2 . Chemistry is usually thought to be more difficult than other subjects, at least for the beginners. There are some reasons for this idea. For one thing, chemistry has a very specialized vocabulary（学科专用语汇）. At first, studying chemistry is like learning a new language. Also, some concepts（概念）of chemistry are hard to understand. However, with hard work and careful study, you can finish this subject successfully— and even enjoy it. Here are some suggestions to help you develop good study habits and better understand the topics in the book:

●Firstly, attend classes on time. Listen to your teacher and take careful notes in class. If possible, always review the topics you learn in class, and review your notes on the same day.

●Secondly, think carefully whether you really understand the meaning of a term or the use of an equation（方程式）. A good way to test your understanding is to explain a concept to a classmate or someone else.

●Thirdly, pay attention to things which have something to do with chemistry in life. Watch or do experiments in class carefully.

●Fourthly, question often and do not be afraid to ask your teacher or classmates for help.

You will find that chemistry is much more than numbers, formulas（分子式）and equations. It’s often used in daily life just like math and physics. Once you fall in love with it, you’ll get lots of fun.

1. How many suggestions does the writer give the readers?

A．Three.

B．Four.

C．Five.

D．Six.

2. The writer thinks that a good way to test your understanding of the formula “H2CO3” is to ________.

A．write it on the blackboard	B．read it aloud in class
C．explain it to someone else	D．ask others the meaning of it

3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A．Chemistry is more often used than physics.

B．Some concepts of chemistry are hard to understand.

C．Studying chemistry is like learning our mother language.

D．Chemistry is usually thought to be as difficult as other subjects.

4. The passage is mainly about ________.

A．differences between chemistry and physics	B．the importance of chemistry and physics
C．why chemistry is hard for beginners	D．how students study chemistry

3 . In a school garden in Ningxia, the roles of students are not the same as before. Here, students do the teaching.

“This is our vegetable area,” a student from Grade 8 tells a visitor, “we have grown many kinds of vegetables.”

“Look! These are tomatoes” another student adds, “and those are carrots. . .”

The two students have been working in the garden since 2021. They are part of their school’s gardening program. Actually（事实上）, most schools in Ningxia have their own gardens, where students harvest（收获）their special “schoolwork”.

In the gardens, students work in teams with the help of their teachers. They finish all the important steps by themselves. For example, team members study what to grow. Then they discuss and plan their gardens. They plant seeds（种子）, pull grass and water their plants. Some students also grow oranges and apples by themselves. In autumn, they harvest their “schoolwork”—all kinds of fruits and vegetables!

School gardens provide ideas for classes, too. For example, students study the plants they grow in science classes. Math becomes a tool for planning the garden. Studies have shown that schools gardening programs help students do better in school.

Schools’ gardening programs offer learning experiences as well as fun. Young gardeners can practice skills that are useful for all their lives. They’ve had fun working together as a team and learned how to work together.

1. Who do the teaching in the school garden?

A．Visitors.

B．Teachers.

C．Students.

D．Farmers.

2. Students do the following work in the school gardens EXCEPT _________.

A．studying what to grow

B．discussing and planning the gardens

C．pulling grass and watering plants

D．asking their parents to grow oranges and apples

3. Which of the following subjects can help students plan the garden?

A．

B．

C．

D．

4. From schools’ gardening programs, students can _________.
①learn how to work together
②practice skills that are useful
③ work alone without any help
④get learning experiences and fun

A．①③④

B．①②④

C．①②③

D．②③④

4 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空一词）。

Got pets? If so, lucky you! If not, maybe you’d like to. According to many     1     (doctor), spending time with animal friends has a lot of advantages.

Pets make people happier. Feelings of happiness often rise when people are with pets.     2     fact, studies show that being around animals helps people feel less alone.

Pets make people healthier. Staying with a pet can be good for     3     (you) health, too. Just watching fish swim can make people     4     (feel) more peaceful. Some pets need to spend time outdoors walking or     5     (run). Who take them? Their human friends! Getting exercise is healthy for both pets     6     people.

Pets teach important life lessons. Having a bird around—or any other animal—can teach you a lot. Pets     7     (usual) depend on their human friends to take care of them. Looking after animals teaches responsibility（责任）. It also     8     (help) people to develop life skills and gives them a sense of achievement.

Pets help you. Having a pet can be helpful. One study found that having pets in the classroom helped students get along well with each other. It helped them build up much     9     (good) relationships with their teachers and other students.

    10     a smart choice it is to keep pets!

6 . Imagine a tiny robot crawling（爬）through your body, helping doctors with their work. It’s not from a science novel. Doctors are now using robots to do operations（手术）. This is because robots can do some work that doctors can’t. The robots carry small cameras, which allow doctors to look inside patients’ bodies. The robots also have tiny scissors and other tools. “It’s like having little hands inside the patients,” said Dr. Wang from a hospital in Beijing.

Here’s how they work: The doctor makes a small cut in a patient. Then, the doctor puts the robot through the cut. Next, the doctor controls the robot to reach where it needs to go. Finally, with the help of the robot, the doctor looks inside the patient’s body and begins to work.

The robots have many advantages for doctors and patients. They help cut medical costs and make difficult operations quicker and easier. They allow doctors to operate with less damage（伤害）to patients’ bodies, too. This helps them to heal（治愈）faster.

However, the robots aren’t perfect. They can be expensive. What’s more, they are just tools to help humans, and they must be used by skilled doctors. Even the best robots can’t do everything that humans can do.

Scientists are working to make robots, smarter. Someday, robots may do even more than expected for humans.

1. The robots carry ________ to help doctors look inside patients’ bodies.

A．small cameras

B．little hands

C．common tools

D．tiny scissors

2. In what order does the doctor do operations with the help of the robot?
a. Look inside the patient’s body and begin to work.
b. Control the robot to reach where it needs to go.
c. Put the robot into the patient’s body through the cut.
d. Make a small cut.

A．d→b→c→a

B．d→c→a→b

C．d→a→c→b

D．d→c→b→a

3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．The size of the robots.

B．The future of the robots.

C．The costs of the robots.

D．The advantages of the robots.

4. What may be the best title for the passage?

A．Doctors Cut Medical Costs

B．Scientists Make Robots Smarter

C．Robots Help Doctors with Operations

D．Patients Do More than Expected

7 . People are trying to build “green buildings” that are friendly to the environment. They might not seem any different from common buildings. But let’s take a closer look.

Stay cool and warm. It takes a lot of energy to light rooms. It also takes energy to heat and cool buildings. So green buildings are designed to do all these things with much less energy. An energy-smart building starts with thick walls. Special insulation(隔热材料)inside keeps heat inside in winter and keeps heat outside in summer. This saves energy for heating and cooling. Some green buildings don’t need any radiators(散热器)or air conditioning at all!

Save the trees. What a building is made from can also help the planet. To save forests, some green buildings have bamboo floors instead of wood. Bamboo looks like wood, but it’s actually a grass. It grows back 20 times faster than a tree. Another way to build green is to use recycled materials. That saves the cost and reduces pollution of producing something new.

Make better home. City planners like green buildings because they save money and they are healthier for the people who work and live inside. But you don’t need to build a whole new building. Simple changes like shading windows and planting trees can make any home greener—and a better Earth home for us all.

As more people become concerned(担忧的)about climate change, more buildings are going green. Experts are finding new ways to build green buildings. We also need to change our mind. Let’s take action now!

1. How does an energy-smart building save energy for heating and cooling?

A．It uses air conditioners.	B．It uses smart radiators.
C．It has special thick walls.	D．It has fewer room lights.

2. Bamboo is used instead of wood in green buildings because ________

A．it is a recycled material	B．it grows back much faster
C．it can keep the room warm	D．it can save a lot of money

3. In Paragraph 4, the writer advises us to ________

A．build a whole new green building	B．pay attention to climate change
C．make small changes to our home	D．use only gas to cook our meals

4. How is the text organized?
(①=Paragraph   1, ②=Paragraph   2, …)

A．

B．

C．

D．

8 . 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）

be       end       easy       bird       problem       develop       get       noise       high       offer

Nature is wonderful. It     1     our best teacher. It teaches us a lot and we are born to learn from it to solve     2    . For example, scientists used what they saw in nature to improve our way of travelling. In days of high-speed train research and     3    , scientists were once faced with a noise problem. The trains pushed air through tunnels at     4     speeds. So, when a train came out of a tunnel, it could be very, very     5    . However, kingfisher birds hardly make a sound when they get into lakes or rivers. Engineers     6     a clever idea. They changed the front of the trains to match the shape of the kingfisher. Then the air could     7     pass over the trains. The problem was solved!

The kingfisher     8     example is just one that we learned from nature. Scientists study the smart models that nature can     9    . Then they use their wisdom(智慧) and imagination to design new products. Nature provides us with     10     possibilities to find wonderful ways to improve our lives. Learning from nature knows no bounds(永无止境)!

9 . 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023 is the Year of the Rabbit in China. But _______ would a year be named after a rabbit? Rabbits aren’t very strong ______, but they are symbols of beauty and cleverness in Chinese culture. They are also _______ as the luckiest of all the Chinese zodiac（生肖）animals. If you were born in the Year of the Rabbit, you are thought to be beautiful, clever and lucky.

The Chinese zodiac animals _______ more than just what kind of person you are. They also have a deep connection with ancient Chinese culture. Other cultures around the world have their own _______ about rabbits. Most of them think of rabbits as symbols of springtime and cleverness.

People do many things that relate to（与……相关）rabbits. For example, ______ the first day of a new month, people in western countries will say, “rabbit, rabbit”. They believe saying it will bring _______ good luck. _______, not every culture sees rabbits as symbols of good luck. American Indians _______ rabbits to be cheats（骗子）.

For the most part, rabbits mean good luck, so don’t forget to say, “rabbit, rabbit” at the beginning of the next ______ month. It could mean 30 days of good luck!

1.

A．when

B．why

C．where

D．what

2.

A．players

B．actors

C．guides

D．animals

3.

A．trained

B．saved

C．known

D．printed

4.

A．use

B．welcome

C．stop

D．tell

5.

A．ideas

B．orders

C．exams

D．chances

6.

A．with

B．of

C．to

D．on

7.

A．them

B．her

C．him

D．me

8.

A．Suddenly

B．However

C．Politely

D．Luckily

9.

A．consider

B．help

C．wish

D．teach

10.

A．famous

B．strange

C．new

D．safe