名校
1 . 为测定一金属丝Rx的电阻率,进行如下操作:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294354038784/2879413263933440/STEM/6d3bbe1c-b94b-4804-acaa-f26b1b562e07.png?resizew=176)
(1)先用欧姆表粗测电阻。现将欧姆表置于“×10”,经正确的操作,测量电阻时发现指针偏角过大,则以下哪些操作是必须的,请选择其中有用的,按操作顺序写出:___________ 。
A.用螺丝刀调节表盘下中间部位的调零螺丝,使表针指零
B.将红表笔和黑表笔接触
C.把选择开关旋到“×1Ω”位置
D.把选择开关旋到“×100Ω”位置
E.调节调零旋钮使表针指着欧姆零点
(2)为准确测量该电阻丝的电阻,备有以下器材:
A.待测电阻Rx;
B.电动势3V的直流电源,其内阻可不计;
C.直流电压表V,量程为0~15V,内阻为15kΩ,其读数可表示为U;
D.直流电流表A1,量程为0~1mA,内阻为r1=30Ω,其读数可表示为I1;
E.直流电流表A2,量程为0~200mA,内阻为r2约为2Ω,其读数可表示为I2;
F.定值电阻R1,阻值为2970Ω;
G.滑动变阻器R2,其最大电阻为10Ω;
H.开关和导线若干
在虚线框中将电路图补充完整___________ 。
(3)用刻度尺测得电阻丝接入电路的长度为L,用游标卡尺测其直径d时,某次游标卡尺的示数如图所示,其读数为___________ mm。
(4)写出金属丝电阻率的表达式为=___________ 。(用题目中所给的符号表示)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294354038784/2879413263933440/STEM/6d3bbe1c-b94b-4804-acaa-f26b1b562e07.png?resizew=176)
(1)先用欧姆表粗测电阻。现将欧姆表置于“×10”,经正确的操作,测量电阻时发现指针偏角过大,则以下哪些操作是必须的,请选择其中有用的,按操作顺序写出:
A.用螺丝刀调节表盘下中间部位的调零螺丝,使表针指零
B.将红表笔和黑表笔接触
C.把选择开关旋到“×1Ω”位置
D.把选择开关旋到“×100Ω”位置
E.调节调零旋钮使表针指着欧姆零点
(2)为准确测量该电阻丝的电阻,备有以下器材:
A.待测电阻Rx;
B.电动势3V的直流电源,其内阻可不计;
C.直流电压表V,量程为0~15V,内阻为15kΩ,其读数可表示为U;
D.直流电流表A1,量程为0~1mA,内阻为r1=30Ω,其读数可表示为I1;
E.直流电流表A2,量程为0~200mA,内阻为r2约为2Ω,其读数可表示为I2;
F.定值电阻R1,阻值为2970Ω;
G.滑动变阻器R2,其最大电阻为10Ω;
H.开关和导线若干
在虚线框中将电路图补充完整
(3)用刻度尺测得电阻丝接入电路的长度为L,用游标卡尺测其直径d时,某次游标卡尺的示数如图所示,其读数为
(4)写出金属丝电阻率的表达式为=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/14/2879294354038784/2879413263933440/STEM/fe93281b-7cb1-4668-aded-209b6beb9582.png?resizew=233)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-12-24更新
|
160次组卷
|
3卷引用:山东省“山东学情”2021-2022学年高二上学期12月联考物理试题(B)
名校
2 . 测量一个圆柱形电阻的电阻率
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/10/2869370301104128/2871214824349696/STEM/0e91cc5a-d6d0-4e72-8497-ce94028911b9.png?resizew=277)
(1)用20分度的游标卡尺测量其长度如图甲所示,可知其长度为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
______
;用螺旋测微器测出其直径D如图乙所示,则![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
______
;
(2)此圆柱体电阻
约为
,欲测量这种材料的电阻率
,现提供以下实验器材:
A.电流表
(量程
,内阻
)
B.电流表
(量程
,内阻
约为
)
C.电压表V(量程
,内阻约为
)
D.滑动变阻器
(
,额定电流
)
E.定值电阻![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e34a085b2b86db78d06b499d2a64718.png)
F.直流电源E(电动势为
,内阻很小)
G.开关一只,导线若干
为了尽可能精确测量圆柱体的阻值,在所给的方框中设计出实验电路图,并标明所选择器材的物理符号______ ;
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/10/2869370301104128/2871214824349696/STEM/4e98ebf4-0a30-4923-92b0-9d6ad44a3de0.png?resizew=178)
(3)此圆柱体长度为L直径D,若采用以上电路设计进行测量,电阻率![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c46981ab8889be2831c518c76feaade.png)
______ (写出表达式)(若实验中用到电流表
、电流表
、电压表V,其读数可分别用字母
、
、U来表示)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/10/2869370301104128/2871214824349696/STEM/0e91cc5a-d6d0-4e72-8497-ce94028911b9.png?resizew=277)
(1)用20分度的游标卡尺测量其长度如图甲所示,可知其长度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efa9fbcfb9595e2f031aa691db4564b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(2)此圆柱体电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d6e278c32ede0c61f56cb6c0dc50dc29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
A.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/54748cad43741f8d9c6442bc57628cb9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/010f1f10e1d3c3b2e4eaebafefc66d4d.png)
B.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9e65b2e896a5c2371ef4d17d58d2709.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/469015d5fd7b688977dbd268cd930a56.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b3e95410f3b4fcb0cba425b521d1f67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/18357853560ede5d670851756f403ca3.png)
C.电压表V(量程
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ae62ccc477cd41615b417464841047f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3685a681e0ac369550ed5312aebd3488.png)
D.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/589c183718f7a66d748ab258ee5ee34d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/04fa051e5a7b175d0d95b5e84558dd0e.png)
E.定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e34a085b2b86db78d06b499d2a64718.png)
F.直流电源E(电动势为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ef412f9f9a6ca89bc145417e89134a4f.png)
G.开关一只,导线若干
为了尽可能精确测量圆柱体的阻值,在所给的方框中设计出实验电路图,并标明所选择器材的物理符号
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/12/10/2869370301104128/2871214824349696/STEM/4e98ebf4-0a30-4923-92b0-9d6ad44a3de0.png?resizew=178)
(3)此圆柱体长度为L直径D,若采用以上电路设计进行测量,电阻率
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c46981ab8889be2831c518c76feaade.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acf35aa115963656d885b6440d6caa2c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c9e65b2e896a5c2371ef4d17d58d2709.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f1ac49b4139636fb1809fe970b23a87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d1a0fd1ad044a9ecfcba672779bd678.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-12-13更新
|
734次组卷
|
2卷引用:2022届山东省新泰市第一中学东校高三上学期第二次质量检测物理试题
名校
3 . 某同学在家中看到装修剩余的金属丝,他不确定该金属丝的材质,为了确定它的材质,他想通过测金属电阻率的方法获得,可供他选用的器材如下:
待测金属丝:
(阻值约为几欧,额定电流约
);
电压表:
(量程
,内阻约
);
电流表:
(量程
,内阻约
);
电流表:
(量程
,内阻约
);
电源:
(电源电压为
);
电源:
(电源电压为
);
滑动变阻器:
(最大阻值约
);
螺旋测微器;毫米刻度尺;开关
;导线。
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,示数如图所示,读数为___________
。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/18/2853872597499904/2855922555043840/STEM/5662741f-f776-4901-8854-830917e17ecf.png?resizew=195)
(2)若滑动变阻器采用限流式接法,为使测量尽量精确,电流表应选___________ ,电源应选___________ (均填器材代号),在虚线框中画出电路原理图。( )
待测金属丝:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14ba3ede0350b32e2d94c813d27f2183.png)
电压表:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/951f5dfc2ee88b950c0a4322d9236ce4.png)
电流表:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd03792c2bb898cc9effd2dc4036869f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/910928687da37388715dd531939fbfed.png)
电流表:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/947e97835206d91d18ea14b68ed1b031.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47367bf5c848198638bc6d92ebe37262.png)
电源:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/522230546d4b802094e86ceb48c2ba38.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
电源:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0b4f150ab98bde511e0f65d9bafab031.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4a9e557b18168d9ec84e65fb46057d72.png)
滑动变阻器:
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e4de49b9b4621a90d07ea99ae6c1cc75.png)
螺旋测微器;毫米刻度尺;开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cf231f8f86fb922df4ca0c87f044cec3.png)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,示数如图所示,读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/18/2853872597499904/2855922555043840/STEM/5662741f-f776-4901-8854-830917e17ecf.png?resizew=195)
(2)若滑动变阻器采用限流式接法,为使测量尽量精确,电流表应选
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/18/2853872597499904/2855922555043840/STEM/2d7581c9-904b-41d3-b0c7-e5bd2cd66731.png?resizew=195)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-12-01更新
|
233次组卷
|
4卷引用:山东省菏泽市一中系列2021-2022学年高二上学期期中物理试题(A)
名校
4 . 在“测定金属丝电阻率”的实验中,用螺旋测微器测量出金属丝直径d,用米尺测出金属丝接入电路的长度L,金属丝的电阻大约为5Ω,先用伏安法测出金属丝的电阻R,然后根据电阻定律计算出该金属材料的电阻率。
现有如下器材:
A.电压表V1(量程0~3V,内阻约10kΩ)
B.电压表V2(量程0~15V,内阻约50kΩ)
C.电流表A1(量程0~0.6A,内阻rA1=0.05Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程0~3A,内阻rA2=0.01Ω)
E.滑动变阻器,R1(0~10Ω)
F.滑动变阻器,R2(0~100Ω)
G.电池组(电动势E=3V,内阻约1Ω)
(1)要求较准确地测出其阻值,电压表应选___________ ,电流表应选___________ ,滑动变阻器应选___________ 。(填对应器材前的字母序号)
(2)若测得金属丝的直径用d表示,电阻用R表示,则该金属材料的电阻率表达式ρ=___________
(3)某小组同学利用以上器材正确连接好电路,进行实验测量,记录数据如下:
根据以上实验数据请设计实验电路图在方框中:__________ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/25/2859004045623296/2859118067507200/STEM/7e18bf1a-12f5-4490-82c4-ac9a19b7c150.png?resizew=203)
(4)下图是测量实验器材实物图,图中已连接了部分导线,滑动变阻器的滑片P置于变阻器的一端。请根据(3)所设计的电路图,补充完成图实物间的连线,并使闭合开关的瞬间,电压表或电流表不至于被烧坏__________ 。
现有如下器材:
A.电压表V1(量程0~3V,内阻约10kΩ)
B.电压表V2(量程0~15V,内阻约50kΩ)
C.电流表A1(量程0~0.6A,内阻rA1=0.05Ω)
D.电流表A2(量程0~3A,内阻rA2=0.01Ω)
E.滑动变阻器,R1(0~10Ω)
F.滑动变阻器,R2(0~100Ω)
G.电池组(电动势E=3V,内阻约1Ω)
(1)要求较准确地测出其阻值,电压表应选
(2)若测得金属丝的直径用d表示,电阻用R表示,则该金属材料的电阻率表达式ρ=
(3)某小组同学利用以上器材正确连接好电路,进行实验测量,记录数据如下:
次数 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
U/V | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.70 | 1.00 | 1.50 | 1.70 | 2.30 |
I/A | 0.020 | 0.060 | 0.160 | 0.220 | 0.340 | 0.460 | 0.520 |
根据以上实验数据请设计实验电路图在方框中:
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/25/2859004045623296/2859118067507200/STEM/7e18bf1a-12f5-4490-82c4-ac9a19b7c150.png?resizew=203)
(4)下图是测量实验器材实物图,图中已连接了部分导线,滑动变阻器的滑片P置于变阻器的一端。请根据(3)所设计的电路图,补充完成图实物间的连线,并使闭合开关的瞬间,电压表或电流表不至于被烧坏
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/25/2859004045623296/2859118067507200/STEM/a5ab6016-c8ae-46a1-845a-0f6540233abc.png?resizew=237)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-11-25更新
|
173次组卷
|
2卷引用:山东省潍坊市临朐中学2021-2022学年高二上学期12月物理试题
名校
5 . 在“测定金属丝的电阻率”实验中,所用的测量仪器均已校准。待测金属丝接入电路部分的长度约为
。
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,某一次测量结果(接近多次测量的平均值)如图1所示,其读数为___________
。用游标卡尺测金属丝长度,其读数为___________
。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/84dbf7c0-d1fe-450f-8f41-5aebe12ac0e8.png?resizew=290)
(2)用伏安法测金属丝的电阻
的阻值(约为
),实验室提供了如下器材:
A. 电池组
(电动势为
,内阻约为
)
B. 电流表
(量程为
,内阻约为
)
C. 电流表
(量程为
,内阻为
)
D. 电压表
(量程为
,内阻约为
)
E. 电压表
(量程为
,内阻为
)
F. 电阻箱R(阻值范围为
,额定电流为
)
G. 开关
,导线若干
为使测量尽可能准确,电流表应选用___________ ,电压表应选用___________ ;(填器材前的字母标号)应采用图2给出的___________ 电路进行测量。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/ad9a5dc0-5e27-4e36-aa97-6f51eac4e368.png?resizew=766)
(3)根据记录的电阻箱阻值
及对应电流表示数
和电压表示数
,在坐标纸上作
图象如图3所示,根据图象可得金属丝的电阻![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
___________
(保留两位有效数字)。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/fa88c6a1-a0f4-49ac-acd8-7ff079e80bdc.png?resizew=285)
(4)根据以上数据估算金属丝的电阻率约为___________ (填选项前的字母标号)。
A.
B.
C.
D.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/38d3adf0dd551c71cc85655d0cbf04a5.png)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量金属丝的直径,某一次测量结果(接近多次测量的平均值)如图1所示,其读数为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efa9fbcfb9595e2f031aa691db4564b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/84dbf7c0-d1fe-450f-8f41-5aebe12ac0e8.png?resizew=290)
(2)用伏安法测金属丝的电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/06b4d960f7cc9612286fc28cd6dd281a.png)
A. 电池组
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/61588617d22abd00af4ca489bb3a8787.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1c32357e686d29f9f14b146ded3cf4f2.png)
B. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd03792c2bb898cc9effd2dc4036869f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ffbfbe355c5b2fb8342b81b537d54708.png)
C. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/947e97835206d91d18ea14b68ed1b031.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f8c161c21b0e3720ed2cc13c0a719158.png)
D. 电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1ed8c8920591ed6660d50b1661a72c66.png)
E. 电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba17b88bde0d2850642a6a69e565d144.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/72bd35b98e439465b082ef0a5896cf09.png)
F. 电阻箱R(阻值范围为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/47e1eff81407584ef4d1ad5b22829dec.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d73c327d0f1396ddc8f8a4c1662cd626.png)
G. 开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a454a2c91ace8ef50412a6adf91f8086.png)
为使测量尽可能准确,电流表应选用
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/ad9a5dc0-5e27-4e36-aa97-6f51eac4e368.png?resizew=766)
(3)根据记录的电阻箱阻值
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e105760638b22b26ff8bec4354255e4c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b52b4f24969673c863b5aff4fb6751ce.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/55777232cc5a4e21a62d2c24a5e66565.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/67c1313842b62428737610b14806d883.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0cb9ad1e34877b0db02d0219332b0f7b.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/17/2853445661892608/2855983711567872/STEM/fa88c6a1-a0f4-49ac-acd8-7ff079e80bdc.png?resizew=285)
(4)根据以上数据估算金属丝的电阻率约为
A.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7d9d9a365302047e27abbca5b1f54eed.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b70cfd5e0d48a0d1486a90979b7720a5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/eb1cfa527948885bc38e9016a441134c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c20e23d3a9c1f3e896a7dcdcbc183b9a.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-11-21更新
|
300次组卷
|
2卷引用:2022届山东省德州市夏津第一中学高三上学期12月物理试题2
实验题
|
较难(0.4)
|
名校
6 . 某同学在测量一个阻值约为
的均匀新材料制成的圆柱体电阻
的电阻率
。
(1)该同学首先用游标卡尺测得该材料的长度如图甲所示,读数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
__________
;用螺旋测微器测得该材料的直径如图乙所示,读数![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
__________
。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852619018567680/2854711051534336/STEM/c17ec6ba-aafb-4b49-b9f0-8732a9457fe0.png?resizew=517)
(2)现有可供选择的器材如下:
A. 电压表
(量程为
,内阻
约为
)
B. 电流表
(量程为
,内阻
约为
)
C. 电流表
(量程为
,内阻
为
)
D. 定值电阻
(阻值为
)
E. 滑动变阻器
(
,
)
F. 滑动变阻器
(
,
)
G. 电源
(电动势为
,内阻很小)
H. 开关
,带夹子的导线若干
(3)请根据给出的仪器在虚线框中画出测量电阻的实验电路图,并标出所选器材代号,要求尽量减小误差,获得较多的数据,且电表的示数均能超过量程的三分之一。( )
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852619018567680/2854711051534336/STEM/e9d0bbc6-60c7-4bc4-b753-01689475f3f2.png?resizew=283)
(4)若用
、
分别表示所选电流表
、
的读数,该电阻的长度为
,直径为
,电流表
的内阻为
,定值电阻为
,则该金属丝的电阻率表达式为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
__________ (用上述物理量的字母表达)。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/76caa19ec164ba47b2ff45eb4a7a1f87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
(1)该同学首先用游标卡尺测得该材料的长度如图甲所示,读数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852619018567680/2854711051534336/STEM/c17ec6ba-aafb-4b49-b9f0-8732a9457fe0.png?resizew=517)
(2)现有可供选择的器材如下:
A. 电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/478abdd84506a8ef759e353a238db6c9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/deb4bcbd9cbba7000bf5154da782db51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2858005b9ae89ae080d83dcc13cf8e81.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/365afb8a7c332feeadcba09133b69b2a.png)
B. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd842426cfa6e92c5dfbd52d6ada1104.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2858005b9ae89ae080d83dcc13cf8e81.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a5cc49fdf0306b7be2c7ae0a3098dea5.png)
C. 电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4388d61dbe462c603456ba1ec9ce7834.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b3e95410f3b4fcb0cba425b521d1f67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a8b8c31672cce39bf5f4d474c6466e33.png)
D. 定值电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/250d02cfa23798a4b6e43c04e4876c3b.png)
E. 滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/365afb8a7c332feeadcba09133b69b2a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/14ba3ede0350b32e2d94c813d27f2183.png)
F. 滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a8b8c31672cce39bf5f4d474c6466e33.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6699c896d7394a071917fe3922f3864f.png)
G. 电源
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/61588617d22abd00af4ca489bb3a8787.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6b26d0e154ef213ebe194b8b5e519f13.png)
H. 开关
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a454a2c91ace8ef50412a6adf91f8086.png)
(3)请根据给出的仪器在虚线框中画出测量电阻的实验电路图,并标出所选器材代号,要求尽量减小误差,获得较多的数据,且电表的示数均能超过量程的三分之一。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852619018567680/2854711051534336/STEM/e9d0bbc6-60c7-4bc4-b753-01689475f3f2.png?resizew=283)
(4)若用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2f1ac49b4139636fb1809fe970b23a87.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2d1a0fd1ad044a9ecfcba672779bd678.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0c88d9142df6ba8e43c1a93bd04a1362.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8455657dde27aabe6adb7b188e031c11.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2b3e95410f3b4fcb0cba425b521d1f67.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4aa0df7f1e45f9de29e802c7f19a4f64.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b30db97c39edcede2f0e7d4e075fecec.png)
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-11-21更新
|
1600次组卷
|
4卷引用:2022届山东省泰安市东平高级中学高三上学期第三次质量检测物理试题
2022届山东省泰安市东平高级中学高三上学期第三次质量检测物理试题辽宁省协作校2021-2022学年高二上学期期中物理试题江西省九江市同文中学2021-2022学年高二上学期12月物理试题(已下线)专题53 测量金属的电阻率-2023届高三物理一轮复习重点热点难点专题特训
7 . 某实验小组要测定长度为1m的金属丝的电阻率(金属丝的电阻约为几欧姆),完成下面的问题:
(1)该实验小组用螺旋测微器测量金属电阻丝的直径如图甲所示,则电阻丝的直径为d=______ mm;
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852678737362944/2854732016115712/STEM/a6b5ce5b-3fff-4a82-8c24-106ae9c3769e.png?resizew=243)
(2)要测量金属丝的电阻率,该实验小组从实验室中选取了合适的器材:电池组(电动势3V,内阻约1Ω)、电流表(量程0.6A,内阻约0.1Ω)、电压表(量程3V,内阻约3kΩ)、滑动变阻器R(0-20Ω,额定电流2A)、开关、导线若干为了尽量减小测量误差,要求电表示数从零开始,请将图乙的实物图连接完整。______
(3)闭合电键前,将滑动变阻器的滑片移到最_______ (填“左”或“右”)端,闭合电键,移动滑动变阻器触头,某次测量电流表的示数I=0.40A,电压表的示数U=2.00V;根据上述所得数据求得金属丝的电阻率ρ=_______ Ω·m。
(4)若实验误差主要来自电阻的测量,则因电表的内阻影响使测得的电阻率比实际值偏_______ (填“大”或“小”)。
(1)该实验小组用螺旋测微器测量金属电阻丝的直径如图甲所示,则电阻丝的直径为d=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/16/2852678737362944/2854732016115712/STEM/a6b5ce5b-3fff-4a82-8c24-106ae9c3769e.png?resizew=243)
(2)要测量金属丝的电阻率,该实验小组从实验室中选取了合适的器材:电池组(电动势3V,内阻约1Ω)、电流表(量程0.6A,内阻约0.1Ω)、电压表(量程3V,内阻约3kΩ)、滑动变阻器R(0-20Ω,额定电流2A)、开关、导线若干为了尽量减小测量误差,要求电表示数从零开始,请将图乙的实物图连接完整。
(3)闭合电键前,将滑动变阻器的滑片移到最
(4)若实验误差主要来自电阻的测量,则因电表的内阻影响使测得的电阻率比实际值偏
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-11-19更新
|
103次组卷
|
2卷引用:山东省临沂第二十四中学2021-2022学年高二上学期期中物理试题
8 . 某同学要测量一分布均匀材料制成的圆柱体的电阻率
。步骤如下:
(1)用20分度的游标卡尺测量其长度如图,由图可知其长度为________
;
(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图,由图可知其直径为________
;
(3)用多用电表的电阻“
”挡,按正确的操作步骤测得此圆柱体的电阻阻值,表盘的示数如图,则该电阻的阻值约为________
。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851660301139968/2854079878463488/STEM/2946614b-eed1-490e-8116-8bedf9e16045.png?resizew=357)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851660301139968/2854079878463488/STEM/f51c13d3-a6c5-4338-8991-e97e29d9df7a.png?resizew=344)
(4)为了更加准确地测出该圆柱体的电阻,有以下一些器材可选择:
A.电源
(电动势
、内阻可忽略不计)
B.电流表
(量程
,内阻约
)
C.电流表
(量程
,内阻约
)
D.电压表
(量程
,内阻约
)
E.电压表
(量程
,内阻约
)
F.待测电阻![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
G.滑动变阻器
(
,允许最大电流
)
H.滑动变阻器
(
,允许最大电流
)
I.电键
和导线若干
在方框中画出实验电路原理图并标出所选实验器材相应的电学符号______ 。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
(1)用20分度的游标卡尺测量其长度如图,由图可知其长度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图,由图可知其直径为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/21f3bf70722b22983c120d008d097602.png)
(3)用多用电表的电阻“
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d55519bd96aba05e6f1533ddc7bb63fa.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0047f659c182291c84c224df6b5e993f.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851660301139968/2854079878463488/STEM/2946614b-eed1-490e-8116-8bedf9e16045.png?resizew=357)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851660301139968/2854079878463488/STEM/f51c13d3-a6c5-4338-8991-e97e29d9df7a.png?resizew=344)
(4)为了更加准确地测出该圆柱体的电阻,有以下一些器材可选择:
A.电源
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2a30f3a8b673cc28bd90c50cf1a35281.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3088c2099211295de775ee33dd1d03fc.png)
B.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/024e2379c58191758f8bd7602a6bcb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd03792c2bb898cc9effd2dc4036869f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/972e55082525063769cc7a9727e3b157.png)
C.电流表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b34a75c2a392f235c5f07b91d9fb58d5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2154e94f5ec00e9ef165e643f62b88c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5c6dd7a38efb173908c673e895d38be2.png)
D.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48fade4e14bf5845ff14f9e95bb6bfef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/de0c81d3bdfe9dd9fe420c382e8b91c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f281e85fffd9edc43576e43fddaf501a.png)
E.电压表
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b40f1d184152aa3954752ed70e7d1612.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ba17b88bde0d2850642a6a69e565d144.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ab384ebebf40aa0678ed71c2b077bde9.png)
F.待测电阻
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ce2581ae160692cd7e2686226fe5e2c6.png)
G.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9efc18a5bb2e53586331b2a58538a48b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/50de6be6b4129f0fa6276558ab5aaaf6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f2e7fa07e4fbe9f7f5ef712e1246d970.png)
H.滑动变阻器
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/19f20f21a9d50b61dac519a3ddab539d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1ee03037e03c496bb742abfc67422c95.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d73c327d0f1396ddc8f8a4c1662cd626.png)
I.电键
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/a454a2c91ace8ef50412a6adf91f8086.png)
在方框中画出实验电路原理图并标出所选实验器材相应的电学符号
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851660301139968/2854079878463488/STEM/3d5ef5ec-3ab1-4a16-94b0-9e42f505edc1.png?resizew=177)
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9 . 某同学要测量均匀新材料制成的圆柱体的电阻率,步骤如下:
(1)用游标卡尺测量其长度如图甲所示,由图可知其长度为L___________ cm。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/99cb575a-83ee-4b5b-b9fc-e7e4a52fc246.png?resizew=272)
(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图乙所示,由图可知其直径D=___________ mm。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/3bbabf8a-0406-473d-b5fb-2d94dbf91aac.png?resizew=169)
(3)用多用电表的电阻“×10”挡,按正确的操作步骤测此圆柱体的电阻,表盘示数如图丙所示,则该电阻的阻值约为___________ 。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/f8258212-529c-4c65-8ea2-dfa222c19abb.png?resizew=448)
(4)该同学想用伏安法更精确地测量其电阻R,现有的器材及其代号和规格如下:
待测圆柱体电阻R;开关S;导线若干;电流表A(量程0~30mA,内阻约30);电压表V(量程0~3V,内阻约10k);直流电源E(电动势4V,内阻不计);滑动变阻器R1(阻值范围015,允许通过的最大电流2.0A)。
为减小测量误差,在实验中实验电路应采用图中的___________ ,但用此电路图测得的电阻值___________ 真实值(填“大于”“等于”或“小于”)。
A.
B.
C.
D.
(1)用游标卡尺测量其长度如图甲所示,由图可知其长度为L
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/99cb575a-83ee-4b5b-b9fc-e7e4a52fc246.png?resizew=272)
(2)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图乙所示,由图可知其直径D=
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/3bbabf8a-0406-473d-b5fb-2d94dbf91aac.png?resizew=169)
(3)用多用电表的电阻“×10”挡,按正确的操作步骤测此圆柱体的电阻,表盘示数如图丙所示,则该电阻的阻值约为
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/f8258212-529c-4c65-8ea2-dfa222c19abb.png?resizew=448)
(4)该同学想用伏安法更精确地测量其电阻R,现有的器材及其代号和规格如下:
待测圆柱体电阻R;开关S;导线若干;电流表A(量程0~30mA,内阻约30);电压表V(量程0~3V,内阻约10k);直流电源E(电动势4V,内阻不计);滑动变阻器R1(阻值范围015,允许通过的最大电流2.0A)。
为减小测量误差,在实验中实验电路应采用图中的
A.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/3d3e2545-dbdd-4b73-afb0-654e684fb5c3.png?resizew=116)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/0d0cd59c-737a-40b6-afca-c8ac3ca97bb6.png?resizew=108)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/9f7e3d83-a5eb-42b7-8daa-518bc42e815d.png?resizew=140)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/15/2851807523373056/2853110035734528/STEM/82f0ddab-f2bb-41b3-8c81-fbfdcefe48c0.png?resizew=141)
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名校
10 . 某同学要测量一均匀新材料制成的圆柱体的电阻率
,步骤如下:
(1)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图甲所示,由图可知其直径![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
___________ mm。
(2)用游标卡尺测量其长度如图乙所示,由图可知其长度为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
___________ mm。
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/11/2849051885551616/2850587038507008/STEM/f609e59d-fb71-4e65-83be-50e19ca7c2eb.png?resizew=554)
(3)该同学为了测定金属棒的电阻设计了如图丙的电路图,用电压表与电流表读数之比来得到电阻的测量值,若考虑电表内阻引起的系统误差,则电阻的测量值相较于真实值___________ ;(选填“偏大”或“偏小”)
(4)设测得导电材料的电阻为R,导电材料的长度为L,导电材料的直径为D,求得导电材料的电阻率为___________ (用题目所给字母表示)。
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/171102a883b22fe6ca578efc8926f5b8.png)
(1)用螺旋测微器测量其直径如图甲所示,由图可知其直径
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9a6d85799453899836bc34ad276ec80e.png)
(2)用游标卡尺测量其长度如图乙所示,由图可知其长度为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fd1846e964fd60c54888a3c706a97442.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/11/2849051885551616/2850587038507008/STEM/f609e59d-fb71-4e65-83be-50e19ca7c2eb.png?resizew=554)
(3)该同学为了测定金属棒的电阻设计了如图丙的电路图,用电压表与电流表读数之比来得到电阻的测量值,若考虑电表内阻引起的系统误差,则电阻的测量值相较于真实值
(4)设测得导电材料的电阻为R,导电材料的长度为L,导电材料的直径为D,求得导电材料的电阻率为
您最近一年使用:0次
2021-11-13更新
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238次组卷
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3卷引用:山东省临沂市郯城县美澳学校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末线上测试物理试题