1 . GuiltyPleasures? No Such Thing
We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The trashy books we simply can’t
Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the
Taking a mental break and enjoying something that doesn’t require intense intellectual
If that’s true, then why do guilty pleasures get such a bad
One important value of a guilty pleasure is the
Still, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. Though guilt can enhance pleasure in some cases, it can also push us to indulge in
| A．turn down | B．take in | C．tear apart | D．put down |
| A．junk | B．sugary | C．spiritual | D．transformative |
| A．relaxed | B．guilty | C．helpless | D．alert |
| A．mass | B．moderation | C．minimum | D．depression |
| A．focus | B．superiority | C．quality | D．development |
| A．struggle | B．charge | C．engage | D．persevere |
| A．breakup | B．principle | C．condition | D．reputation |
| A．consciousness | B．obligation | C．attitudes | D．requirements |
| A．switch | B．receive | C．claim | D．decrease |
| A．remove | B．discourage | C．distinguish | D．prevent |
| A．conflict | B．difference | C．exchange | D．bond |
| A．established | B．underestimated | C．found | D．strengthened |
| A．In addition | B．On the contrary | C．All in all | D．Therefore |
| A．enthusiastically | B．casually | C．openly | D．politely |
| A．theories | B．behaviors | C．problems | D．relationships |
2 . Could your dog be prone to a fatal disease? Is your new shelter pup part beagle or boxer? Many pet owners seek answers to these questions, and as a result, direct-to-consumer dog DNA testing is booming.
Human interfering with dog DNA has long been the driving factor behind dogs’ breed diversity — or lack thereof. But a dog’s DNA can also be used to confirm their lineage (血统) or identify their breed, a boon for pet owners on the lookout for breed-specific health or behavioral challenges or those looking to confirm their dog really has the heritage claimed by a breeder or seller. During DNA analysis, labs sequence the dog’s DNA and look for similarities with a dataset of identified dog breeds.
But breed identification isn’t as simple as it might seem. In a study published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association last month, scientists looked into the accuracy of breed prediction in commercially available DNA tests that required a photo of the dog in addition to its DNA sample. The results were mixed, says Casey Greene, a professor who co-authored the study.
“Most tests could accurately distinguish the breed of purebred dogs,” says Greene. But the analysis suggested that some testing companies might rely on the photo more than the dog’s actual genetics — and revealed big differences between companies’ business practices and the genetic datasets they use to determine dog breeds.
The researchers submitted photos and DNA of 12 purebred dogs to a total of six commercial canine (犬的) ancestry identification services. Since each pup was purebred and possessed extensive American Kennel Club paperwork, the researchers knew their breed conclusively—but in some cases they provided a photo of a different dog to see if the photo influenced the DNA results. One of the companies misidentified a purebred Chinese crested dog — almost entirely hairless — as a long-haired Brittany spaniel, seemingly based on the photo alone. The other five did identify the registered breed correctly, but often gave different predictions for other “ancestor” breeds in dogs whose DNA suggested mixed breeding in prior generations. The researchers concluded that veterinarians and pet owners alike should “approach direct-to-consumer tests with caution” given the lack of industry standardization and at least one company’s reliance on photographs instead of DNA analysis.
Despite these concerns, though. dog DNA seems headed for a golden age — and the insights revealed through further study of Fido’s genome (基因组) have already reached far beyond the doghouse. Domesticated dogs have emerged as surprising superstars in medical research that benefits humans. According to researchers, that’s just the beginning. With implications ranging from entertaining to consequential, there’s no telling what dog DNA will continue to unleash.
1. The underlined word “boon” in paragraph two is closest in meaning to ________.| A．blessing | B．substitute | C．duty | D．struggle |
| A．it assists in accurately determining the breed a dog belongs to |
| B．it helps to predict whether dogs are subject to certain diseases |
| C．it provides pet owners with insights into dogs’ behavioral challenges |
| D．it sequences the DNA of identified dog breeds to find their similarities |
| A．Photos play a more significant role in identifying a dog’s breed than its actual genetics. |
| B．It is a common phenomenon that the DNA analysis of dogs may yield mixed results. |
| C．Commercial dog DNA tests still have limitations and should be dealt with cautiously. |
| D．Direct-to-consumer tests overshadow DNA analysis in identifying purebred dogs. |
| A．Controversies regarding its reliability are here to stay. |
| B．It is bound to make breakthroughs in the fields of medicine and entertainment. |
| C．It can step into a golden age as long as some research limitations are fixed. |
| D．It may have far-reaching significance and be applied to a wider range of areas. |
3 . What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there’re no quick or easy answers. There’s work to be done, but workers aren’t ready to do it — they’re in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are structural, and will take many years to solve.
But don’t bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak (暗淡的) view. There isn’t any. On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment in America is the result of inadequate demand. Saying that there’re no easy answers sounds wise, but it’s actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is a fake problem, which mainly serves as an excuse for not pursuing real solutions.
The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared. Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states, with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we’re mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so popular?
Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high unemployment — in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem deeply rooted, with no easy answers, makes them sound serious.
I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly, declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is “unadaptable and untrained. It cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer.” A few years later, a large defense buildup finally provided a financial stimulus adequate to the economy’s needs — and suddenly industry was eager to employ those “unadaptable and untrained” workers.
But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that, fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have been multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is crippling (损害) our economy and society.
So what you need to know is that there’s no evidence whatsoever to back these claims. We aren’t suffering from a shortage of needed skills; we’re suffering from a lack of policy resolve. As I said, structural unemployment isn’t a real problem, it’s an excuse — a reason not to act on America’s problems at a time when action is desperately needed.
1. What does the author think of the experts’ claim concerning unemployment?| A．Self-evident. | B．Thought-provoking. | C．Groundless. | D．Objective. |
| A．The booming defense industry. | B．The wise heads’ benefit package. |
| C．Nationwide training of workers. | D．Thorough restructuring of industries. |
| A．Economists, failure to detect the problems in time. |
| B．Very Serious People’s attempt to cripple the economy. |
| C．Evidence gathered from many sectors of the industries. |
| D．Powerful opposition to government’s stimulus efforts. |
| A．To confirm the experts’ analysis of America’s problems. |
| B．To offer a feasible solution to the structural unemployment |
| C．To show the urgent need for the government to take action. |
| D．To alert American workers to the urgency for adaptation. |
4 . When we talk about healthy brain ageing we are really discussing one of two things: how to minimise ongoing damage to the hardware of the brain, mostly by keeping its blood supply as good as possible; or how to improve the operation of the brain’s software. Many ways of doing this have been suggested, but few have
There is plenty of evidence that older people who stay mentally active, by learning a new language, doing crosswords or taking part in other
Yet there’s still much to discover about the
The good news is that cognitive reserve isn’t
| A．traditional | B．scientific | C．cultural | D．decisive |
| A．magic | B．suggestions | C．assistance | D．confidence |
| A．physically | B．spiritually | C．intellectually | D．literally |
| A．physical | B．mental | C．mysterious | D．emotional |
| A．under-developed | B．back-up | C．all-round | D．large-scale |
| A．originate | B．separate | C．suffer | D．protect |
| A．In addition | B．By contrast | C．In other words | D．For example |
| A．higher | B．extra | C．lower | D．potential |
| A．damage | B．upset | C．frustration | D．progress |
| A．potential | B．love | C．ambition | D．need |
| A．regulations | B．interventions | C．products | D．theories |
| A．tough | B．expensive | C．exclusive | D．superior |
| A．coped with | B．taken in | C．carried out | D．built up |
| A．Furthermore | B．Therefore | C．However | D．Instead |
| A．learn | B．challenge | C．start | D．persist |
5 . The train was at a standstill, some twenty minutes outside Kolkata, when an unexpected stroke of luck presented Piya with an opportunity to go for a seat beside a window for some fresh air. She had been sitting in the stuffiest part of the train compartment, on the edge of a bench: now, moving to the open window, she saw that the train had stopped at a station called Champahati.
Looking over her shoulder, Piya spotted a tea-seller on the platform. Reaching through the bars of the window, she called him with a wave. She had never cared for the kind of chai, Indian tea, sold in Seattle, her hometown in the USA, but somehow, in the ten days she had spent in India she had developed an unexpected taste for milky, overboiled tea served in earthenware cups. There were no spices in it for one thing, and this was more to her taste than the chai at home.
She paid for her tea and was trying to get in the cup through the bars when the man in the seat opposite her own suddenly turned over a page, jolting her hand. She turned her wrist quickly enough to make sure that most of the tea spilled out of the window, but she could not prevent some from spilling over his papers.
“Oh, I’m so sorry!” Piya was very embarrassed: of everyone in the compartment, this was the last person she would have chosen to injure with her tea. She had noticed him while waiting on the platform in Kolkata and she had been struck by the self-satisfied tilt of his head and the way in which he stared at everyone around him, taking them in, sizing them up, sorting them all into their places.
“Here,” said Piya, producing a handful of tissues. “Let me help you clean up.”
“There’s nothing to be done,” he said testily (暴躁地). “These pages are ruined anyway.”
For a moment she considered pointing out that it was he who had knocked her hand. But all she could bring herself to say was, “I’m very sorry. I hope you’ll excuse me.”
“Do I really have a choice?” he said. “Does anyone have a choice when they’re dealing with Americans these days?”
Piya had no wish to get into an argument so she let this pass. Instead, she opened her eyes wide and, in an attempt to restore peace, came out with, “But how did you guess?”
“About what?”
“About my being American? You’re very observant.”
This seemed to do the trick. His shoulders relaxed as he leaned back in his seat. “I didn’t guess,” he said. “I knew.”
1. In the first paragraph, Piya was relieved when she got a window seat because it meant that_________.| A．there was more room for her luggage |
| B．she no longer had to suffer from a lack of air |
| C．there was less chance that she would miss her stop |
| D．she didn’t have to stand for the rest of the train journey |
| A．was disappointingly weak in taste | B．reminded her of her home in Seattle |
| C．would have tasted better if served fresh | D．was preferable to the chai she had had before |
| A．he was someone who was observant of surroundings |
| B．he seemed to think he was better than other people |
| C．he had tried to keep his distance from his fellow passengers |
| D．he had been looking for someone he knew on the station platform |
| A．find out what the man really thought about Americans |
| B．try to calm the situation down by starting a conversation |
| C．ensure the man realized that she had apologized |
| D．make sure the man knew he was being rude |
6 .
Wonders of Australia 22 days from only £6.245 per person
Days 2-5: Singapore Enjoy a city tour including Merlion Park, Marina Bay, and fabulous gardens. As an alternative, you may choose to stop in Dubai at no extra cost. Days 6-11: Melbourne Visit Victoria Markets and Federation Square. Perhaps take an optional excursion to explore Fairy Penguin Parade. Day 12-14: The Ghan Experience one of the world’s most impressive rail journeys. Covering 1,555 kilometres, we see the everchanging landscape as we journey north. Enjoy all inclusive Gold Service with on board meals included as are a wide selection of alcoholic and non-alcoholic drinks. Day 15-17: Uluru (Ayers Rock) We enjoy a refreshing glass of sparkling wine and witness the changing colours as the sun sets. There is a chance to explore the rock in the morning, before visiting the impressive Olgas.
Day 22: Arrive UK We arrive at your chosen airport, bringing an end to our incredible adventure.
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For more details and full booking conditions, please request a brochure or visit www.distantjourneys.co.uk. Call FREE for a brochure 0800 141 3719. |
| A．Cairns and the Ghan |
| B．Uluru and Melbourne |
| C．Melbourne and the Ghan |
| D．Cairns and the Great Barrier Reef |
| A．You may be charged an extra £349 in total for daily breakfasts. |
| B．You will enjoy a day trip to Daintree Rainforest, a world heritage. |
| C．You may choose to stop in both Singapore and Dubai at no extra cost. |
| D．You will be offered a meal with drinks when heading north by train in the Ghan. |
| A．£17,791 | B．£18,822 | C．£18,841 | D．£19,572 |
7 . Biology may not be everything, but genes apparently have a far greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought. Similarities ranging from hobbies to bodily gesture are being found in pairs separated at birth. Many of these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior,” says psychologist Thomas J. Bouchard, Jr. , director of the Minnesota Center for Twin and Adoption Research at the University of Minnesota.
Bouchard reports that so far, exhaustive psychological tests and questionnaires have been completed with approximately 50 pairs of identical twins reared apart, 25 pairs of fraternal twins reared apart and comparison groups of twins reared together. “We were amazed at the similarity in posture and expressive style,” says Bouchard. “It’s probably the feature of the study that’s grabbed us the most.” Twins tend to have similar mannerisms, gestures, speed and tempo in talking, habits and jokes. Many of the twins dressed in similar fashion--one male pair who had never previously met arrived in England sporting identical beards, haircuts, glasses and shirts.
The most striking example of common psychopathology (精神病理学) however, came from a pair of twins raised apart. One had been reared by his own (poor) family the other had been adopted into a “good solid upper-middle-class family.” Both are now considered to be antisocial personalities, suffering from lack of impulse control, and both have criminal histories. Although the twins share, on average, 50 percent of their genes, Bouchard suggests that the overlap is probably considerably more with this pair.
Personality similarities between the identical twins raised apart are almost the same as they are with identical twins raised together, according to the results of a test developed by University of Minnesota psychologist Auke Tellegen. His personality questionnaire contains scales such as “social closeness,” “harm avoidance” and “well-being.” The researchers were especially surprised to find that “traditionalism” — a trait implying conservatism and respect for authority — can be inherited. In fact, says Bouchard, his and other studies have found about 11 personality traits that appear to have significant genetic input.
Overall, the emerging findings of the Minnesota study constitute a powerful disproof of those who maintain that environmental influences are the primary shaping forces of personality. The textbooks are going to have to be rewritten, Bouchard predicts.
1. Why does Bouchard say these behaviors are “things you would never think of looking at if you were going to study the genetics of behavior?”| A．These behaviors seemed too unimportant for scientists to observe. |
| B．These behaviors seemed too intimate to allow scientists to observe them. |
| C．Psychologists assumed these external characteristics could not be biologically based. |
| D．Psychologists assumed the causes of these behaviors were too complicated for current methods of observations. |
| A．fashionable | B．alike | C．complex | D．identified |
| A．some textbooks on genes and behavior will be rewritten quite soon. |
| B．people’s behaviors and personalities depend at large on their genes |
| C．his personality questionnaire can indicate people’s 11 personality traits |
| D．the environmental influences have great effect on people’s personalities |
| A．Twins generally share the same hobbies and gestures if they are raised apart. |
| B．Genes have a greater influence on human behavior than is commonly thought. |
| C．People from upper-middle-class family are the same as those from poor family. |
| D．Twins tend to dress in similar fashion even when brought up in different families. |
8 .
iPad mini with Retina display Small wonder. Beautiful 7.9-inch Retina displayiPad mini with Retina display is amazing to hold. Every photo is incredibly detailed, and every line of text is remarkably clear. With higher resolution (分辨率) than an HDTV, it’s striking — on a whole new scale. A7 chipDon’t let its size fool you. iPad mini is powered by the new A7 chip with 64-bit architecture. A7 delivers killer performance — up to four times faster CPU and up to eight times faster photograph performance than the previous generation — without sacrificing battery life. So you get incredible power in a device you can take with you wherever you go. Powerful apps (应用软件)iPad apps are like no other. Because they’re designed just for iPad, they look amazing and use every pixel (像素) of the beautiful display. iPad mini comes with great built-in apps for the everyday things you do, like checking email and surfing the web. Over 475,000 other incredible iPad apps are just a tap away in the App Store. With apps like these, iPad mini can do just about anything — which means you can, too. Advanced wirelessiPad mini keeps you connected faster than ever. In more locations than ever. Using two antennas (天线) instead of one and MIMO technology, iPad mini delivers twice the Wi-Fi performance of its ancestor. And the Wi-Fi + Cellular model supports more LTE bands than ever, so you can make quick, easy connections the world over. iPad mini and iOS7iOS7 was designed to take advantage of 64-bit architecture. So it’s every bit as advanced as the iPad mini it runs on. And with new features like smarter multitasking and AirDrop, iOS7 makes the experience of using iPad mini even more beautiful and simple. Because iOS7 and iPad mini weren’t just designed to work together, they were designed to enhance one another.
|
| A．An Apple Store leaflet. | B．Apple Website. |
| C．A textbook of app designing. | D．A science magazine. |
| A．An amazingly clear display. |
| B．Beautifully designed and combined. |
| C．Well performing your daily routine. |
| D．A super killer and greater battery saver. |
| A．An A7 chip installed, iPad mini with Retina display is more battery consuming. |
| B．Having an iPad mini with Retina display, you can do more in more places. |
| C．iOS7 with many new features is only designed for iPad mini with Retina display. |
| D．Order an iPad mini with Retina display online then collect it at your favorite retail store. |
9 . Along with its Nordic neighbours, Sweden features near the top of most gender-equality rankings. The World Economic Forum rates it as having one of the
But Sweden is not only a good place to be a woman: it also appears to be an idyll (田园生活) for new dads. Close to 90% of Swedish fathers take paternity leave (陪产假). Last year some 340,000 dads took a total of 12m days’ leave,
Forty years ago Sweden became the first country in the world to introduce a gender-neutral paid parental-leave allowance. Benefits were
Today they take a quarter of it. One reason is that the scheme has become more
Policies similar to the Swedish “daddy months” have been introduced in other countries.
| A．largest | B．widest | C．narrowest | D．longest |
| A．equivalent | B．similar | C．available | D．familiar |
| A．widening | B．shrinking | C．expanding | D．emerging |
| A．encourage | B．maintain | C．raise | D．concern |
| A．consisted | B．composed | C．disposed | D．deprived |
| A．hardly | B．entirely | C．amazingly | D．probably |
| A．tight | B．tough | C．strict | D．generous |
| A．divided | B．updated | C．reversed | D．implemented |
| A．add | B．attribute | C．distribute | D．attend |
| A．restricting | B．confirming | C．proposing | D．identifying |
| A．eliminated | B．reserved | C．protected | D．defended |
| A．However | B．Otherwise | C．Furthermore | D．For instance |
| A．in favor of | B．in exchange for | C．in addition to | D．in honor of |
| A．negative | B．positive | C．definite | D．specific |
| A．increase | B．plunge | C．decrease | D．vary |
In view of the current outbreak of a new strain of coronavirus that originated in Wuhan, China, we wanted to provide you with an update. Currently, we have a University team monitoring the global situation and will issue further advice to our students regarding any potential study impacts, as information becomes available.
If you or your studies are impacted and you need to contact Deakin for support or advice, please contact Student Central. You can also visit the Student Life blog, where a dedicated page has been published to provide further updates.
This is an emerging and constantly changing matter, with the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) updating their travel advice to China to reflect the current situation in Wuhan, where transport in and out of the city has been halted. DFAT has advised people travelling to reconsider their need to travel to Wuhan.
The Smartraveller site provides recommendations for people travelling from a destination with reported cases, or for those who arrive in Australia feeling unwell. Australia’s Chief Medical Officer has provided an update on the virus and the measures being put in place by the Australian Government. The Chief Medical Officer advises that while there have been some deaths linked to this novel coronavirus, people should not be overly alarmed. There are no confirmed cases of the virus in Australia at this point.
We recommend you check the websites below for additional information on the unfolding situation:
● World Health O rganization Q &A on CoronavirusSituation (English)
● World Health Organization Q&A on CoronavirusSituation(Chinese)
● CDC Novel Coronavirus in China
Deakin stands ready to support our communities, both in Australia and overseas.
I wish you a healthy and happy Spring Festival and Lunar New Year of the Yours sincerely
John Molony
Pro Vice-Chancellor(International)
Student Central
Melbourne Geelong Warrnambool Cloud Campus
0392446333 0352272333 0355633333 13 DEAKIN or 13 3325
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Important Notice: The contents of this email are intended solely for the named addressee and are confidential; any unauthorised use, reproduction or storage of the contents is expressly prohibited. If you have received this email in error, please delete it and any attachments immediately and advise the sender by return email or telephone. Deakin University does not warrant that this email and any attachments are error or virus free.
1. Which of the following organization, institution or website has told the public that there is no need to panic about the current outbreak of the novel coronavirus?
| A．The Student Central of Deakin University. |
| B．The Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. |
| C．The Smartraveller site. |
| D．Australia’s Chief Medical Officer. |
| A．Students of Deakin University can either contact Student Central or visit the Student Life blog should they have any question. |
| B．DFAT has advised people to think twice before they go to Wuhan, China as the city has been closed down. |
| C．If you arrive in Australia not feeling well, you can report it to the Smartraveller site. |
| D．There might have been some cases of the novel coronavirus in Australia. |
| A．Post it on the social media. |
| B．Forward it to Laura. |
| C．Call 03 5563 3333. |
| D．Delete it and notify the sender. |
