1 . After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Today’s students have a problem, and it is not the one written on the board. They were born into a world where algorithms(算法)keep them clicking, scrolling(滚屏)and swiping(刷屏)at a rapid pace. Technology, smartphones, social media, and immediate access to the Internet are hurting their ability     1    (focus)and changing the way they think.

Now teachers have a problem too. They find it particularly exhausting to ask students to read complex or long texts     2     taking regular breaks. A teacher says smartphones have clearly affected the younger generation, but how education should evolve for digital-native students was not something     3     was covered when she was getting certified(认证).

There are teachers who begin classes with meditation(冥想)exercises to help their students focus. However,     4     turns out that any sort of “tech break” could counteract(抵消)strong desires to multitask.

Students aged between 10 and 24 tend to stay away from physical books, preferring video as a source of information second only to teachers. Asha Choksi, vice-president of global research at Pearson     5     (give) the example of a teacher who films himself performing a science experiment and posts it to YouTube. When it is time for class, he uses the video to illustrate material in the textbook,     6     can seem boring to students.

Still,     7     those educators are embracing technology in the classroom to meet students’ needs, they are also finding value in traditional methods, and so suggest a “blended(混合的)learning” approach. Direct instruction from them will never be replaced in their classes. Technology     8    (favour)only when it improves a lesson in ways that are impossible offline.

Digital natives will continue to eagerly adopt new media. Teachers have no choice but to evolve. They are making an effort not only to ensure that students can take advantage of new technologies,     9     to teach students valuable skills that can help them succeed in a world constantly trying to distract them. Think of the Zuckerbergs, the Gates, the Jobs and all those pioneers in the tech world. They became successful not because they     10     code(编程); it was because they could think.

3 . China’s three major mobile operators (运营商) on Thursday started their long-awaited 5G service plans with users in dozens of cities. China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom announced their monthly 5G plans with prices ranging from 128 yuan to 599 yuan, almost at the same time.

The 5G services are now being used in 50 cities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. The expectation for the new communication technology has long been high. The three major mobile operators already registered (注册) over 10 million 5G users before the official start.

The country is expected to have over 600 million 5G users by 2025, covering nearly 40 percent of the global total. Major phone makers are jumping on the broadband (宽带) business. Eighteen types of 5G smartphones were brought out in the first three quarters of this year, and about 787, 000 5G phones came into the market, according to a research institute with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(MIIT).

Bloomberg News reported that bringing 5G services out to the world’s biggest population should give a push to China’s digital economy, including makers of telecommunications equipment, platforms and applications for the internet of things, autonomous (自动的) driving and factory automation. It will be expensive at first but could pay off well into the future.

China is ready to become the world’s largest 5G market by users, a position that could help it set global standards (标准) for such networks and inspire its drive to become a leader in this field.

1. What can you infer from paragraph 3?

A．There will be 600 million 5G users by 2025.

B．People have accepted 5G services as part of their life.

C．Phone market becomes active thanks to 5G services.

D．The new technology has long been highly expected.

2. How will 5G services change China according to Bloomberg?

A．China can hardly benefit from developing this technology.

B．It will be expensive to develop this advanced technology.

C．The technology helps set the world standards for network.

D．It will lead to China’s economic development.

3. What’s the writer’s attitude to the future of 5G services in China?

A．Worried.

B．Negative.

C．Positive.

D．Unclear.

4. What could be the best title for the text?

A．5G Services Already Widely Used.

B．Three Major Mobile Operators.

C．Advantages Of 5G Services.

D．5G Services With A Bright Future In China.

4 . In WALL-E, a science fiction movie, a little robot is responsible for cleaning a world covered in garbage; a world where there is no longer room for anything else, not even humans! The film encourages common people, worldwide leaders and businessmen to ask the obvious question: What can be done to prevent something like this happening? For some, microfactories could become the most promising answer.

Veena Sahajwalla, a materials scientist and engineer in Sydney, Australia, has discovered a solution to the challenging waste problem. Her one-stop approach could go beyond the existing recycling processes. Her waste microfactories mainly target electronic waste and plastic, and are essentially little trash processors. These can transform waste into new materials with the help of thermal(热的) technology.

“Using our green manufacturing technologies, these microfactories can transform waste, enabling local businesses and communities to not only solve local waste problems, but to develop a commercial opportunity from the valuable materials that are created,” she explains.

Humans generate 2.01 billion tons of solid waste annually. And as the fastest growing waste stream, approximately 53.6 million tons of e-waste were generated globally by 2019. Despite current efforts, only 17.4 percent of this is known to have been collected and properly recycled. Meanwhile, worldwide e-waste generation is expected to continue to grow, reaching almost 80 million tons by 2030.

Although the most effective solution to the waste challenges would not generate as much trash, Sahajwalla microfactories provide hope for all the waste that already exists. Her solution not only decreases the amount of waste, but it also improves its management and enables new manufacturing opportunities around the new materials created.

WALL-E shows us the best and the worst of what human beings have to offer. It shows where the world is headed unless the human species slows down and stops developing at the current pace. But it also provides hope, showing that we also have a great power to change and improve.

1. What’s the aim to write the first paragraph?

A．To tell us what WALL-E is about.	B．To show the wide future of robots.
C．To introduce the use of microfactories.	D．To praise Veena Sahajwalla’s contribution

2. What do we know about Veena Sahajwalla?

A．She is a top scientist in Australia.	B．She has been devoted to garbage factories.
C．Her waste microfactories are practical.	D．Her trash processors are being widely promoted.

3. How does the fourth paragraph develop?

A．By making contrasts.	B．By listing relevant figures.
C．By summarizing the above.	D．By analyzing cause and effect.

4. What’s the author’s attitude towards microfactories?

A．Positive.

B．Negative.

C．Unclear.

D．Indifferent

7 . Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future and wanted to make a_________in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. That’s_________I learned about the Lighthouse Project.

I started my_________as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous_________. I knew it would be_________, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. _________, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project_________. Neither did my family.

I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to_________among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for the duty. I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria.

After completing my_________, I was sent to the village that was small and__________in need of proper accommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they offered their homes, hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to__________a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I__________in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes thought I learned more from my __________than they did from me.

Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or__________to me no longer did, though I did not get anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my__________forever.

1.

A．fortune

B．difference

C．wish

D．attempt

2.

A．why

B．how

C．when

D．where

3.

A．journey

B．study

C．occupation

D．business

4.

A．volunteers

B．students

C．graduates

D．applicants

5.

A．adventurous

B．brief

C．dangerous

D．tough

6.

A．In turn

B．In reward

C．In honor

D．In short

7.

A．seriously

B．lightly

C．excitedly

D．carefully

8.

A．stick out

B．turn out

C．stand out

D．pick out

9.

A．treatment

B．accommodation

C．schedules

D．training

10.

A．regularly

B．desperately

C．hardly

D．helplessly

11.

A．convince

B．lead

C．represent

D．undertake

12.

A．studied

B．survived

C．supported

D．taught

13.

A．villagers

B．colleagues

C．students

D．competitors

14.

A．unusual

B．similar

C．cruel

D．familiar

15.

A．character

B．experience

C．life

D．interest

8 . Plants cannot run or hide, so they need other strategies to avoid being eaten. Some curl up their leaves, others produce chemicals to make themselves taste bad if they sense animals drooling on them, chewing them up or laying eggs on them—all signals of an attack. New research now shows some flora can feel a plant-eating animal well before it launches an attack, letting a plant prepare a preemptive（先发制人的）defense that even works against other pest species.

When ecologist John Orrock of the University of Wisconsin-Madison sprayed snail slime—a liquid the animals release as they slide along—onto soil, nearby tomato plants appeared to notice. They increased their levels of an enzyme（酶）, which is known to prevent plant-eating animals. “None of the plants were ever actually attacked,” Orrock says. “We just gave them cues that suggested an attack was coming, and that was enough to cause big changes in their chemistry.”

Initially Orrock found this defense worked against snails; in the latest study, his team measured the slimy warning’s impact on another potential threat. The investigators found that hungry caterpillars（毛虫）, which usually eat tomato leaves greedily, had no appetite for them after the plants were exposed to snail slime and activated their chemical resistance. This nonspecific defense may be a strategy that benefits the plants by further improving their overall possibilities of survival, says Orrock, who reported the results with his colleagues in March in Oecologia.

The finding that a snail’s approach can cause a plant response that affects a different animal made Richard Karban curious, a plant communications expert, who was not involved in the study. “It is significant that the plants are responding before being damaged and that these cues are having such far-ranging effects, ” Karban says. The research was comprehensive, he adds, but he wonders how the tomato plants felt chemicals in snail slime that never actually touched them.

“That’s the million-dollar question,” Orrock says. He hopes future research will make out the mechanisms that enable plants to sense these relatively distant cues.

1. John Orrock sprayed a liquid onto soil near tomato plants to ________.

A．make them grow better

B．give them a warning

C．keep plant-eating animals away

D．inform plant-eating animals of danger

2. Why is the example of “caterpillars” mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A．To introduce another animal.

B．To confirm the result of the study.

C．To appeal to people to protect animals.

D．To analyze different resistance chemicals.

3. What does Richard Karban really want to know?

A．How tomato plants become aware of danger.

B．What the chemicals in the snail slime are.

C．Whether the research is of practical value.

D．What the finding of the research is.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Watchful Plants.	B．Greedy Animals.
C．A Snail’s Approach.	D．A Defense Attack.

9 . Pennsylvania is full of mysterious places! One of those is an old turnpike （收费高速公路） _______ for decades. My dad loves history, and he learned it was open to the public. _______, when I was 14, we took a bike trip to _______ this road!

My dad chose a 16-mile _______ of the road for us to ride. Part of it included an old tunnel called Sideling Hill which is over a mile long! To _______, we checked our tires and made sure our lights had batteries. In the morning, we loaded our bikes into the car and set off. As we approached the tunnel, I felt _______ as it was absolutely black inside! But Dad encouraged me. He said he would be beside me. He reminded me to stay _______ and keep my light on!

When we _______ the tunnel, the sound of our bikes was heard through the darkness. I shined my flash light around and saw walls _______in graffiti （涂鸦）.And I felt like I was being __________! I was pretty scared, but __________ on following Dad helped me relax. After riding half-way through, I could see light coming from the other end, motivating me to keep going. And I was so delighted to ride out into the bright afternoon!

Whenever going through __________ in life, I remember this trip. It reminds me that my father is always beside me. He turns on the light of hope in my __________, as well as gives me __________ to keep riding through life's   __________ tunnels.

1.

A．designed

B．destroyed

C．abandoned

D．locked

2.

A．However

B．Otherwise

C．Therefore

D．Meanwhile

3.

A．explore

B．construct

C．protect

D．repair

4.

A．tunnel

B．section

C．block

D．course

5.

A．participate

B．register

C．cooperate

D．prepare

6.

A．excited

B．nervous

C．annoyed

D．exhausted

7.

A．silent

B．curious

C．cautious

D．positive

8.

A．approached

B．observed

C．constructed

D．entered

9.

A．covered

B．buried

C．absorbed

D．dressed

10.

A．forced

B．watched

C．abused

D．judged

11.

A．depending

B．surviving

C．calling

D．focusing

12.

A．accidents

B．hardships

C．regulations

D．incidents

13.

A．chest

B．trip

C．work

D．heart

14.

A．courage

B．pride

C．excitement

D．enthusiasm

15.

A．difficult

B．distant

C．dark

D．long

10 . On January 1^st, 2018, “gaming disorder” — in which games are played uncontrollably, despite causing harm — gained recognition from the World Health Organization (WHO). Last year, China, the world’s biggest gaming market, announced new rules limiting children to just a single hour of play a day. Clinics are appearing around the world, promising to cure patients of their habit.

Are games really addictive? Psychologists have different opinions. The case for the defence is that this is just another moral panic. Similar warnings have been given about television, rock’ n’ roll, jazz, comic books, and even novels. As the newest form of mass media, gaming is merely enduring (忍受) its own time before it finally stops being controversial.

However, some argue that unlike rock bands or novelists, games developers have both the motive and the means to engineer their products to make them addictive. For one thing, the business-model has changed. In the old days games were bought once and for all. But these days, games are free and money is earned from purchases of in-game goods, which ties playtime directly to developers’ income. For another, games makers combine psychological theory and data, which helps them maximize the playtime. Smartphones and modern video game machines use their permanent Internet connections to send gameplay data back to developers. That allows products to be constantly adjusted to increase spending on games.

The gaming industry should realize that, in the real world, it has a problem, and that problem is growing. Now that gaming addiction comes with an official WHO recognition, diagnoses (诊断) become more common. Clinics are already reporting booming business, as lockdowns have given gamers more time to spend with their hobby. And being put together in the public mind, fairly or not, with gambling will not do the industry any favours.

1. What is the function of Paragraph 1?

A．To arouse the readers’ interest about the topic.

B．To inform the readers of the harmful effects of games.

C．To discuss whether it is necessary to panic about games.

D．To show growing public concern about the problem of games.

2. Why is television, together with other media forms, mentioned in Paragraph 2?

A．To prove that the panic over games will fade away.

B．To show that they are as highly addictive as games.

C．To compare the differences among these media forms.

D．To argue that these media forms are not harmful at all.

3. How do games developers make games addictive?

A．They don’t charge players for in-game goods.

B．They adjust products based on received data.

C．They reward top players with more playtime.

D．They keep players’ video game machines updated.

4. In the last paragraph, the author aims to ______.

A．offer a suggestion	B．make a prediction
C．give a warning	D．put forward a solution