1 . Have you ever heard of surfing? It’s hard, but if you have already tried snowboarding, which is also about balancing yourself on a board, so how hard could it possibly be? The key of surfing is how you position your feet on the board, and how you balance your weight on each foot.
Recently, Wavorhouse—an indoor surfing club appeared in Beijing. Mi Guo Yunchuan, the creator of the club, says “Beginners will need about 6 hours of training, just to be able to stand on the flowboard.” Actually, it will take much longer for beginners to start surfing. But indoor surfing can be a bit different from surfing at the beach. With indoor surfing, the machine creates a fast-moving sheet of water, which makes it harder to stay balanced on the flowboard. But with ocean surfing, reefs and currents can make it dangerous for surfer. So indoor surfing may be harder for beginners, but it is much safer. Also while surfing at the beach means you have to paddle all the way from the coast into the sea again and again. An indoor wave machine allows you to stay on the board all the time-that is, if you can!
There’s one tip that the indoor surfers can offer you, it’s this: Get used to falling off the flowboard. But don’t let this scare you off. Surfing is great for improving your balance, stamina and core strength. And it is fun. If you try, you will definitely come back for more. And one day, you will be a surfing master. You might think that it would take you years and years to master surfing. But the truth is that many of the world surfing champions are youngsters, even teenagers. It is just like the old Chinese saying, “Each new generation excels the last one.”
1. The passage is mainly about ________.| A．indoor surfing | B．ocean surfing | C．great surfers | D．tips for surfing |
| A．is easy for beginners | B．is dangerous all the time |
| C．is hard without any fun | D．is good for your balance |
| A．Jacob, a young man who likes surfing very much. |
| B．Jackie, a great Wavorhouse staff who is good at surfing. |
| C．Jane, a high school student who is being trained as a surfer. |
| D．Jessie, a school girl who has already learned surfing for 6 hours. |
| A．CITY PAGE | B．CAMPUS LIFE | C．MODERN SPORTS | D．AROUND THE WORLD |
2 . Researchers recently discover unusual behavior of chimpanzees living in the forests of West Africa. An adult chimpanzee in the wild would pick up a rock, throw it at a tree while shouting, and then run away. Researchers aren’t certain why the chimpanzees fling the rocks, but they have discovered that they seem to prefer trees that create longer-lasting, more resonant* sounds when struck.
A team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, first discovered this behavior three years ago. Because the actions appeared to be localised, the researchers suggested the purpose was a local tradition and was likely to be part of some sort of ritual*. But they weren’t sure what purpose the ritual served. So the group designed more experiments to find out why the chimpanzees were so interested in throwing rocks at trees. This time around, they went to the same areas but set up microphones to get the sounds of stones as they were thrown. While waiting for the chimps to fling the rocks, the researchers threw stones at 13 different kinds of trees in various situations.
“It was quite fun, I have to say,” expert Ammie Kalan tells Science. Researchers analysed all the recordings and found that the chimpanzees seemed to prefer throwing rocks at trees that made lower, longer-lasting sound. Often these were trees that had bared roots*.
In their findings, published in Biology Letters, the researchers write that “low-frequency sounds travel further in the environment and are better suited to long-distance communication.” In addition, more resonant sounds last longer in the environment. But if chimpanzees were looking to communicate, it would be more effective for them to drum on the trees or choose the ones that made the loudest noises when struck.
The researchers found that chimpanzees stick to the same trees and never choose new ones and that location could be a factor. Kalan tells Science that maybe the locations of the trees have something to do with nearby resources like food and water, and the sound is a signal to others about where to find them.
1. What may the underlined word “fling” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．beat | B．store | C．collect | D．throw |
| A．studying the sounds made by chimpanzees |
| B．analysing different sounds from various trees |
| C．exploring the features of trees chosen by chimpanzees |
| D．measuring the lasting time of sounds made by chimpanzees |
| A．To improve the way to communicate. |
| B．To tell others where the resources are. |
| C．To be familiar with the local environment. |
| D．To attract their partners nearby to get together. |
| A．the research of chimpanzees’ unusual behavior |
| B．the way to discover how chimpanzees find the trees they need |
| C．the meaning of finding out how chimpanzees look for resources |
| D．the experiments to study chimpanzees’ actions around the trees |
HOW TO WEAR A MEDICAL MASK SAFELY
This information describes the correct steps to follow to wear a medical mask. It also lists what you should avoid when putting on and taking off a mask.
Wash your hands before using the mask.
Check the mask and make sure it unbroken.
Find the topside where the metal piece is before wearing.
While wearing, place the metal piece over your nose.
Cover your mouth, nose and chin.
Press the mask to your face without leaving space on the sides.
Take off the mask from behind the ears or head.
Throw away the mask immediately into a closed-bin after use.
Wash your hands after throwing away the used mask.
Do not use a broken mask.
Ensure the colored side outward.
Do not pull off the mask while talking to others.
Avoid touching the mask while wearing it.
Do not leave your used within the reach of others.
Do not re-use the mask.
Masks alone cannot protect you from CODIV-19. Keep at least 1 meter distance from others and wash your hands frequently and completely even while wearing a mask.
1. How many steps do we have to do before wearing a mask?| A．Fifteen. | B．Nine. | C．Six. | D．Three. |
| A．it’s OK to touch the mask while wearing it |
| B．we’d better wash our hands as often as possible |
| C．people who wear masks correctly won’t get COVID-19 |
| D．1 meter isn’t a safe distance to stay away from others |
| A．magazine | B．guidebook | C．website | D．newspaper |
In 366, a monk named Lezun passed by some mountains in Dunhuang, Gansu. Showering in the sun’s golden rays, Lezun “saw” a thousand Buddhas in the air. Inspired by this, Lezun started building grottoes along the cliffs. Later, other people continued his work for the next 1,000 years. This is how the world-famous Mogao Grottoes came into being.
The grottoes contain more than 2,000 sculptures and 45,000 square meters of murals in 735 caves. The sculptures and murals show how ancient people farmed, ate, and even fought. They contain elements of Chinese, Central Asian and Indian cultures. About 60,000 ancient documents were discovered in one cave, teaching us even more about Buddhism and the lives of ancient people.
However, since the mid-16th century, the grottoes have suffered from natural erosion and human activity. In 1944, the Dunhuang Academy was set up to protect and study the grottoes and their culture. For example, the academy has protected the caves by planting trees. Because of the trees, the damage caused by the spring sandstorms is not as serious as it used to be. The academy has also developed a monitoring system to keep an eye on the caves.
The academy has been digitally keeping the grottoes’ paintings and sculptures since the 1990s. Over 200 of the 492 caves have been kept in this way. Virtual tours of the caves allow people to see these works of art online. Videos, cartoons, and interactive games are also used to give people a taste of Dunhuang culture. A national lab will be set up by the academy to further research the grottoes. A virtual reality tour system is planned to be started around June.
1. There are ________ in Mogao Grottoes.| A．735 caves | B．1,000 sculptures | C．2,000 documents | D．45,000 murals |
| A．contain a thousand Buddhas | B．mix Chinese and foreign cultures |
| C．show the lives of modern people | D．were accidentally discovered by Lezun |
| A．Spring sandstorms there will be stopped by trees. |
| B．A monitoring system will be developed for the grottoes. |
| C．The Dunhuang Academy will study the grottoes further. |
| D．People will have no choice but to tour Mogao Grottoes online. |
| A．A True Story about Lezun |
| B．Time to Protect Mogao Grottoes |
| C．A New Way to Tour Mogao Grottoes |
| D．The Past and Present of Mogao Grottoes |
The way a person’s eyes move can show whether or not the person recognizes someone else— even if he tries to hide it. That is what a team of international researchers reported recently.
Our eyes look at a familiar face differently than they do an Eye Movement unfamiliar one. When people look at unfamiliar faces, their eyes usually move quickly from one feature— like the shape of the nose—to other features. Their eyes move and stop very often as they try to identify the unknown person. However, when looking at a familiar face, people usually pay attention to just a few features.
The researchers wanted to know if people could control their eye movements when trying to hide the fact that they recognized a face. Millen, a psychology researcher at the University of Stirling in Britain, led the team to carry out the study. Millen said humans could recognize a familiar face quickly.
The researchers showed 48 students pictures of both strangers and professors they knew. They asked all the students to try to appear honest but lie about recognizing familiar faces. Half of the test students were told about a method that might help them hide their recognition. The researchers told those students to stop in the same areas when looking at both familiar and unfamiliar faces. Their eyes would start on the person’s forehead. Next, they looked at each eye, then down to ears, the nose, mouth and chin.
Millen said that hiding recognition of a face is actually arduons, especially if you know that person well. She added the more the students tried to hide recognition of a face, the more obvious it was. It turns out that most students who were given suggestions for how to hide their recognition were not able to do so. When looking at a familiar face, their eyes still stopped for longer periods of time and had fewer stops in the face.
Millen hopes that her findings can someday be used in law enforcement. She believes such knowledge could help police officers have a clearer understanding of who is connected to whom in a criminal case.
1. While looking at unfamiliar faces, our eyes usually ________.| A．move at a very low speed | B．hide their movements secretly |
| C．pay special attention to the noses | D．view many different facial features |
| A．what researchers found in the study | B．how researchers did the experiment |
| C．why researchers studied eye movements | D．what researchers could do with the findings |
| A．natural | B．important | C．difficult | D．necessary |
| A．They may show the need of developing new laws. |
| B．They may help find out the truth in a criminal case. |
| C．They may guide the students to learn from the police. |
| D．They may make people get to know strangers quickly. |
6 . Many children’s hospitals already have storytelling programmes that aim to cheer up patients. However, this research, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests that it also has physiological benefits.
“Until now, the positive evidence for storytelling was based on ‘common sense’ and it can help children reduce psychological suffering,” said Dr Jorge Moll, of D’Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Brazil, “But there was not enough scientific evidence.”
The team, from IDOR and the Federal University of ABC, Brazil, studied 81 children between the ages of 2 and 7, all of whom were in the health care unit at Luiz Jabaquara Hospital in Sao Paulo. They were divided into two groups. One group of 41 children each had a 25-30 minute session with a storyteller, however, the control group had the same amount of time with the same professionals who told riddles instead.
Before and after the sessions, the team took saliva samples from each child and checked their pain level. The saliva samples allowed the researchers to measure levels of the hormones cortisol—which is related to stress.
Both groups of children benefited from the interventions: they all had less cortisol in their saliva, suggesting they were less stressed, and they reported less pain and discomfort. However, the results were twice as strong for the storytelling group than the control group.
The team reported that while children from the control group responded to the image of a hospital with “this is the place that people go when they are sick”, the storytelling group responded with “this is the place that people go to get better”. Similarly, children from the control group said “this is the bad woman who comes to give me an injection” in response to a doctor or nurse, while the storytelling group said “this is the woman ”.
“As it is a low-cost and highly safe intervention, I consider this study to be one of the most important I have participated in.” said Moll.
1. In the research, how many children are there in the control group?| A．81. | B．41. | C．40. | D．30. |
| A．Researchers played some light music to the children of the control group. |
| B．Researchers noticed less cortisol in the storytelling group than the control group. |
| C．Researchers discovered only the storytelling group benefited from the interventions. |
| D．Researchers found the control group had as much pressure as the storytelling group. |
| A．who tell me stories | B．who gives me medicine |
| C．who works in a hospital | D．who comes to help me |
| A．Storytelling reduces children’s pain and stress in hospital. |
| B．We need better doctors and nurses in children’s hospitals. |
| C．The children who are good at telling stories feel less pain. |
| D．Storytelling and riddles are important for children’s education. |
Today, people who need heart transplants must wait and hope to receive a donation. Even if they survive the wait, they might experience organ rejection and die. But this problem could be solved soon.
In 2019, scientists from Israel’s Tel Aviv University announced that they had created a human heart using 3-D printing. “This is the first time anyone anywhere has successfully printed the whole heart,” scientist Tal Dvir told Ha’aretz.
The heart has cells, blood vessels, ventricles and chambers, just like a real heart. But scientists still have more to figure out before they can start using the heart. For one thing, the new experimental organ is tiny—about half the size of your thumb. It also can’t pump blood yet. It’s like a tiny airplane that has all of the right parts, but can’t fly.
Don’t laugh! This is still a major achievement. The World Health Organization (WHO) says more people die each year from heart diseases than any other cause of death.
Dvir and his team used a complicated process, turning human fat tissue into human heart tissue with stem cell technology. The tissue was then turned into “bio-ink” for the 3-D printer. It’s not really easy.
Ideally, each printed heart would use tissue taken from the person who needs it. This way, the patients’ bodies will be less likely to reject the organ, making transplants much safer. In theory, the way could be used to produce a new heart in just one day.
The team’s next step is to develop the technology further and use it to print other human organs. “Maybe, in 10 years, there will be organ printers in the finest hospitals around the world and these procedures will be carried out regularly,” Dvir said
1. What do we know about the 3-D printed heart?| A．It looks like a tiny airplane. |
| B．It doesn’t have blood vessels. |
| C．It is the same size as a real heart. |
| D．It can’t work like a real heart yet. |
| A．Because it was produced through a complicated process. |
| B．Because it offers some hope to people with heart diseases. |
| C．Because it proved that printing human organs is impossible. |
| D．Because it is the first time that scientists have tried to print a heart. |
| A．simple | B．long | C．different | D．difficult |
| A．They will start to print hearts for transplanters. |
| B．They will improve their technology for wider uses. |
| C．They will try to shorten the time it takes to print a heart. |
| D．They will work with hospitals to develop organ printers. |
8 . People know the dangers of fires. It’s good for a family to know some knowledge about fire prevention. Here are some suggestions.
 Put a smoke alarm in the house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go off. The alarm makes a loud sound. The sound tells everyone to leave the house at once. |
 Buy fire extinguishers and put them in the house. Everyone in the family should know how to use them. |
 Make escape plans. They should know all the ways out of the house. If there is a fire, everyone follows the plan to get out. Part of the plan is to check all the windows to make sure they can be opened easily. |
 Practice for a fire. They do fire practice because they teach children about fire safety. Everyone in the family should know the following fire rules: ·Don’t open a hot door! The fire can get bigger if you open the door. ·Stay close to the floor! Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best air is near the floor because smoke rises. ·What will you do if your hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don’t run! The fire burns faster because of more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll! Turning over and over will make the fire go out. Put a blanket around you to put out any flames still burning on you. The blanket stops air feeding the fire. |
| A．Make family rules for children. | B．Develop some plans to escape. |
| C．Know how to buy the smoke alarm. | D．Use electrical cookers to make food. |
| A．the fire will grow more quickly | B．the electricity will be cut off |
| C．the door will soon be on fire | D．the house will fall down |
| A．Stop, run, roll | B．Stop, drop, roll | C．Run, drop, roll | D．Roll, drop, stop |
9 . In English, the given names come first and the family names come last. Family names are also called last names. Westerners get their family names in different ways.
Some family names such as Smith, Cook and Taylor are all about a person’s job. For example, John Smith, here “Smith” means the name of a job as well as Cook, Miller and Fisher. Some westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does a famous American writer Jack London.
Some family names are from colors. For example, the family names Black means “布莱克” and White means “怀特”. Larry Brown—a famous basketball player in America also gets his family name from colors. Other family names are from the name of a parent. For example, “David’s son” becomes Davidson, and “Peter’s son” becomes Peterson. What does your last name mean? Let’s find more on the Internet.
1. What is the family name “Smith” about in the passage?A．A place name.  | B．A color. | C．A job. | D．A name of a parent. |
A．New York.  | B．Sydney. | C．Paris. | D．London. |
| A．布朗 | B．布莱克 | C．怀特 | D．格林 |
| A．Three. | B．Four. | C．Five. | D．Two. |
A．Family members.  | B．Family names. | C．Colors and jobs. | D．Friends. |
10 . With labels such as “zero sugar, zero fat, zero calories'', diet drinks have been placed in places that are easily seen on supermarket shelves. But how do these drinks taste sweet without sugar?
One of China’s most popular drink brands, Genki Forest, apologized on April 10 for deceptively* advertising its products as having no sugar. In a statement, the fast-growing company said that the difference between “sugar-free” and “sucrose-free” was not well explained in the product advertising and packaging, leading to a “misunderstanding”.
Now the company has changed the words from “sugar-free” to “low sugar” on the bottles. But many internet users don’t buy the apology and feel like they’ve been tricked into gaining weight. The event has pushed “sugar-free” drinks to consumers’ attention.
In fact, there are many kinds of sugar. Sucrose is just one of them. Other kinds of sugar, such as fructose and sugar alcohol, are still in Genki Forest drinks. These types of sugars are used as sweeteners*. They offer little energy, but a small amount of them can make drinks taste sweet. That’s why diet drinks like Genki Forest are popular among people who want to lose weight.
However, these sweeteners might make people eat more. When you eat sweet-tasting things, it sends your brain a “sweet signal", which then tells your body to prepare itself to take in energy. But because diet soft drinks have little energy, the brain will not receive what it is expecting. In this situation, you will feel hungry and start eating more food to get energy, according to Chen Wei, chief physician of Clinical Nutrition Department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
According to China Daily, drinking too many diet drinks might lead to obesity*. “Compared with sugar-sweetened drinks, low-sugar drinks are helpful for preventing obesity, but compared with water, low-sugar drinks are not that healthy,” Chen told The Paper.
1. What did Genki Forest lately apologize for?| A．For the bad taste of its products. |
| B．For having too much sugar in its drinks. |
| C．For the misspelling on its packaging. |
| D．For its misleading in advertisements. |
| A．Its drinks have high levels of sucrose. |
| B．Its drinks taste sweeter than other drinks. |
| C．There are sweeteners in its drinks. |
| D．People can lose weight by drinking its drinks. |
| A．They stop the brain from receiving signals. |
| B．They are likely to make people feel hungry. |
| C．They can change peopled taste for food. |
| D．They help the body take in more sugar. |
| A．To introduce Genki Forest for its “sugar-free” drinks. |
| B．To advise readers not to buy diet drinks. |
| C．To compare diet soft drinks with other drinks. |
| D．To explain why drinking too many diet drinks is unhealthy. |
