1 . 根据短文内容，用符合语义及语法规则的词填空。

Around the world, people are more and more worried about the environment. Many people now prefer products and companies that care about the earth and cause less pollution. This need for green products has led large companies to change their business.

Before, customers used cheap plastic bags, and then threw them away. But now most supermarkets and stores usually provide reusable shopping bags for them. This causes less waste.

They also offer more local products, because less energy is needed for carrying them from one place to another.

To help lower air pollution, big car factories are looking for other ways to control the amount of oil. Cars that use much less oil are very popular. Many companies are also developing fully electric cars. They produce no air pollution at all. Both kinds of cars have another advantage: They are cheaper to run and people don’t need to worry about oil prices.

The airline companies face an even greater green challenge. Airplanes use much more oil than cars. So many airlines are now developing planes that can run on some other kinds of oil. They create less pollution and cost less. The companies are also developing a new kind of planes, and some of them use only solar panels (太阳能板) to fly!

Green businesses used to be popular with only a small group of people. But now, more and more companies have to show they care about the environment. Many products are marked “green” in order to look nice. However, people still have to be careful when choosing green products. It’s important to make sure the products are as environmentally friendly as the businessmen say.

1. Large companies have to change their business because of the need for ________.
2. Before, customers ________ plastic bags after they used them.
3. Big car factories are trying to control the amount of oil in order to help lower ________.
4. Many airlines are now developing planes that can run on some ________ of oil.
5. We should make sure the products are as ________ as the businessmen say.

2 . 根据短文内容，用符合语义及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。

English is rich in expressions that come from animals. Today we will talk about the wolf.

Wolves are important animals in the traditions and stories of America. Before the Europeans arrived at north America in the 1500s, wolves often meant being brave to native Americans.

However, in English, wolves are not to be trusted. Perhaps wolves attacked (攻击) too many people or ate too many farm animals. Whatever the reason, wolves were killed in many places. So many wolves died that they almost became endangered. They also became known as bad animals.

To begin with, there is an expression “lone wolf”. If we call somebody a lone wolf, he isn’t a bad person, but he may like to do things by himself. In fact, he sometimes makes you think he doesn’t want to be around people because he dislikes them.

Now, let’s move on to the home. Parents tell their children not to wolf down their food. In other words, the child eats too quickly and without care. And if someone says a child was raised by wolves, that child has bad manners and is behaving like a wild animal.

By the way, there is popular expression about wolf from a very old story: a wolf in sheep’s clothing. A wolf in sheep’s clothing describes someone who acts and looks nice on the outside but is bad on the inside. It tells us not to be fooled by appearances (外表).

1. Wolves often meant being ________ to native ________ before the Europeans arrived at north America.
2. In English, perhaps because wolves attacked too many people or ate too many ________, they are not to be trusted.
3. If someone likes to do things by himself, we can call him “________.”
4. “Wolf down their food” means someone eats too ________ and without ________.
5. A wolf in sheep’s clothing describes someone who acts and looks nice on the ________ but is bad on the ________.

3 . 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。

In many countries, people are encouraged to buy electric cars. It is said that driving an electric car is good for the environment. But is that true? The University of Minnesota recently studied emissions (排放物) from different cars. The scientists found that sometimes, electric cars are more harmful than petrol (汽油) cars.

Surprising? Well, please pay attention to the word “sometimes”. Electric cars are supposed to be clean. The problem lies in the power that is used to charge them. If the power comes from wind or solar energy, electric cars will cause little pollution. However, if the power is produced from coal, they will be very harmful. According to the study, emissions from these cars kill about 3,000 people a year. However, pollution caused by petrol cars only leads to 880 deaths a year.

In fact, sales people are not lying when they say electric cars are clean. However, they are right only when the power used to charge their cars is also clean.

So how clean electric cars are depends on what its electricity comes from. In France, more than half of the power comes from nuclear (核) stations. Electric cars there should be as clean as they are marketed to be. In many developing countries, however, electricity mainly comes from coal. India, for example, depends on coal for 61 percent of its power. Only two percent of electricity comes from nuclear energy. In countries like India electric cars are not clean at all.

1. Why are people in many countries encouraged to buy electric cars? Because they think electric cars ______________________________________ the environment .
2. How are electric cars whose power come from wind or solar energy?
If the power of electric cars comes from wind or solar energy, it will cause ______________________________________.
3. How many people may be killed a year by the emissions from the cars whose power is produced by coal?
Emissions from the cars whose power is produced by coal can kill about ______________________________________ people a year.
4. According to the passage, in which country the electric cars are cleaner than many developing countries?
Electric cars from ______________________________________ are cleaner.
5. Where may power of electric cars come from? (至少写出文中提到的两种能源)
______________________________________.

4 . 阅读表达。

These days, “Double Reduction” policy is made to reduce pressure on Primary and middle school students in China.

The first piece of good news is that there are fewer exams for students. First and second grades in primary schools don’t have any written exams. As for junior school students, they needn’t take weekly or monthly tests anymore.

①students, go, can, home, with, parents, their. This is because primary schools and junior high schools now need to offer an after-class service. ②They should offer the service at least five days a week for two hours. Students can stay at school until their parents get off the work.

1. 请在文中找出与 stress 同义的词。
________________________________________
2. 请列举一个“双减”政策带来的好处。
________________________________________
3. 请根据文章内容回答：
Do junior school students need to take weekly or monthly tests?
________________________________________
4. 请将①处的单词连词成句。
________________________________________
5. 请写出文中②句划线的单词 They 指代的内容。
________________________________________

5 . 根据短文内容， 用符合语义及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。

There is a 24-hour smart bookstore in Guiyang, Guizhou. It has no workers. Visitors get into the bookstore via a facial recognition system(凭借面部识别系统) and they pay for things at the self-service checkout(自助付款台).

The 200 m² bookstore has nearly 10,000 books for all ages. It not only sells books, but it also serves as a library. Customers can stay there and read for free as long as they like without being disturbed(打扰) by anyone.

What’s more, it’s very safe to stay in the bookstore because of a remote monitoring and alarm system(远程监控和警报系统). “We keep an eye on the bookstore from a control room. As soon as we find a problem, we will act quickly to deal with it,” said Wang Ying, the store manager.

Since the bookstore opened in April 2022, it has been very popular. It receives hundreds of customers a day. People enjoy its quietness and convenience(便利) a lot. 26-year-old Chen Wentao has developed a new reading habit as a result of visiting the store. “It makes me feel easy to pick up a book and enjoy it here,” Chen says. “Unlike video games, reading brings me a sense of peace in the fast life.”

A number of old people have also been visiting the bookstore. For them, the bookstore is more than just a place to real. 69-year-old Luo Yinfeng usually comes to the bookstore to relax. “I love reading here. It is really good for the elderly to experience new technologies and keep up with the rapidly changing world,” she says.

1. Visitors won’t see any ________ in the 24-hour smart bookstore in Guiyang.
2. The bookstore not only sells books, but it also serves as ________ ________.
3. It is ________ ________ to stay in the bookstore because of its remote monitoring and alarm system.
4. After ________ the store, Chen Wentao has developed a new ________ habit.
5. The bookstore gives the elderly a chance to ________ ________ ________ the rapidly changing world.

7 . 根据短文内容，用符合语义及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。

Smartphones have become an important and necessary part of our daily lives. However, the overuse of smartphones may cause younger students’ eye problems and stop them paying attention to their studies.

In China, primary and middle school have had more rules to limit students’ mobile phone use at school since January. Those who require their phones for some reasons must get their parents’ and teachers’ emission (允许) and hand their phones over during class time, in some schools, there is a box out of the classroom for specially storing students’ phones. This is obviously good for improving students’ focus on study and fighting addiction (瘾) to the internet.

According to a repot, China had 175 million internet users under the age of 18 in 2019, with 74 percent having their own mobile phones. This is worrying, as long-time use of smartphones harms children’s eyesight, neck and even the brain. Besides, spending too much time on the phone will take their attention away and prevent them from learning.

1. Everyone needs a smartphone because it’s __________ and __________ in our daily lives.
2. In China, mobile phones __________ not __________ to carry to schools freely since January.
3. Students can’t go to school with their smartphones __________ their parents and teachers __________.
4. A way to limit students’ phone use is to put a __________ to __________ them out of the classroom.
5. Too much using of smartphones isn’t __________ __________ children’s eyesight, neck and brain.

8 . 根据短文内容，用符合语义及语法规则的词填空，每空一词。

It is common to experience culture shock when living in a foreign country for a certain period of time. Culture shock is the uncomfortable feeling of uncertainty that many people experience when they live in other surroundings (环境). It is a quite natural part of being used to a new environment.

Some good ways to successfully reduce and overcome culture shock are to read about the place where you will be staying and the things you will be doing. If possible, speak with someone who has already lived in the new environment.

Once you are there, keep in mind that people and customs may be very different from what you are used to. If you have realized the difficulties and misunderstandings that may happen to you, you will keep a cool head, and keeping an open mind will allow you to find ways of dealing with those problems that may appear.

If it is possible, try your best to talk with the local people and ask them questions Don’t try to isolate (孤立) yourself, even if it is within a group of people from your own country. Local people will generally be pleased to introduce you their culture and willing to answer questions. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. When you want to learn something from local people, they are usually willing to share their culture with you.

Most importantly, keep a sense of humor! Don’t be too hard on yourself if you don’t know what to do in a social situation. Laugh at yourself and others will laugh with you. Most people will admire your wisdom and effort to understand their ways, especially if you have no idea of small cultural differences.

1. People usually have a (n) ________ feeling of ________ when living abroad for some time.
2. Try to ________ with those people who have been there for a period of time.
3. Realizing the possible difficulties and misunderstandings can help you keep ________.
4. Avoid isolating yourself and try to find chances to communicate with the ________ people. They will be happy to share their ________ with you.
5. ________ ________ ________ is a good way to show your wisdom. Your effort will be ________ by most people.