1 .

In my opinion, the wheel is the most important thing that human beings have ever invented. It might seem strange to say that something so simple-looking and so ordinary (普通的) could be so important. But if you consider the following points, you will probably agree with me.

Firstly, wheels influence almost every part of our lives. Wheels are used, for example, in clocks, engines (发动机) and trucks. If you visit just one factory, you will see how important wheels are. You will see wheels on almost every machine.

Secondly, wheels play a great part in food production. Wheels are used to grind (磨碎) different kinds of corn into flour (面粉). They are then used to mix flour and other foods into bread. We also need wheels to transport the wheat. If we did not have the wheel, we would have much difficulty in food production.

Thirdly, our world would be completely different if we did not have the wheel for transport. Before the wheel was invented, people used to have to travel on foot or by riding on an animal. That is what we would be doing now if we did not have the wheel. Everything would take longer to do.

We would be back to the Stone Age if some of our clever ancestors (祖先) had not invented the wheel. Our modern world would simply be impossible. The wheel is surely the most important invention of all time.

1. How does the writer start the passage?

A．By telling a story.

B．By making a report.

C．By giving an opinion.

D．By offering a suggestion.

2. Which of the following is the most important in a factory?

A．The clock.

B．The truck.

C．The engine.

D．The wheel.

3. How many uses of wheels are mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

4. According to the passage, what was life like before wheels were invented?

A．Safe.

B．Busy.

C．Slow.

D．Dangerous.

5. Which of the following best show the structure of the passage?
(P1=Paragraph 1 P2=Paragraph 2 P3=Paragraph 3 P4=Paragraph 4 P5=Paragraph 5)

A．

B．

C．

D．

2 . A Survey About Three-child Policy

Li Qiang (age: 27) I drive a bus in Wuhan. Though I like children, it’s hard for me to afford the cost of raising three children. One child will feel lonely. I would like to have two children. Two kids can help each other and share the happiness and sadness. They won’t feel lonely. They can help each other and share the happiness and sadness.

Liu Mei (age: 13) I’m a middle school student from Nanjing. I don’t want my parents to have another child. If they have another child, they will pay more attention to him. I think I can’t get on well with him.

Grandma Li (age: 68) I live with my third son, but the other three children often come to visit me and take care of me. I want all my children to have a third child each. After the third baby grows up, he’ll be able to look after his old parents together with his elder brothers or sisters.

Wang Yun (age: 30) Hello, my husband and I are both doctors. We have a 3-year-old daughter named Anne. We don’t want a second child. We have no time and energy to care for another child because of our busy work.

1. How many children would Li Qiang like to have?

A．None.

B．One.

C．Two.

D．Three.

2. Which isTRUEabout Liu Mei?

A．She is fourteen years old.	B．She is a student from Nanjing.
C．She wants a little brother or sister.	D．Her parents don’t want another child.

3. Grandma Li ________.

A．lives alone	B．used to be a doctor
C．is sixty-six years old	D．supports three-child policy

4. Wang Yun refuses a second child because ________.

A．she is too busy to raise another child

B．her husband doesn’t like another child at all

C．she thinks raising two children costs too much

D．Anne doesn’t like to have a little brother or sister

5. Which is NOT mentioned (提及) in the passage?

A．Grandma Li has four children.	B．Li Qiang drives a bus in Wuhan.
C．Liu Mei studies in a middle school.	D．Wang Yun and her husband are in the same hospital.

3 . In the USA, a question is asked millions of times every day in the supermarket: “Paper or plastic?” Well, which kind of bag would you choose?

In fact, all kinds of bags have some influence on the environment. But we are always told that paper bags are better. For example, they break down easily and can be recycled. However, making paper bags takes more energy than making plastic bags. How can this be true?

Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make paper bags is twenty times higher. And the influence on forests is more serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags. As for recycling, some people believe that paper bags more environment-friendly than plastic ones. However, this idea can be quickly discarded. Research shows the opposite is true.

Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, people have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.

It seems wise to reuse these bags. However, we’re not doing that a lot. That may be because they are easily broken. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what should we do? How should we answer the question of “Paper or plastic?” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves the following question: “What can I do to help the environment?”

1. The question in Paragraph 1 is used to ________.

A．tell reader how to shop	B．explain the writer’s problem
C．show what will be discussed in the passage	D．show the hard work in the supermarket

2. Compare with plastic bags, paper bags ________.

A．need less water to produce	B．recycle less energy to recycle
C．have a worse influence on forests	D．take more time to break down

3. What does the underline word discarded in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese?

A．分享

B．抛弃

C．讨论

D．提出

4. Ireland has cut down the use of plastic bags by ________.

A．letting people pay for them	B．not allowing people to use them
C．providing people with paper bags	D．not providing them in the supermarkets

5. Which question does the writer probably want to hear in the supermarket?

A．Paper or cloth?	B．Paper or plastic?
C．A small bag or a big one?	D．A new bag or your own one?

5 .

All the family love you very much and pay most attention to you because you are the only child in your family. But what will happen if you have a brother or a sister? How will things be different? From October, 2015, one couple can have two children in China.

Soon you may have a brother or a sister. You can play with him or her. You can talk about a lot of things with them and tell your secrets to them. You may even take care of each other. But there could be hard time, too. You may fight and pull each other’s hair. You may compete for your parents’ attention, food, the bathroom and even TV. So life with a brother or a sister will be unpredictable(不可预料的).

A birth order can make a difference. The US psychologist(心理学家), Kevin Leman says birth order help develop children’s personalities(性格). According to Leman, parents are usually nervous and strict with their first child. They always set high goals for children. So the eldest child in a family is wanted to be perfect.

But parents are much more relaxed about the late-born kids. So the younger children have fewer rules. Therefore, they are often more creative. They also try to be funny, so they can get attention from their parents.

1. When can one couple have a second child?

A．From September, 2014.	B．From October, 2014.
C．From September, 2015.	D．From October, 2015.

2. What won’t you do with him or her if you have a brother or a sister according to the passage?

A．To share a bathroom.	B．To take care of each other.
C．To fight with each other.	D．To talk about a lot of things.

3. What does the underlined phrase compete for probably mean in Paragraph 2?

A．吸引

B．吵闹

C．争夺

D．要求

4. What can help develop children’s personalities?

A．A brother.

B．A sister.

C．A birth order.

D．Parents’ attention.

5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．The eldest child in a family must be perfect.

B．The younger child in a family may be more creative.

C．Life with a brother or a sister will be terrible.

D．Parents are usually strict with their second child.

6 . 阅读下面材料，从每题所给的选项（A、B、 C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

All over the world, thousands of animals are used for wildlife tourism. People travel to watch monkey shows, hug baby tigers and swim with dolphins. It might look like fun, but there are reports that animals are hurt now and again. The World Animal Protection (WAP) says that up to 550,000 wild animals are exposed (暴露) to ill treatment around the world; in Cambodia, for example, it’s been reported that elephants have died after carrying tourists for long in hot weather. This is getting attention—over 100 travel companies have promised that they will no longer open up such places. However, some people argue that animal tourism isn’t always as bad as it seems. So what do you think?

Group Yes	Group No
●Animals weren’t put on this planet for enjoyment. They should be free to live as they choose. ●The way animals are treated is often cruel and causes much pain. Even if treated well, they can’t act in the same way as they would in the wild. ●We don’t need wildlife tourism. We can see animals close up in their natural home in TV programs. There’s no need to disturb (打扰) them in real life.	●It is enjoyable and educational for people to communicate with the wonderful animals. The more people know about them, the more they want to protect them. ●Wildlife tourism brings money to poor area and may be the only way for some people to make a living. ●Not all animals are treated badly. Some endangered animals are under the protection of programs that look after rare species (稀有物种).

1. How many wild animals are facing bad treatment according to WAP?

A．More than 100.

B．Hundreds.

C．Thousands.

D．About 550,000.

2. The underlined words “such places” refer to (指) the places for ________.

A．foreign travelers

B．sick elephants

C．wildlife protection

D．animal tourism

3. What opinion do the two groups have in common?

A．Animals can live wherever they like.	B．Wildlife should be protected.
C．Animal tourism supports poor people.	D．Wildlife is well looked after.

4. “Group Yes” suggests that people should not disturb animals ________.

A．in Cambodia

B．in travel companies

C．in real life

D．in poor areas

5. What is the text mainly about?

A．Ways of protecting rare species.	B．Different opinions on wildlife tourism.
C．How to bring tourists enjoyment.	D．Whether to collect information on wildlife.

7 . When an Italian man went to work with a mask (口罩) to protect himself from the COVID-19, he was criticized (批评) by his workmates for causing panic (恐慌). But in China and other Asian countries, almost everyone wears a mask during outbreaks (爆发). Why do the East and the West have different ideas about wearing masks?

In the West, people wear masks only when they get sick. People see masks as a tool to protect sick people and stop disease (疾病) from spreading, so healthy people don’t need to wear them. If a person goes out with a mask, other people may look at him like a virus (病毒) spreader. Even their friends tried to stay away from them. Some Western people say wearing a mask in public makes them feel “worried”, “shy”, and “afraid of being looked at differently”. But as the number of COVID-19 cases (病例) keeps growing around the world, more and more healthy people are starting to wear masks to protect themselves, people in the West are changing their ideas.

In Asian countries like China and Japan, wearing masks is common. In 1910, Chinese doctor Wu Liande invented the modern medical mask. During the 2003 SARS, people used masks widely in China and East Asia. Many Chinese also wear masks to keep warm in winter or protect against air pollution.

In Japan, some young women may wear masks when they don’t have their makeup (化妆) on. Many pop stars in Asia also wear masks to protect their privacy (隐私) when they go out. This cultural background has made it easier for people in the East to wear masks during the COVID-19 outbreak.

1. How did the Italian man’s workmates feel about him?

A．He caused panic.	B．He was too worried to work.
C．He didn’t want to go to work.	D．He wanted to protect himself.

2. Why do Western people refuse to wear masks?

A．Because they are afraid to look ugly with face masks.

B．Because they don’t want others to know they are ill.

C．Because they hope to comfort other people in this way.

D．Because they don’t think healthy people need masks.

3. Where was the modern medical mask invented?

A．In England.

B．In China.

C．In Japan.

D．In the USA.

4. Which of the following is Not TRUE according to the passage?

A．Asian people wear masks to protect their privacy.

B．Asian people wear masks to protect against air pollution.

C．Asian people wear masks to stop disease from spreading.

D．Asian people wear masks to make them look fashionable (时尚的).

5. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Western people’s trouble of wearing masks.

B．The reasons why masks are popular in Asian culture.

C．Different ideas of using masks in Eastern and Western countries.

D．The importance of wearing masks during the COVID-19 outbreak.

8 . Do you know which social app is popular with Chinese young people now? “Short videos” are certainly the most popular. A large number of young people use Tik Tok(抖音) and Kuaishou. They think it is fun to share their lives by short videos, while others have other purposes as well.

A 12-year-old user named Elsa has about 2.7 million fans on Tik Tok. The girl has shared her dancing studies on Tik Tok since last July. One of the videos won her about one million fans. “I feel really glad to share happiness with people by short videos,” said Elsa.

To some other young people, they use short videos to have a quick look at the hot programs. “Because I don’t like to spend many hours watching a whole program, I hate waiting for a program to end, and I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts of hot programs,” said Wang Zhihao.

However, some young people feel bored with short videos. “Killing time is the main reason for me to watch short videos, and many short videos are almost the same, so I think they are not so useful or interesting. What’s more, I really don’t like the videos about strange and dangerous things,” said Wen Nan, another college student.

Recently, something else has appeared. Some videos are telling people what commodities are worth buying. Some short videos even sell bad commodities, and it’s hard for customers to get their money back. So we should think twice before we want to buy the commodities by short videos.

1. Why does Elsa share her short videos?

A．To share joy with people.	B．To make friends with people around.
C．To depend on them to get information.	D．To watch wonderful parts in programs.

2. What kind of short videos does Wang Zhihao prefer?

A．Short videos of strange and dangerous things.

B．Short videos of science programs.

C．Short videos of wonderful parts of hot programs.

D．Short videos of people’s life in different countries.

3. How does Wen Nan like short videos?

A．Useful and interesting.	B．Not exciting or moving.
C．Not useful or interesting.	D．Exciting and moving.

4. The underlined word “commodities” in the last paragraph means ________.

A．products

B．projects

C．planets

D．programs

5. What is the passage mainly about?

A．The advantages of short videos.	B．Different types of short videos.
C．The disadvantages of short videos.	D．Different opinions on short videos.

9 . If you go shopping in any toy store, you can see the different games and toys for boys and girls: there are a lot of pink toys on one side of the store for girls; and dark colored cars, guns, and soldiers for boys.

Sue Palmer, writer of Toxic Childhood, is very worried that most girls over the age of three are crazy about the color. According to some scientists, this happens for two reasons. Firstly, there are too many products in pink in the market. Also, many parents think their little daughter looks cute in pink. Sue Palmer says that girls at this age cannot make right decisions by themselves, but the pink can affect the choices and the decisions they will make in the future.

Vanessa Holburn is a mother of two girls who are under the age of four. Their bedrooms are a sea of pink and Vanessa is not happy. “Pink says that you are soft and gentle. Blue says that you are strong. I want my daughters to be strong. I’m worried that pink will not help them with that,” she says.

But not everyone thinks there’s something wrong with pink. Grayson Turner is a father of three girls and he isn’t worried at all. “People forget that things change all the time,” he says. “My girls used to love pink when they were little, but as they get older, they change.” Turner says that his twelve-year-old daughter never wears pink clothes any more. “This love of pink is just a fashion and all fashions change,” he adds.

1. Which of the following best shows the structure(结构) of the text?

A．

B．

C．

D．

2. Parents choose pink clothes for their little daughter because ________.

A．their daughter loves pink clothes	B．there are too many pink clothes in the market
C．they think their daughter looks cute in pink	D．their daughter can not make right decisions by herself

3. Vanessa Holburn would like her daughters to be ________.

A．cute

B．soft

C．polite

D．strong

4. According to Grayson Turner, ________.

A．parents needn’t worry about pink toys	B．all little kids love the color pink
C．pink has always been a color for girls	D．his girls now prefer the color pink

5. The purpose of this text is to ________.

A．show why girls are crazy about the color pink	B．make parents less worried about the color pink
C．encourage girls to give up playing with pink toys	D．show people’s different opinions about the color pink

10 . In July, China introduced the “double reduction (双减)” policy. It hopes to reduce schoolwork burden(负担)on primary and junior high school students. The policy calls for reducing homework and after-school classes. According to the policy, children below the third grade will not have homework anymore. It should take no more than 90 minutes for junior high school students to finish their homework. After-school training institutions(校外培训机构)are not allowed to offer extra education courses or advanced(超前的)teaching on weekends, holidays or during winter and summer vacations. One month has passed since the new semester began. How do students feel about this new policy?

“Our homework is clearly less than before,” said 13-year-old Shen Yuzhe from Beijing. “We are not encouraged to buy workbooks anymore. The exercises are mainly from the textbook.”

According to Shen, students have enough time to process new knowledge now. “Our teachers are also giving us more chances to do experiments and learn from real life,” said Shen. “For example, we went to research earthworms(蚯蚓)in a field during a biology class. This is a much better way to learn things than just hitting the books.”

For 13-year-old Zhang Hangming from Tianjin, the best thing about “double reduction” is the increased time in after-school activities. “We can now spend more time taking part in clubs and activities, such as dancing, volleyball and drama. I have joined a group called “leadership development” where I can learn all kinds of skills beyond schoolwork,” said Zhang.

Both Shen and Zhang find there are fewer exams now. But they think it’s not necessarily a good thing. “Exams push me to study harder. Each exam shows my progress as well as my weak points,” Zhang said.

Shen also pointed out that when burden is lightened, self-discipline(自律) becomes the key. “Some students now spend more time having fun when homework is finished early. But if you use all the free time to relax, you might fall behind other students,” he said. “

1. The “double reduction(双减)” policy aims to ________.

A．make vacations longer for students	B．reduce the pressure put on teachers
C．reduce students’ schoolwork burden	D．help students become more competitive

2. Which of the following is TRUE about the policy?

A．Homework is not allowed for primary students.

B．Junior high schools should reduce their homework.

C．All after-school training institutions are asked to close.

D．After-school training institutions should offer advanced teaching.

3. According to the “double reduction(双减)” policy, what kind of after-school classes CANNOT students take during vacations?

A．Sports.

B．Math.

C．Public speaking.

D．Computer programming.

4. Which of the following is NOT true about Shen Yuzhe and Zhang Hangming?

A．They have less homework and fewer exams now.

B．They can spend more time in after-school activities.

C．They think the best thing is to have fewer exams now.

D．They have more chances to learn knowledge from real life.

5. What do Shen and Zhang mainly want to tell us in the last two paragraphs?

A．Students should learn to be self-discipline.

B．Students should use all the free time to relax.

C．Exams aren’t necessary because they only show students’ weak points.

D．Students should spend more time having fun after finishing homework.