1 . Most of us are used to using jet hand dryers (喷射式干手器) in public restrooms. They are surely very convenient — all we need to do is to hold up our hands for a few seconds until they are dry. And more importantly, they’re supposed to be hygienic (卫生的).
However, a new study published in the journal Hospital Infection found that jet hand dryers actually spread more dangerous bacteria (细菌) than paper towels.
In the study, two restrooms in each of three different hospitals in the UK, France and Italy were required to provide both jet air dryers and paper towels for people to use. But on certain days, only either the hand dryer or the paper towel dispenser (自动出纸机) was available to use.
The scientists found that when only the hand dryer was available, the amount of bacteria in the restrooms was 27 times higher than on other days.
According to study leader Mark Wilcox, an expert in medical microbiology at Leeds University, UK, air dryers spread harmful bacteria all over the room. This means that if people use these dryers, they’re more likely to pick up bacteria.
At the same time, however, this raises the question — why the bacteria exists(存在) if people wash their hands after using the restroom.
“The problem starts because some people do not wash their hands properly,” Wilcox told The Telegraph. In other words, poor hand-washing leads to a large amount of bacteria being left on your hands.
1. It was found that the restrooms had more bacteria when __________.| A．only the hand dryer was available to use |
| B．only paper towels were available to use |
| C．both the hand dryer and the paper towel dispenser were available to use |
| D．neither the hand dryer nor the paper towel dispenser were available to use |
| A．By only using clean restrooms. | B．By not using public restrooms. |
| C．By using paper towels. | D．By washing our hands properly. |
| A．①/②③④⑤/⑥⑦ | B．①/②③/④⑤⑥⑦ | C．①/②③④⑤⑥⑦ | D．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦ |
| A．Modern technology causes more problems. |
| B．Good habits can protect you from danger. |
| C．It’s common to pick up bacteria public places. |
| D．Scientists will find a way to improve hand dryers. |
2 . Life comes in a package. This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success, hope and despair. Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day, we learn to deal with all kinds of problems.
________ Love makes you feel wanted. Without love, a person could become cruel. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who show us with love and care. They teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we don’t always care about it. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others’ feelings.
Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind. No mind is happy without peace. Things like failure and illness may bring sadness, but sadness will pass away.
Failure is the way to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings money, fame and self-respect.
Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hours, because after every night there is a day.
Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our control. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark. So the only choice is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
1. Which of the following sentences can be put in ________
| A．Love plays a main role in our life. |
| B．Success only brings people money and fame. |
| C．Love teaches us what is right and wrong. |
| D．With love a person could become warm. |
| A．Happiness can’t make people peaceful. |
| B．Parents are the ones who give us love. |
| C．Without hope, people can still keep their life going. |
| D．People will feel sad when they fail, but the sadness will pass away one day. |
| A．To ask people to love each other. |
| B．To tell people how to face sadness and happiness. |
| C．To give readers some information about life. |
| D．To tell people what is a beautiful dream. |
（①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph 4 ⑤=Paragraph 5 ⑥=Paragraph 6)
| A．①②/③④⑤/⑥ | B．①/②③④/⑤⑥ |
| C．①②/③④/⑤⑥ | D．①/②③④⑤/⑥ |
3 . A new officer with the Huntington Park Police patrols (巡逻) local parks 24 hours a day seven days a week. He doesn’t need rest, coffee breaks, a salary or medical insurance, and that is because it is a Robocop.
The main function of the Robocop is to scan and film the surroundings. Besides cameras with night vision that report 360 degrees, it also has a distress button which is located here, so if somebody is to need assistance or they want to contact the communication center, they can do it by way of that distress button. There are people that are monitoring on the other end.
This newest police employee is self-charging. It’s easy to program it and make changes to the software if necessary. Its maintenance (维护) costs are roughly 75 thousand dollars a year. It travels the entire park. It is a programmed path, but the police are able to change the path and adapt it.
The Robocop can record the license plates (车牌) of passing cars and check them against an online database of stolen cars. It can also help locate a lost iPhone because it is able to determine a Smartphone’s MAC address. The police can see from the robot if something wrong happens and then come and figure it out.
The Robocop can’t replace its human handlers. The whole goal is to give police more time to do things machines can’t do. The police have been having some concerns about safety of the parks and want an extra set of eyes that will help patrol a 24/7. Robocop’s creators believe this model known as K5 is best used for providing security at public places like hospitals, parking lots, parks and airports. So far, it seems to be working out just fine.
1. What is the distress button used to do?| A．Locate the Robocop. | B．Serve as an alarm device（警报装置）. |
| C．Communicate with visitors. | D．Monitor the neighborhood. |
| A．To direct traffic. | B．To build a database（数据库）. |
| C．To prevent accidents. | D．To find lost cars. |
| A．It has limitation（局限性） in use. | B．It has been widely used（被广泛使用）. |
| C．Its creators（开发者） need more support. | D．Its security（安全性） is still under test. |
( ①=Para. 1 ②= Para. 2 ③= Para. 3 ④= Para. 4 ⑤= Para. 5 )
| A．①②③;④⑤ | B．①②;③④⑤ | C．①②③④;⑤ | D．①;②③④⑤ |
4 . Have you seen All is Well which is the most popular TV series in 2019? It is not easy to be one of the top ten trending hashtages (热搜) on Weibo for many days. All is Well has done just that.
The show tells the story of a Chinese family torn by internal conflict (内部冲突). The main character, Su Mingyu, hardly communicates with her father and her two brothers.
Nowadays, there is often a lack of understanding between parents and children. Parents often complain about their children’s unreasonable behavior, while children usually think their parents are too old-fashionable. Then, when a child has a problem, he usually goes out, leaving his parents in the dark.
However, there is another type of parents who spoil(溺爱) their children a lot. They have a common sense that their children are so precious to them so they always try their best to give their children a happy and meaningful life. Therefore, an increasing number of parents spoil their children and do everything for them, even control their life. For example, many children have to obey their parents’ idea about which school they should go into after they graduate; some children must go to art classes like dancing, piano and painting even though they have no interest in them; what’s more, some strict parents even involve children’s freedom about what friends they should make. On the one hand, these parents care and protect their children, however, on the other hand they may do harm to their children.
As far as I am concerned, it is necessary that parents should give their children more space and freedom so that their children may become more independent.
1. All is Well is a __________.| A．TV series | B．sitcom | C．film | D．game |
| A．There are some possible reasons for the present situation. |
| B．Here is some advice on how to increase the communication between them. |
| C．Parents and children should communicate with each other. |
| D．Parents have no time to care for their children. |
(①=para.1 ②=para.2 ③=para.3 ④=para.4 ⑤=para.5 ⑥=para.6)
| A．①;②③④⑤;⑥ | B．①②;③④⑤;⑥ |
| C．①②;③④;⑤⑥ | D．①②③;④⑤;⑥ |
| A．Su Mingyu has a better understanding for her father and her brother. |
| B．Parents should make all decisions for their children to make them go into a good university. |
| C．Strict parents who involve children’s freedom do harm to their children. |
| D．Spoiled children can become more independent, brave and responsible. |
5 . Columbus was an Italian. He believed the world was round, though few people knew or believed it at that time. He thought if he always went west, he would at last get to India. His friend, Isabella, the queen of Spain, gave him support which made it possible for him to start his journey.
On August 3, 1492, Columbus started from Spain with three small ships. He and his men stepped into what was then an unknown sea. Many thought that they would never come back. On and on they went with their ships, not knowing where they were going!
For a long time there was nothing but wide waters all around them. Day after day, and night after night passed by. The men who were with him became scared, and tried to force him to return. But Columbus was brave and would not turn back. At last, a land appeared.
When the people of the island saw Columbus’s ships, they were very surprised. They had never heard of Europe or the people who lived there. Columbus and his men filled their ships with fruits, vegetables, plants and animals. He even took some island people with him as he returned to Spain.
When the other countries of Europe heard of the great discovery of a new world, they wanted to share in its riches. So many things like bananas, sugar and cotton were brought into Europe from there. And these things changed Europe a lot.
The potato plant which was taken back to Europe also changed Europe. As it grew easily in Europe, it meant more food for the people there and so the population of Europe increase.
1. The men with Columbus tried to force him to return _______.| A．after they saw the island |
| B．after they filled their ships with fruits |
| C．because they felt scared |
| D．because they took some island people |
| A．people could grow potatoes easily in Europe |
| B．the population of Europe increased very fast |
| C．potatoes were of great importance to Europe |
| D．there were more foods to choose in Europe |
| A．after Columbus returned, some Asian countries sent out ships to the new land |
| B．Columbus became very important in European history because of his discovery |
| C．when the people of the island saw the ships of Columbus, they were very surprised |
| D．Columbus took fruits, animals and even some island people with him as he returned |
(① =Para.1（自然段）②＝Para.2 ③=Para.3 ④＝Para.4 ⑤=Para.5 ⑥＝Para.6）
| A．①; ②③④⑤; ⑥ | B．①②; ③④; ⑤⑥ |
| C．①; ②③④; ⑤⑥ | D．①②; ③④⑤; ⑥ |
6 . With no doubt, good health is a priceless thing. When we are healthy, we can learn, work, and support ourselves and our families. When we are sick, we fight, and our families and societies fall behind.
That’s why the World Health Organization is needed. Working with 194 Member States, across six regions (地区), and from more than 150 offices, WHO staff are joined together in an agreement to make better health for everyone, everywhere.
WHO follows the basic rule that all people should enjoy the highest standard of health, no matter who you are and where you are from. And this has guided WHO’s work for the past 70 years, since it was first set up as the lead agency for international health in the new United Nations system (系统).
For many years, the world has seen a rise in noncommunicable diseases (非传染性疾病) such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease. These diseases now become the causes of 70% of all deaths.▲, along with health authorities (专家) around the world, to develop a healthy lifestyle such as healthy eating, physical exercise and regular health checks.
Since WHO changed its focus to a healthy lifestyle, it has always been trying to run global (全球的) health events on healthy cities in recent years, like building a community (社区) with few people smoking around. And since January this year, the outbreak of COVID-19, the Organization has pulled together people all over the world to bring the virus under control.
To succeed in reaching these goals of WHO will require people of all countries to look out for each other and work together to build a global community of health for all!
1. What are the goals of WHO?| A．To make everyone healthy. | B．To make more countries united. |
| C．To collect more money. | D．To help more sick people. |
| A．But WHO alone won’t do much | B．But they can’t solve the problems |
| C．So WHO has changed its focus | D．So they’re trying to find the causes |
(Para. 1=①Para. 2=②Para. 3=③Para. 4=④Para. 5=⑤Para. 6=⑥)
| A．①②;③④⑤;⑥ | B．①②③;④⑤;⑥ |
| C．①;②③④;⑤⑥ | D．①②;③④;⑤⑥ |
| A．Good Health is First Important | B．The Focuses of WHO |
| C．The Organization: WHO | D．The Rules of WHO |
7 . As we are getting older and older, our ability to think and remember starts to become worse. But not everyone is like this. Some people are super-agers, who are over the age of 80, but have the brain of much younger people.
Scientists know that parts of the brain become smaller in size with age. But the change of the super-agers’ goes much more slowly. In her recent study, Emily Rogalski, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), showed that super-agers have young brains. The area of the brain for attention and memory was shown to be thicker in super-agers. “When we look at a super-ager’s brain, we see that it looks more like a 50-year-old brain than an 80-year-old one”.
▲ Most of them like travelling and playing sports. They always enjoy reading. And they usually have healthy relationships and spend time with friends. “Growing old,” she adds, “does not have to be depressing and sad. Perhaps if we expect a little better from ourselves, we’ll understand that not all getting old makes us sad”.
Rogalski said jokingly that super-agers do not grow on trees — meaning they are special and few. She says she wants to find out why a super-ager’s mind is working so well and not getting old as quickly as most.
The science behind super-agers is a new, but growing field. It attracts many scientists. Scientists in the research offer the advice to us: Stay active. Learn new things. Challenge yourself. Develop healthy relationships. We may also become super-agers if we follow the advice.
1. Super-agers are people ________.| A．over 80 with older brains | B．under 80 with older brains |
| C．over 80 with younger brains | D．under 80 with younger brains |
| A．The area of the brain for attention and memory was shown thinner in super-agers. |
| B．Scientists have found out why a super-ager’s mind is working so well. |
| C．Super-agers are common and very easy to find in our lives . |
| D．More and more scientists may get into the study of super-agers. |
| A．Scientists find that super-agers usually live simple lives. |
| B．Scientists say that super-agers hardly ever forget things. |
| C．Scientists find that super-agers have some physical differences from others. |
| D．Scientists say that super-agers have several things in common. |
A． |
B． |
C． |
D． |
8 . In China, each year we produce about 150 million tons of city waste according to a report. Where does the waste go? People usually burn or bury(埋)it. On the other hand, we receive waste from some developed countries. We get useful materials from it. What about the useless part? Still burned or buried. But is it a proper way?
Waste pollutes the environment, harms people's health and causes animals to die. It also gets in the way of green and sustainable development. We can't make money at the cost of the environment. We should leave clean water and green mountains to our next generations(一代人).
China is getting really serious about waste now.
We are taking less waste from developed countries. From January 2018, China started to stop 24 kinds of waste coming into our country. And more laws and rules about dealing with waste have been made. Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.
China also tries to put waste into good use. One example is the waste electricity factories. They burn waste to make electricity in a green way. No harmful gases or water will get into the environment.
The Chinese government is encouraging people to do waste sorting(分类). Cities like Shanghai, Chongqing and Beijing have their own sorting systems. More will join them soon. As President Xi Jinping said during a visit to Shanghai, waste sorting is a new fashion(时尚). More and more people are forming the habit of separating their waste.
1. The writer starts the passage by _________.| A．telling stories | B．comparing numbers |
| C．raising questions | D．giving suggestions |
| A．可享受的 | B．可持续的 | C．可借鉴的 | D．可复活的 |
| A．waste does harm only to the environment |
| B．those who break the law may not be punished |
| C．China stops getting waste from developed countries |
| D．waste sorting starts to become popular in China |
(①=Paragraph1 ②=Paragraph2 ③=Paragraph 3 ④=Paragraph4 ⑤=Paragraph 5
⑥=Paragraph 6)
A． | B． |
C． | D． |
9 . Nowadays, it has grown into a habit for many people to put every thought online when anything unhappy happens. However, it is important for people not to express every little thought that comes in their heads. Here are some interesting explanations.
The problem with expressing our every thought and feeling is that they can often change quickly. I may be angry with someone at this time, but that feeling will be gone the next day. For example, when I finally drove home last night, I happened to find my neighbor had taken my parking place by mistake. I was quite mad then, so I let everyone know it by posting it on WeChat. But today, that feeling is completely gone. I am not angry at all.
Too many things take place in one day, so not every problem needs to be paid much attention to. What will happen if we still keep spreading terrible feelings online, even if the problem is not that important? Actually, it’s all right to let go of some problems.
Moreover, communicating with words doesn’t always work. For example, I have three children. Trying to correct their habits by speaking to them directly is almost useless. Instead, my husband and I try to lead by examples. Sometimes they learn from it, and sometimes they don’t. But in many situations, setting a good example works much better than simply talking.
What can people do if they have disagreement when getting along with others? There are always two choices: they can either argue, or they can just walk away. Arguing is often a waste of time while walking away protects you from saying something that you may regret later. Our goal is to use every one of our words to cheer others up. So always think carefully before speaking. This way, the world will be a more peaceful place.
1. It’s important not to spread every thought online because .| A．it changes fast | B．every thought is very meaningful |
| C．speaking is more useful | D．we are not free to say what we like |
| A．it takes time to communicate with others |
| B．correcting children’s habit by speaking is always useless |
| C．words don’t work in communication with children at all |
| D．setting good examples is the best way to teach children |
| A．we should argue with people who disagree with us |
| B．the writer wants us to pay attention to our words |
| C．people can argue or walk away when they have disagreement |
| D．we are free to express ourselves and never regret |
(①= Para. (自然段)1; ②= Para. 2; ③= Para. 3; ④= Para. 4; ⑤= Para. 5)
| A．①; ②; ③④⑤ | B．①; ②③④; ⑤ | C．①; ②③; ④⑤ | D．①②; ③④; ⑤ |
10 . As we age, our ability to think and remember starts to become worse. But not everyone. Some of us are super-agers, who are over the age of 80 and have the brain of much younger people.
Scientists know that parts of the brain become smaller in size with age. But in super-agers that goes much slower. In her recent study, Emily Rogalski, a neuroscientist (神经科学家), showed that super-agers have young brains. The area of the brain for attention and memory was shown to be thicker in super-agers. “When we look at a super-ager’s brain, we see that it looks more like a 50-year-old brain than an 80-year-old one.”
Scientists say super-agers have several things in common, including an active lifestyle. Many travel and play sports. They are often big readers. And they usually have healthy relationships and spend time with friends. “Growing old,” she adds, “does not have to be depressing and sad. Perhaps, if we expect a little better from ourselves, we will understand that not all aging makes us doom and gloom (愁闷).” Rogalski jokingly said that super-agers do not grow on trees — meaning they are special and few. She says she wants to find out why a super-ager’s mind is working so well and not aging as quickly as most.
The science behind super-aging is a new, but growing field. Scientists in the research offer this advice as we age: Stay active. Learn new things. Challenge yourself. Develop healthy relationships.
1. In Emily Rogalski's recent study, what does she find?| A．When people get older, the ability to think and remember starts to become worse. |
| B．Super-agers have nothing in common with each other. |
| C．Super-ager’s brain looks younger that it really is. |
| D．The area of the brain for attention and memory was shown to be thinner in super-agers. |
| A．In a math book. |
| B．In a love story. |
| C．In a health research report. |
| D．In a sports magazine. |
| A．Scientists haven’t found out all the secrets to super-aging. |
| B．Super-agers have several things in common, including an active lifestyle. |
| C．If people feel sad more often, they probably will live longer. |
| D．If a person lives longer than 100 years old, he will be very wise. |
A． |
B． |
C． |
D． |
