to make your mouth burn, your head spin and your eyes water. Their destination is the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival which is held over a period of three days every March. You might like to try a chocolate-covered habanero pepper — officially the hottest pepper in the world—or any one of the thousands of products that are on show. But one thing’s for sure—if you don’t like the feeling of a burning tongue, this festival isn’t for you!
La Tomatina — The World’s Biggest Food Fight
On the last Wednesday of every August, the Spanish town of Bunol hosts La Tomatina-the world’s largest food fight. A week-long celebration leads up to an exciting tomato battle as the highlight of the week’s events. The early morning sees the arrival of large trucks with tomatoes — official fight-starters get things going by casting tomatoes at the crowd.
The battle lasts little more than half an hour in which time around 50, 000 kilograms of tomatoes have been thrown at anyone or anything that moves, runs, or fights back. Then everyone heads down to the river to make friends again — and for a much-needed wash!
1. In the Stilton cheese rolling competition, competitors on each team must ______.| A．kick or throw their cheese |
| B．wear various formal clothes |
| C．roll a wooden cheese in their own lane |
| D．use a real cheese weighing about four kilos |
| A．Chinese food. | B．Spicy pepper. |
| C．Burning tongues. | D．Salty chocolate. |
| A．An exciting tomato battle takes place at the beginning of La Tomatina. |
| B．More than 10,000 Chinese take part in the Fiery Food and BBQ Festival. |
| C．The chief prize for the Stilton cheese rolling competition is beer or port wine. |
| D．You’re likely to be thrown tomatoes at during the food fight La Tomatia. |
【推荐3】Some Americans celebrate the Christian holiday of Easter, while others observe the Jewish holiday of Passover. They just look forward to the coming of spring.
Easter is when Christians celebrate the life of Jesus and what they believe was his return from the dead. For most Christians, Easter this year is on Sunday, April 4. For Eastern Orthodox Christians, May 2 is Orthodox Easter Sunday.
You may wonder why the date for Easter changes every year. It is one of the “movable feasts” that change each year.In English, the word “feast” can mean a religious festival as well as a large dinner. We have both of these on Easter and Passover.
In the early days of Christianity, leaders decided to set the date of Easter for the first Sunday following the first full moon of the spring season. It usually happens on or shortly after the vernal equinox (春分), or spring equinox The equinox is a date when day and night are the same length.
Many Christians in America attend religious services on Easter Sunday. Some of these services take place at sunrise. Children are often told stories about the Easter Bunny (兔子) who is said to hide eggs, chocolates and other sweet treats, for children to find on Easter morning. The Easter Bunny tradition probably developed from a German celebration of spring. Germans first settled in North America in the eighteenth century.
Individual families and groups also organize Easter egg hunts for children. The best-known egg hunt in America is the event called the White House Easter Egg Roll. The president and the first family usually join children in hunting for eggs, playing games, and reading stories.
1. What does Easter mean for Americans?| A．The end of April. | B．The death of Jesus. |
| C．The arrival of spring. | D．The coming of the full moon. |
| A．Its date may be different yearly. |
| B．It is celebrated only by Christians. |
| C．It happens before the vernal equinox. |
| D．Its name comes from the word “feast”. |
| A．The religious belief in Germany. |
| B．The old services at sunrise in spring. |
| C．The religious tradition of Easter in America. |
| D．The brief introduction of Easter activities in Europe. |
| A．Culture. | B．Family. | C．Diet. | D．Education. |
【推荐1】In your daily life, are you often a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat.However，the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time—about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down.This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day.The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern.They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world，people take naps in the middle of the day.This is especially true in warmer climates，where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate.A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general.In countries where naps are traditional，people often suffer less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people，unfortunately，have no time to take naps.Though doctors may advise taking naps，employers do not allow it! If you do have the chance，however，here are a few tips about making the most of your nap.Remember that the best time to take a nap isabout eight hours after you get up.A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long.If you do not have enough time，try a short nap—even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
1. Do you know why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?| A．Because it’s hot in summer. |
| B．Because you eat too much for lunch. |
| C．Because you didn’t have a good sleep last night. |
| D．Because your body temperature goes down at that time. |
| A．All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day. |
| B．Taking naps regularly is beneficial to people’s health. |
| C．If you take naps everyday，you’ll never suffer from heart disease. |
| D．Doctors need to take naps while employers don’t. |
| A．If you get up at 6：30 am，you’d better take a nap at about 1：30 pm. |
| B．Taking a nap whenever you want will do good to your health. |
| C．You’ll feel sleepy at regular intervals（间隔）. |
| D．You will feel less sleepy if you sleep for a long time. |
| A．All for a Nap | B．Just for a Rest |
| C．A Special Sleep Pattern | D．Taking Naps in Warmer Climate |
【推荐2】Pubs and other public places should rethink fitting washrooms with high-speed electric hand dryers because paper towels do a better job of containing germs when people do not wash their hands properly, researchers say. A study found that the dryers left more contamination (污染) on poorly washed hands when compared with old-fashioned paper towels. They also caused virus particles to be blown on to clothing and people who used them left a trail of microbes (微生物) when they touched surfaces.
The findings are relevant, the authors of the study said, because even healthcare workers often take shortcuts when washing their hands. A previous survey found that only 40 percent stuck to recommended hand-washing practices. The study involved an experiment where volunteers dipped their hands in a liquid containing a harmless virus and dried them using either an air dryer or paper towels. The participants also wore aprons to measure how contamination had spread to their clothing. They were then asked to walk through a hospital while touching surfaces such as lift buttons. Samples were collected from surfaces that volunteers had touched and from the aprons.
On average, the levels of contamination to surfaces volunteers touched were ten times higher after hands were dried with an air dryer than with paper towels. Researchers also saw greater transfer of microbes to the apron when volunteers used the air dryer. “The study was performed in a healthcare setting and has important lessons for health institutions that still have high-speed air dryers, but the results are also relevant for public restrooms,”Dr Ines Moura, a research fellow at the University of Leeds and an author of the study, said. “Based on the contamination observed, we question the choice of air dryers.” The study was published in the journal Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.
1. What findings does the study get?| A．Paper towels can better help reduce contamination. |
| B．Restrooms should be equipped with more paper towels. |
| C．Paper towels cause virus particles to get on to clothing. |
| D．Hand dryers did a better job when it comes to containing virus. |
| A．Because people prefer using hand dryers nowadays. |
| B．Because people like dipping their hands into the water. |
| C．Because people touch surfaces such as lift buttons a lot. |
| D．Because people don't wash their hands thoroughly enough. |
| A．In a pub. | B．In a lift. | C．In a hospital. | D．In a laboratory. |
| A．To advocate the authority to ban the use of hand dryers. |
| B．To arouse people's attention to the problem of hand dryers. |
| C．To call on people to wash their hands as recommended. |
| D．To warn people not to use hand dryers in public places. |
【推荐3】My friend was heartbroken. Her 8-year-old son had come home from school reporting that they were weighed in gym class, and that it had led to a discussion among the boys about their weights. It was the first time her son had realized that he was significantly heavier than most of his friends, and he came home that day with a brand-new message in his head: Being heavier wasn’t a good thing.
Her story gave me flashbacks to my own gym class weigh-ins. I remember being called up one by one, how the scale was connected to a large digital readout big enough for everyone to see—and how, sadly, it felt like a competition among the girls to be the lightest.
Though it varies from state to state, many schools have a program in place to measure health and fitness in gym class. The assessment usually includes things like push-ups, flexibility tests, and a scale. Weight is then used with the child’s height to calculate their body mass index (BMI). But is BMI a valid and important market of health or a harmful practice that should be retired?
“BMI measurement in school can provide some benefits, provided the measurements are done privately and sensitively, free of judgement,” says Dr. Muth. “When it’s not done with the utmost care, the downside outweighs any upside and it’s potentially harmful and stigmatizing.” Weighing students should not be done within sight or hearing distance of other students.
Still, it’s inevitable that some kids will compare numbers, and that can be potentially harmful. According to the National Eating Disorders Association, up to 60 percent of elementary school girls are worried about being too heavy. On the flip side, boys may feel shame if they’re seen as too small or scrawny. That’s why it’s important to avoid any stigmatizing language.
“We shouldn’t assume that higher weight kids are less healthy. That’s weight stigma, which can increase the risk for eating disorders,” says Rebecca Scritch-field, R. D., author of Body Kindness. Besides, she adds, some kids naturally tend higher on the growth curve, and that’s normal for them.
Weighing students in school can be beneficial to help kids get on a healthier path, but it must be done properly. That means away from other students and without any weight stigma attached. Parents should also communicate with schools to know when and how weigh-ins are being done in order to decide whether or not their kid should participate.
1. What annoyed the author’s friend was that _________.| A．She has gained much weight after a gym class. |
| B．Her son has gained much weight though with exercises. |
| C．Her son refused to attend the gym class because of his weight. |
| D．Her son felt embarrassed when weighed publicly in gym class. |
| A．BMI is employed to measure children’s health, which are used in all schools. |
| B．In order to calculate BMI, a child’s weight and height are needed. |
| C．BMI is such an important factor that it should be made public among kids. |
| D．The disadvantages of BMI measurement in school outweighs any advantages. |
| A．tall | B．depressed | C．energetic | D．skinny |
| A．It should be totally banned. |
| B．Parents should protest against it. |
| C．It should be held cautiously. |
| D．It should be posted in public. |
【推荐1】This may be the 21st century but when it comes to information communication technology(ICT), the gender(性别)divide between boys and girls, shows no sign of closing.
This is bad news for the ICT industry where men outnumber women by over five to one; the industry needs at least an extra million recruits(新成员)over the next five years. Obviously, women as well as men are going to have to fill these recruitment gaps(空缺).The ICT companies are worried about the shortage of men and women to fill their gaps in the future.
It is believed that women are very well suited to working in ICT-they enjoy working in teams and like looking for creative connections. Many women have the kind of personal skills which are considered important to develop “new technology”. Professionals who work in Information Technology are constantly creating the world around us, and this can’t be done if you don’t know how people work and how they play.
In spite of the fact that ICT jobs are well paid and women are more likely to do well in them, findings show that girls’ opinions of the industry are uniformly negative. Only 5% would consider entering the ICT industry compared to 14% for law and 26% for medicine. Up to the age of 11 girls see ICT as entertaining and interesting but after that age negativity sets in; by the age of 13,this negative view of ICT is confirmed.
After school activities encourage some girls to use Information Technology, and getting ICT staff and other teachers together helps to develop imaginative use of ICT. Imaginative use of ICT especially in music, art, drama, geography and media studies, all helps to open girls’ eyes to the fact that careers in computing can cut across so many different areas.
Students complete the same class task by rote(死记硬背)in the ICT class. Although girls follow successfully, they will achieve enjoyment and excellence if allowed to diversify and be creative. For girls, just pressing buttons is not enough.
Another method is setting up computer clubs aimed at younger girls aged 8 to 14. This is known to inspire girIs to develop their ICT skills and to show them that ICT can be both creative and interesting.
We can’t afford to have girls missing out.
1. What do we know about ICT?| A．It has a serious division between male and female. |
| B．The ICT companies don’t need to hire more workers. |
| C．ICT is a more promising career than the cause of law. |
| D．ICT attracts more women to join in because of its high salary. |
| A．Because of their high skills of studying. |
| B．Because of their creativity of new games. |
| C．Because their responsibility for their career. |
| D．Because of their spirit for teamwork and exploration. |
| A．Completing the class task by rote in the ICT class. |
| B．Making competitions in ICT class. |
| C．Developing imaginative use of ICT. |
| D．Connecting ICT to their scores. |
| A．The ICT will have a promising future. | B．Some measures to attract girls into ICT. |
| C．The advantages of ICT over medicine. | D．The differences between ICT and law. |
【推荐2】About 450 million years ago, animals made one of the most important decisions in Earth's history: They left the wet sea and started living on the dry land. At that moment, humanity's problems with superbugs (超级细菌) probably began. Scientists at the Broad Institute have found evidence that an important group of antibiotic-resistant (耐药性) bacteria are as old as animals themselves.“These bugs likely lived in the very first creatures that were out of the sea and came onto land,” says Ashlee Earl, who co-led the study.
During that time, these superbugs seem to have picked up characteristics that .helped them live in hospitals and even the most common antibiotics, like penicillin. “These bugs became part of these creatures' stomach bacteria," Earl adds. The superbug we're talking is a little guy called Enterococci. And it's the godfather of superbugs. Today Enterococci bacteria have become. a: major source of hospital infections. They, sicken nearly 70, 000 and. kill more than 1,000 each year in U.S., the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says.
“Why, out of the thousand species of bacteria that live in our stomach, have Enterococci become a superbug?" Earl wondered. To figure it out, she sequenced(排序) the genomes of 24 species of Enterococci found in the stomach of all sorts of animals, from bees and pigeons to human and fish. When she looked at what those genes do, Earl quickly realized Enterococci’s secret weapon: “Basically, it's like the. bacteria put on a tough suit." Many of these special genes are involved in hardening the bacteria's cell wall.“They help make the bacteria able to withstand drying out and exposure to disinfectants(消毒剂)”
“Remember, these are bacteria that live in the stomach of animals, but. sometimes they are out in waste." When the waste happens in the ocean, the bacteria end up in an environment that's not too different than. an animal's stomach, wet and filled with nutrients. But when bacteria are out onto land, they find themselves in a much harder environment. They are exposed to U.V. light, starving and drying up. So, to survive, they needed to develop this tough suit.
1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?| A．Hospitals are fighting against superbugs fiercely. |
| B．It is possible that superbugs can be defeated in the near future. |
| C．Superbugs can be traced back to ancient land animals. |
| D．Humans have lived with superbugs for a long time. |
| A．the harsh environment | B．the hard 'cell wall |
| C．the evolution of Enterococci | D．the abundant nutrients |
| A．They had a comfortable life then. | B．They tended to protect themselves from starving. |
| C．They developed a tough suit. | D．They depended on the sea animals. |
| A．To introduce the concept of superbugs. | B．To explain the changing living environment. |
| C．To compare the gut bacteria with Enterococci. | D．To inform the origination of-superbugs. |
【推荐3】It has become common knowledge that our oceans are filled with garbage. Broken objects, used plastic bottles and so on fill our beaches and cover the ocean floor, doing huge damage to ocean creatures. Many individuals and organizations are working to remove this garbage, and recent technological developments have given them a new tool to do so: the trash-eating robot.
Robots of various shapes have been designed to collect garbage that they find floating in the ocean. For example, the French company IADMEEYS has developed what it calls the jellyfishbot. This small robot gathers up everything it meets, including liquid hydrocarbons (碳氢化合物) such as gasoline and oil. The jellyfishbot is remotely controlled and can clean up to 1,000 square meters per hour. The jellyfishbots’ small size and ability to be easily controlled make them ideal for cleaning up crowded areas such as ports.
For larger, more open areas, a much larger robot called the Interceptor has a similar function. Designed for use on rivers, the Interceptor looks like a boat with a conveyor belt (传送带) that picks up trash. Once a sensor indicates that the rubbish bins are full, the Interceptor automatically sends a text message to onshore operators. These operators collect and empty the rubbish bins, sending the garbage to local waste management facilities.
The Interceptor’s name comes from the verb intercept because its purpose is to prevent trash from getting to the ocean. Most of the garbage in the oceans comes down rivers. Cleaning up trash that litters the ocean is good, but to keep the oceans clean, new garbage must be stopped from getting there. Therefore the Interceptor is used to stop pollution before it enters the ocean.
The Interceptor is completely solar-powered and operates on its own, which minimizes the need for human involvement.
Robots are able to clean up large amounts of garbage without humans struggling through beach cleanup by hand. Hopefully, they can be a big part of the solution to ocean pollution.
1. What’s the purpose of the first paragraph?| A．To introduce the background. |
| B．To set the readers reflecting. |
| C．To state the writer ‘s intention. |
| D．To give supporting details. |
| A．They need no human operation. |
| B．They can clean up crowded ports. |
| C．They are both solar-powered. |
| D．They are controlled in the distance. |
| A．Stop. | B．Check. | C．Sort. | D．Collect. |
| A．They collect all the garbage. |
| B．They save much human labor. |
| C．They get rid of water pollution. |
| D．They empty the rubbish bins. |
