Passage 4
You may know about "junk food" like French fries. But do you know about "junk sleep"?
Recently, a British survey found that electronic products in teenagers' bedrooms are affecting their sleep.
The survey was done among 1 000 British kids aged 12 to 16. It found that 30 percent of them got just 4 to 7 hours sleep every day. But experts say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost a quarter of the kids said they fell asleep more than once a week while watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
"This is very worrying," said Dr Chris Idzikowski, a British expert. "We call it 'junk sleep'. It means you don't get enough sleep and the quality of the sleep is bad too. If you don't get good rest, you don't perform well in school the next day." The survey found that 40 percent of the kids felt tired each day, with girls aged 15 to 16 feeling the worst.
Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, MP4 or TV in their bedroom. And around two-thirds of them have all three.
1. "Junk food" and "junk sleep" are similar to each other in the way that _____.| A．they are both good to people's health | B．they are both low in quality |
| C．people enjoy both in their spare time | D．they are both produced in factories |
| A．300 | B．250 | C．500 | D．400 |
| A．Teenagers need 4 to 7 hours of sleep each day. |
| B．Teenagers spend too much time on electronic products. |
| C．Girls aged 15 to 16 spend the least time on electronic products. |
| D．Electronic products harm the teenagers by producing harmful rays. |
| A．Electronic Products | B．A Survey about Kids |
| C．The Importance of Sleeping | D．Junk Sleep |
| A．Parents must take the electronic problem. |
| B．Parents prevent the teenagers from using any electronic product. |
| C．Teenagers should make a rule to spend less time on the electronic product. |
| D．Teenagers should make a decision not to use the electronic products at school. |
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【推荐1】You may know about “junk food” like French fries. But do you know about “junk sleep”? Recently, a British survey shows that there are many electronic products (电子产品) in teenagers’ bedrooms. They are influencing teenagers’ sleep badly.
The survey was done among 1,000 British kids from 12 to 16. It found that 50% of them got just 4 to 7 hours’ sleep every day. But doctors say they need 8 to 9 hours.
Almost 25% of the kids said they often fell asleep while they were watching TV, listening to music or using other electronic products.
“This is very worrying,” said Dr. Chris, a British professor. “We call it ‘junk sleep’. It means you don’t get enough sleep and the quality (质量) of the sleep is low, too. If you don’t get a good rest, you won’t do well in school the next day.” The survey found that quite a few of the kids felt tired each day because of the junk sleep, especially girls between 13 and 16 feeling the worst. Nearly all the teenagers have a phone, an ipad or TV in their bedrooms. And lots of them even have all the three.
Dr. Chris suggested that parents should help their children keep away from electronic products, and teenagers should spend less time on the electronic products.
1. How many children often fell asleep while using electronic products? ________| A．About 200. | B．About 250. |
| C．About 500. | D．About 1000. |
| A．they are both high in quality |
| B．they are both bad for our health |
| C．they are both delicious |
| D．they are both helpful in our life |
| A．A few teenagers have electronic products in their bedrooms. |
| B．The survey found that boys between 13 and 16 feel the worst. |
| C．The doctors say teenagers of 12 to 16 need 4 to 7 hours’ sleep each day. |
| D．Teenagers won't do well in school the next day unless they get a good rest. |
| A．Junk food or junk sleep. |
| B．Enough sleep, active in class. |
| C．Fewer electronic products, less junk sleep. |
| D．Junk food, unhealthy life. |
【推荐2】Researchers have studied left-handedness for at least 150 years. However, what makes a person become left-handed is unknown, although there are many theories (理论) about it.
A recent UK study of unborn babies found that handedness might develop before their birth. About nine out of ten unborn babies preferred to put their right hand into their mouth. Another finding was that mothers who are over 40 at the time of a child’s birth are 128% more likely to have a left-handed baby than a woman in her twenties.
Since about 90% of people are right-handed, left-handed people do go through some difficulties. Because we write from left to right, it is hard for a left-handed person to write without smudging (把……弄模糊) the ink. What’s more, most tools such as scissors and kitchen knives are made for right-handed people. It can be dangerous for left-handed people to use them.
In the past, left-handed children were asked to use their right hand because people thought they were strange. Luckily, now most people alter their views of left-handers. Left-handed children are no longer looked down upon in school. Some shops sell products for left-handers, such as left-handed guitars and even a left-handed computer mouse. Since 1976, there has been an unusual day for left-handers. International Left-Handers Day is celebrated on August 13th every year. It draws people’s attention to the challenges left-handers face in a world full of right-handers. More and more people have realized left-handedness is nothing strange.
1. A baby boy may develop left-handedness when ________.| A．nine out of ten babies do so |
| B．his mom is in her twenties at his birth |
| C．his mom gives birth to him at an older age |
| D．he puts his right hand into his mouth often |
| A．they write from right to left |
| B．people think they are dangerous |
| C．kitchen knives are too big for them |
| D．many tools are made only for right-handers |
| A．check | B．change | C．explain | D．hold |
| A．lived a comfortable life |
| B．were not considered normal |
| C．were very popular at school |
| D．were allowed to use products for left-handers |
| A．International Left-Handers Day | B．Challenges for Left-handers |
| C．Left-handedness, Nothing Strange | D．Reasons for Left-handedness |
【推荐3】There is always a discussion about whether you should get your kids to do chores around the house or not. However, it really has so many benefits to children that I find it hard to see why you wouldn’t get them to do a few regular chores.
The most important reason is that getting children to do chores gives them a lot of life skills. They need to understand how to clean, how to cook, how to stop etc. . . It is, however, one of the things that schools don’t necessarily teach fully, so it is one of the main parts of learning that is down to parents to provide for children before they leave home.
Children like to feel proud about their achievements. Helping around the house can really help to give them a sense of pride, and giving them praise for helping will make them want to do more. They will feel happy to be able to help around the house, not just a bystander.
Giving your children a specific job or a specific area in the house to look after will help them learn how to be responsible in later life, They will see the benefit of keeping things organized, clean and tidy and also appreciate more what you do for them as they grow up.
Planning is a life skill that can be gained from helping around the house. As children get older, you can start to teach them how to understand the needs of themselves and others and plan accordingly. For example, if they help with the washing, then let them make sure that they do it in time. They may start to plan ahead.
All these reasons to get kids to do chores and help around the house mean that they’ll grow up with a great set of skills that can be of benefit to them throughout their lives. Why not get started today?
1. Which is one of the life skills parents should teach kids?| A．When to move out in the future. | B．Being confident in doing everything. |
| C．How to wash clothes. | D．Teaching themselves fully at school. |
| A．who watches without taking part | B．who helps parents with a few chores at home |
| C．who thinks parents shouldn’t push kids hard | D．who lives by themselves |
| A．learn what is responsibility | B．have a sense of pride |
| C．get good at planning | D．learn what is teamwork |
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
| A．Challenges through our life. |
| B．Reasons to get children to do chores. |
| C．The importance of getting along with your children. |
| D．A discussion about whether kids should do chores or not. |
【推荐1】The Chinese language is one of the oldest and most complex languages in the world. It has a long history and its characters have gone through many changes over the centuries.
The earliest form of Chinese characters were pictographs(象形文字). These characters were simple pictures that meant an object or action. For example, the character for “tree” was a picture of a tree and the character for “sun” was a picture of the sun. Over time, these pictographs became more abstract(抽象的) and changed into ideographs(表意文字). Ideographs were characters that meant an idea or a concept.
The third stage of Chinese character was the introduction of phonetic components(表音偏旁). It allowed people to know a word without having to draw a picture of it. Phonetic components are small pieces of a character that meant the sound of the word. For example, the character for “horse” is made up of the phonetic components for “ma” and “horse”.
Finally, Chinese characters developed into the modern forms we see today. These characters are made up of a combination(结合体) of pictographs, ideographs and phonetic components. This has made Chinese characters much easier to learn and remember, as they are now made up of smaller parts that are easier to remember and recognize.
The change of Chinese characters has had a main influence on Chinese culture and society. For centuries, Chinese character were the only way to communicate and write. This allowed Chinese culture and language to spread through the world. It also allowed people to share their ideas and thoughts with each other, which led to the development of rich and diverse cultures. Today, Chinese characters are still used in China and many other countries. They are important parts of Chinese culture, and they continue to change. Chinese characters reflect creativity of the Chinese people, and they will continue to be an important part of Chinese culture for many years to comic.
1. ________ is the earliest form of Chinese characters.| A．Pictograph | B．Phonetic components | C．Ideograph |
| A．①②—③④—⑤ | B．①—②③④—⑤ | C．①—②③—④⑤ |
| A．be easily learned and remembered |
| B．spread culture throughout the world |
| C．communicate with people clearly |
| A．have renamed the same all along |
| B．are still used in China and many other countries |
| C．are no longer an important part of Chinese culture. |
| A．Chinese characters always keep up with the changing times |
| B．the development of Chinese characters pushes the progress of the whole world |
| C．Chinese characters are the symbol of creativity and stand for new times |
【推荐2】When we think of spring, we think of a season of fine, warm weather and clear, fresh air. We think of new life, green plants and budding trees all around us.
Everyone longs for spring. Spring is a short season in many places around the world. But in my hometown, it feels like spring nearly all year round.
The weather here is neither too hot nor too cold. The average winter temperature is 15℃. In summer it never gets too hot.
The average temperature is 24℃. The city gets about 1,000 millimetres of rain every year. There’s plenty of sunshine too, with about 2, 250 hours of sunshine every year. Because of the spring-like weather, you can find hundreds of beautiful flowers and trees anytime of the year.
Can you guess my hometown? Yes, it’s Kunming—“the Spring City”.
1. Why does everyone expect spring to come according to the passage?| A．It feels warm nearly all through the year. |
| B．Spring is short in many parts of the world. |
| C．People can enjoy flowers and trees. |
| A．tell children what is spring |
| B．introduce his or her hometown |
| C．teach children how to love spring |
| A．Before long, she took some ________ trees back and tried making a fire. |
| B．The bees were flying to the new field of ________ flowers with care. |
| C．I picked an orange from the ________ tree. |
①Everyone longs for spring.
②The average temperature is 24℃.
③The weather here is neither too hot nor too cold.
④The city gets about 1,000 millimetres of rain every year.
| A．②③ | B．①③ | C．②④ |
| A．Kunming—“the Spring City” |
| B．The weather of Kuming |
| C．The spring of Kuming |
【推荐3】Nowadays, more and more new inventions make our life more comfortable and convenient. It is difficult for us to point out which inventions changed human’s life the most. But in my opinion, the three greatest inventions are changing the world the most. They are electricity, planes and computers.
Firstly, electricity actually becomes necessary in human being’s life. Many big and heavy machines are used to produce foods, clothes and other everyday products in factories. Such machines work only with the help of electricity. In fact, we cannot imagine how we would live without electricity in modern times.
Secondly, I believe computers have changed our life greatly. They help us a lot in saving information. Computers are widely used in almost all fields, such as studying, working, entertaining(娱乐) and so on.
Lastly, the significant is the invention of planes. They have changed the way of our traveling. They can turn long and boring journeys into short trips. With their help, people from different parts of the world could travel from one place to another quickly. I think planes are really important in our life.
1. What does the writer think of the three inventions?| A．Most comfortable. | B．Most important. |
| C．Most interesting. | D．Most general. |
| A．Electricity. | B．TVs. | C．Computers. | D．Paper. |
| A．重要的 | B．特殊的 | C．有创意的 | D．广泛的 |
| A．To give his opinions about inventions. | B．To tell the influence of inventions. |
| C．To tell the importance of inventions. | D．To help us know about inventions. |
【推荐1】The airport in Boswell is twenty-one miles from the city. The banks and business offices are in the center of the city. Read the notes from the diary of Mr. Reg Smith.
| March 2019 15 Mon. 35 Australian students visiting Boswell want cheap holidays. 16 Tues. Mr. and Mrs. J. Grant arriving from Sydney need 2 overnight stops. 17 Wed. Mr. Nagashima from Tokyo arrives for two days' business trip. 18 Thurs. 65 German students need two days in a cheap hotel. 19 Fri. 20 Sat. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson, from New York City, arrive by air. 21 Sun. 22 Mon. Mr. and Mrs. F. Ray need a small inexpensive hotel for two days. |
1. Mr. Reg Smith is probably________.
| A．a headmaster | B．a travel manager | C．a traveler |
| A．Australia | B．Japan | C．Germany |
| A．Tuesday | B．Wednesday | C．Thursday |
| A．107 | B．65 | C．35 |
| A．Sunday | B．Thursday | C．Saturday |
China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历). It stands for the start of spring and farming. This year, the day fell on March 10.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants (传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs about dragons.
On the day in ancient times, people put ashes (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest (收成) in autumn.
Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have faded away (消退). But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
1. The Dragon Head Raising Day is one of the ________ festivals.| A．English | B．French | C．Chinese | D．American |
| A．March 10 | B．February 2 | C．March 4 | D．March 8 |
| A．Because the dragon liked the ashes. |
| B．Because the ashes stood for the harvest. |
| C．Because the ashes led the dragon into the house. |
| D．Because the ashes could bring good luck. |
| A．the cutting of hair | B．the dragon boating | C．to eat Zongzi | D．to eat mooncakes |
| A．The Dragon Head Raising Day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. |
| B．The dragon is important in Chinese culture. |
| C．People eat “dragon whisker” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth” on the Dragon Head Raising Day. |
| D．The Dragon Head Raising Day stands for the start of spring and harvest. |
【推荐3】In China，more and more villagers have left home to make a living in big cities. As a result，their children have become leftover children and they need more care. The survey below is from some villages in Central China. Three hundred children were chosen to answer the questions.
| What they want | Love | Money | Freedom | Control | Something else |
| 40% | 18% | 28% | 10% | 4% | |
| Who to talk with | Oneself | Family members | No one | ||
| 27% | 55% | 18% | |||
| Communicate （交流） with their parents freely or not | Yes | A little difficult | No | ||
| 46% | 44% | 10% | |||
| The way they like to live | Living with parents | Living without parents | No idea | ||
| 58% | 14% | 28% | |||
| What they think of their parents'working in cities | Bad | Good | No idea | ||
| 20% | 39% | 41% | |||
| Happiest place | School | Home | Friend's home | ||
| 48% | 34% | 18% | |||
1. Of all the four things，the leftover children need ________ most.
| A．love | B．money | C．control | D．freedom |
| A．14% | B．28% | C．44% | D．58% |
| A．48. | B．102. | C．144. | D．156. |
| A．pocket money | B．places they like | C．their needs | D．their parents' working in cities |
| A．most leftover children want more freedom without parents |
| B．over 40% of the children have difficulty talking to parents freely |
| C．all the leftover children dream of making money in big cities |
| D．most villagers prefer living a life in the countryside. |
Death Valley is a huge place. It extends more than 225 kilometers across the southern part of California into the neighboring state (州) of Nevada. Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous desert and mountains. There are mountains that reach more than 3,000 meters into the sky.
Much of Death Valley is flat and dry. In some areas the ground is nothing but salt. Nothing is able to grow in this salty ground. However, it would be wrong to think that nothing lives in Death Valley. The valley is full of life. Wildflowers grow very quickly after even a small amount of rain. Several kinds of birds live in Death Valley, as do mammals and reptiles. Many different snakes live there too.
The area got its name in 1849. That was the year after gold was discovered (发现) in California. Thousands of people from around the country traveled to the gold mining areas of the state. They were in a hurry to get there before other people did. One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail. By December they had reached Death Valley. But there was a lack (短缺) of water and there were too few plants for their work animals to eat. The people could not find a pass through the tall mountains to the west of the valley. Slowly, they began to suffer from a lack of food. To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the valley. As they left, a woman in the group looked back and said, "Goodbye, death valley." The name has never been changed.
Death Valley became a national park in 1994. More than one million people visit the park each year.
1. The text is most probably from ________.
| A．a story book | B．a radio program |
| C．a science magazine | D．a news report |
| A．Death Valley is full of life |
| B．much of Death Valley is flat and dry |
| C．nothing can grow in this salty ground |
| D．different animals live in Death Valley |
| A．Because the group of people didn’t know how to walk out of the valley. |
| B．Because lots of people died here. |
| C．Because the woman was left behind and would die here. |
| D．Because the group of people lived a hard life here and their work animals were killed. |
| A．Death Valley extends from California to Nevada. |
| B．Wildlife can live in Death Valley. |
| C．Gold was discovered in California after Death Valley got its name. |
| D．Death Valley didn’t become a national park until 1994. |
【推荐2】Although many people agree that junk food is unhealthy and has little nutrition(营养), they are still fond of it.
What is junk food?
Junk food has a lot of fat, salt or sugar and many food additives(添加剂). Scientists believe that eating a lot of junk food makes people overweight. People may also have their heart diseases, high blood pressure and tooth problems if they eat too much junk food. What is junk food? For example, fast food such as hamburgers, pizza and French fries, is often regarded as junk food. Also, soft drinks are junk food because they have a lot of sugar. But honey and grapes are not.
Why do people like it?
The name “junk food” first appeared in 1972. Over the years, it has become popular with many people. Sellers are fond of it because it is cheap to make and easy to keep for a long time. Many customers are fond of it because it is easy to buy and tastes good.
1. Junk food has according to the passage.| A．little fat | B．no salt or sugar |
| C．a lot of honey | D．many food additives |
| A．Because it’s easy to keep. |
| B．Because it’s cheap to make. |
| C．Because it has lots of nutrition. |
| D．Because it’s easy to buy and tastes good. |
| A．It may make people get overweight. |
| B．It may bring people heart diseases. |
| C．It may make people get healthier and healthier. |
| D．It may bring people teeth problems. |
Jack was not a stupid kid, nor was he the cleverest student. He didn’t care for school. With his “I’d rather be fishing” opinion, Jack missed a lot of classes. Knowing that graduating from middle school was not going to be written in his life, Jack left school at the age of fourteen.
Jack then was taken to his uncle’s farm in Wisconsin. At the age of eighteen, he went to California. He found a good job at an aircraft (飞机) company there. He had to lie (撒谎) about his education. Worrying that his background (学历) was found out, Jack was employed there.
Two years later, Jack got married. To better his life, he got his high school diploma (毕业文凭). He chose to learn automotive technology (汽车技术) as well. Sadly, this was terminated when he took his wife and son back to his uncle’s farm. Jack found a job as a worker in a wire factory. Seven years later, Jack realized he was not going to work there all his life. He wanted to be an automobile engineer, so he left there again.
Because of hard work, Jack joined a junior college to learn automotive technology in the state of California. Though it was hard for him to remember, he studied hard for two years and finally received his diploma. Jack went on to work as an automotive technician for an excellent company. Within a year he was an engineer.
1. Why couldn’t Jack finish his middle school education? Because _________.| A．he was too stupid. | B．he had little interest in school study |
| C．his parents wanted him to work earlier | D．he fished every day |
| A．Wisconsin | B．his uncle’s farm | C．a wire factory | D．California |
| A．4 | B．7 | C．11 | D．15 |
| A．ended | B．taught | C．received | D．reached |
| A．didn’t get high school diploma | B．wanted to get married |
| C．wanted to be an automobile engineer | D．lost his job |
| A．It was easy for Jack to join a junior college | B．Jack spent one year finishing his study in the college |
| C．Jack went on to work on his uncle’s farm | D．Jack’s dream of being an engineer came true |
