1 . Sign language is a kind of body language. Body language includes eye contact, walking postures, standing postures and gestures. Body language can express all kinds of thoughts and feelings. Different cultures have different body language. Here are some common gestures in different cultures.
In China, a thumb-up sign is used to praise someone for being “good”, “great” and “smart”. In America, a thumb-up sign means “It’s good” or “It’s OK” while a thumb-down sign means the opposite (相反的). But in some countries, there are other meanings. For example, in Japan, that also means “man”, “your father” and “the highest”. In South Korea, it also means “the chief”, “one’s own father”, “minister” and “captain”. In Australia, the United States, Mexico and other countries, it means “the fate of prayer (祈祷的命运)”. As for French people and Indians, this gesture can be used when asking for a ride.
Point with your forefinger (食指). It is very impolite in Europe and America. British and American people make a circle with the thumb and forefinger and the other three fingers keep straight, which means “Excellent”.
Put out your forefinger. In the United States, it’s used to ask someone to wait; French people ask for an answer by using this gesture; In Myanmar, it means “please”; In Singapore, it shows something or someone is the most important.
Hold out your forefinger and middle finger and make the V word. “V” is the first letter of victory (胜利), so it means “victory” in Britain, France and other countries. But in Serbia, the gesture stands for “heroism” and in the Netherlands, it stands for “freedom”.
Besides, the “OK” sign means “money” in Japan while it means bad behavior in Latin America.
1. What does the underlined word “that” refer to?| A．The thumb-down sign. | B．The thumb-up sign. |
| C．The hand-up sign. | D．The hand-down sign. |
| A．The thumb-down sign may mean “It’s bad” or “l don’t agree” in America. |
| B．People will be unhappy if you point with your forefinger in America. |
| C．People in Singapore usually put out their forefingers to show “please”. |
| D．The “OK” sign in Latin America has a different meaning from Japan. |
| A．①② / ③④⑤⑥ | B．① / ②③/④⑤⑥ | C．① / ②③④⑤⑥ | D．① / ②③④⑤ / ⑥ |
| A．Different meanings of sign languages. | B．Sign languages in western countries. |
| C．Different countries have different cultures. | D．Body language in world is all different. |
The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. In China, the 24 solar terms were created thousands of years ago to guide agricultural（农业的）production. But solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives through cultural activities and special foods that go with each term.
Great Heat, the 12th solar term of the year, begins this year on July 22 and ends on August 6. During Great Heat, most parts of China enter the hottest season of the year. Here is something you should know about Great Heat.
Great Heat is a season of harvesting（收割）. During this time, the sunshine, high temperatures, and heavy rainfall are good for the plants. But many natural disasters also happen. So, it's important to harvest and plant in time.
Sending the Great Heat ship is a tradition in Taizhou. The ship is full of all kinds of meat. More than 50 fishermen take turns carrying the ship as they walk through the streets. The ship will finally be pulled out of the port and burned at sea. People believe that is a symbol of good harvests and health.
Great Heat is a season with most crickets（蟋蟀）in the countryside. Cricket fighting is popular game for some people in China during this period. The custom dates back over 1,000 years ago.
People in different places enjoy different food. For example, in southern Shandong, people would like to drink mutton soup. Grass jelly is very popular in Guangdong because there is a saying “Eating grass jelly in Great Heat will make you stay young.”
1. Ancient Chinese people created 24 solar terms to ________.| A．keep a healthy life | B．serve different food | C．help farming |
| A．6 | B．16 | C．22 |
| A．just for fun | B．to get exercise | C．with good wishes |
| A．Great Heat is an important time to harvest and plant |
| B．cricket fighting games are getting popular in China now |
| C．people in Guangdong enjoy mutton soup during Great Heat |
A． | B． | C． |
3 . Most of us don't like about food until we start feeling hungry, but eating important in life. To talk about food and eating is to talk about one of the most common subjects we know. Eating is just like breathing or sleeping, so every day, so ordinary, it does not receive much notice.
However, what, where, when, how, and with whom we eat say a great deal about who we are. Do you use chopsticks? Do you hold the knife backward? Do you chew with your mouth open? All these eating habits say something about you. They are messages even when we are not trying to say anything. Food and the ways we eat it, like clothes and the way we wear them, tell who and what we are.
We learn our eating habits very early in life. We usually have strong feeling about our childhood foods. Foods we learn to like our early years probably have a special meaning for us forever because they are connected to people and things we love. Mom's cheers or the way Dad cuts the bread crusts just right bringing up feelings of love and comfort.
People use food and eating to mark the seasons and the important moments in life （such as growing up and getting married）, or to honor gods, and to say something about themselves. People will eat different foods for different holidays. Sometimes people ever explain why they eat certain things on certain days. Americans do that sort of explaining at Thanksgiving. They eat Turkey, corn, and Indian pudding because their ancestors（祖先）ate them at the first Thanksgiving. Those foods mean something to Americans.
As you can see, food and eating mark people's shared experiences, but they can also mark the differences. In the sense, we truly are what we eat.
1. You can probably read the article from a magazine about _______________.| A．traveling | B．food and culture |
| C．clothes and fashion | D．sports |
| A．Because the foods may connect to the beloved people or things. |
| B．Because most of the people like eating cheese and bread. |
| C．Because the cheese made by Mom and Dad tastes delicious. |
| D．Because people learn the eating habits very early. |
A． | B． | C． | D． |
| A．We need to eat healthy food to keep fit. | B．The way we eat tells a lot about us. |
| C．We eat some special food on special days. | D．It's the food that makes us different. |
4 . When your pen is broken, the battery(电池)in your toy runs out, or you have some leftover(吃剩的)food， what do you do with these things? You will probably throw them all into one bin. But actually, all kinds of rubbish need to be sorted(分类) separately.
Rubbish sorting is a big issue (议题)worldwide. In recent years, some Chinese cities have been working hard on it, Shanghai has worked with Alipay to create a“green account(账户)” service for its residents(居民). Account holders get points by sorting their rubbish correctly. Through the Alipay app, they ran exchange the points for milk, phone cards and other products . The city is asking all of its residents to sort their rubbish into four groups: wet, recyclable, harmful and dry. Wet waste is also known as household waste. Paper, metal and glass are recyclable waste. Medicine and batteries are harmful waste. Finally, any waste that's not wet, recyclable or harmful will go in the "dry waste" bin. Many other Chinese cities are also doing this. Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish into the same four groups since 2012. Students there must study waste-sorting guidebooks.
If you don’t sort your rubbish， it will go to a landfill(垃圾填埋场) and be buried together. These landfills can take up large areas of ground. Some rubbish can pollute the soil and groundwater and it can also do harm to the environment around us. China is improving its waste-sorting efforts. There is still a long way to go.
1. How should we deal with all kinds of rubbish?| A．We can throw them all into one bin |
| B．We can sort them separately. |
| C．We can throw them away freely. |
| D．We can reuse them all |
| A．By creating a "green account" service with the help of Alipay. |
| B．By paying people to sort their rubbish correctly. |
| C．By allowing people to exchange rubbish with each other. |
| D．By providing its residents with guidebooks to help them |
| A．Leftover food and batteries. |
| B．Metal and medicine. |
| C．Batteries and medicine |
| D．Paper and glass. |
| A．Where we can bury our waste. |
| B．Why we should sort our rubbish properly. |
| C．What kinds of waste can pollute the environment |
| D．How some kinds of waste can be reused and recycled. |
| A．Shenzhen has been sorting its rubbish for 10 years. |
| B．All the students have to take waste-sorting classes at school |
| C．As for rubbish sorting, we Chinese still have much work to do. |
| D．Burying is the only way of dealing with rubbish |
5 . Isn’t spring a beautiful season? Flowers of all colors and shapes can be seen everywhere. They make our world look and smell better. So, it is no surprise that people love flowers! Well…except for one—dandelions(蒲公英)!
In order to have a tidy garden, we try our best to kill all dandelions or dig them out—only to see these unwanted plants grow right back. But that’s not bad because we have good reasons to leave them alone.
In fact, a 2014 study lists dandelions as one of the top 41 healthiest foods. Dandelions are full of vitamins (维生素)K, A,E and C. They have long been used as medicine.
Another great thing about dandelions is that you can eat every part of them, either cooked or
uncooked. You can also put flowers or roots (根) in hot water to make dandelion tea. Great! Nothing goes to waste!
Besides, dandelions are fun for kids! Pick the white top, close your eyes, make a wish and blow! If you blow all of it off in one breath, your wish will come true! This game is played all over the world.
Still unwanted plants? Of course not! Dandelions are good for human health as well as our kitchen. They also provide kids with free toys! So next time when you are blowing them, blow harder —you’re helping this great plant grow in the wild, even if your own wish does not come true!
1. The first paragraph is mainly to draw reader’s attention to _______.| A．flowers | B．colors | C．shapes | D．dandelions |
| A．have no flowers | B．cannot be eaten | C．are easy to kill | D．are healthy plants |
| A．kill them | B．have fun | C．make tea | D．have everything |
( ①=Para.(自然段)1 ②=Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④=Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥=Para.6)
| A．①②;③④⑤;⑥ | B．①②;③④;⑤⑥ |
| C．①②③;④⑤;⑥ | D．①;②③;④⑤⑥ |
