1 . It’s uncertain when many offices may reopen, but it’s clear the virtual work revolution that began with the pandemic isn’t going away.
Alexia Cambon,research director at Gartner, says finding the right combination of in-person and virtual work will take creativity and experimentation. Managing director Deborah Lovich stresses that companies should consider that flexibility is not only about location, but also about the hours employees work.
Alexia also points out the importance of finding solutions for a whole team. “What COVID-19 taught us is that flex work cannot be for an individual. It has to be for the team,” she says. “When the whole team is together online versus a whole team together in person,it works.”
Progressive organizations are also reconsidering their workplace culture. “They’re thinking about changing culture and leadership to be much more trust-based, impact-based, instead of input-based,like,I see you,so I think you’re productive,’ compared to, ‘Wow, I see what you’ve accomplished,and I know you’ve been productive,””Lovich says.
Lovich sees remote work as a “win-win” for cmployees who get more flexibility and employers who can hire people from anywhere in the country or even the world. She views it as creating equality in terms of allowing small towns to attract talent and offering more opportunity for women to climb the corporate ladder without having to relocate their families, something that she says often takes a back seat in a dual-career houschold.
Companies that require a return to a fully on-site model could lose one in three employees.Lovich agrees that employers need to be careful. “It’s an employee’s market right now. The world is short of workers,and because of that we should really think about what we need and feel confident and courageous to speak up. And a lot of companies are getting that, and so it’s a real opportunity to either shape the place you work to be the place it needs to be or go someplace else that does,”Lovich says.“For decades,we’ve been contorting(扭曲)our lives to fit around work, and COVID-19 forced work to fit around lives.”
1. What does Alexia emphasize according to the text?A.How to make virtual work go away soon. |
B.How to create virtual work cooperatively. |
C.How to combine virtual work with science. |
D.How to find the best location for virtual work |
A.To take control of the development of virtual work. |
B.To compare company culture with firm leadership. |
C.To make employees feel trusted and develop positively. |
D.To persuade more companies to choose virtual work soon. |
A.It is attractive to all employees. | B.It is just beneficial to employers. |
C.It is popular among small firms. | D.It benefits both bosses and workers. |
A.Virtual work is here to stay. | B.Advantages of virtual work. |
C.Be far away from flexibility. | D.A“win-win“ change for business. |
2 . I was never very neat while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects had its place, but my always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always looked for everything. Overtime, Kate got neater and I got my merriser. She moved to push my dirty clothing over and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.
Who broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming, “Take your shoes away! why under my bed!” Suddenly I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and started yelling. She yelled back louder.
The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up. She quickly crawled (爬) under her covers, crying. Obviously. that was something she could not go through alone. All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy (同情) rose up in my heart.
Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bad. Cleaned the suckers and swept the floor even on her side. I got so absorbed into my work that I even didn’t notice Kate had sat up. She was watching. Her tears dried and her expression was such disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me. “Thanks.”
Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn’t always agree, but we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.
1. What made Kate so angry one evening?A.She couldn’t find her books. |
B.She heard the writer shouting loud. |
C.She got the news that her grandma was ill. |
D.She saw the writer’s shoes beneath her bed. |
A.Because she was scared by Kate’s anger. |
B.Because she hated herself for being so messy. |
C.Because she wanted to show her care. |
D.Because she was asked by Kate to do so. |
A.By analyzing courses. |
B.By showing differences. |
C.By describing a process. |
D.By following time order. |
A.My Friend Kate. |
B.Hard Work Pays off. |
C.How to Be Organized? |
D.Learning to Be Roommates. |
3 . Travel is one of the most exciting experiences a human being can have. Imagine how Italian traveler Marco Polo must have felt when he found himself on Chinese soil, seeing a way of life quite different from anything he’d seen before.
And how great must it have been to listen to Zhang Qian when he returned to China from his journey through Central Asia and West Asia? His brain must have been packed with everything he’d seen and heard, leading to the founding of the Silk Road.
Some people have traveled all over the world, and travel is a way of life to them. They perhaps know what to expect before they travel. That’s why the best travel is when it’s for the first time. Imagine a person who has always wanted to travel to the United States. Of course, they’ve probably seen the Statue of Liberty a thousand times on TV, and the White House, and all the other famous sights. But none of that would compare to the excitement of looking out of the window as the plane lands, watching the cities and streets of the real America come into view.
Although travel is often just for recreation, it’s also educational. We may not know that we are getting an education, but we still are.
We’re learning every day: new words in a new language, new people, and new ways of life. But this learning takes place in the school of the world, not the classroom. As we get to know foreign places, we come to understand that there are many different ways to live, and that the way we live isn’t necessarily the best way.
1. The author uses Marco Polo and Zhang Qian as examples to .A.explain how the Silk Road was founded | B.present travel as an amazing experience |
C.show how the way people travel has changed | D.describe important cultural exchanges in history |
A.one’s first trip is usually the most challenging |
B.no other trip is better than one’s first trip |
C.there is always much to learn on one’s first trip |
D.people usually make better preparations for their first trip |
A.fun | B.risk | C.learning | D.knowledge |
A.traveling should be included in formal education |
B.traveling improves people’s confidence in their lifestyle |
C.foreign journeys can enrich people’s knowledge of the world |
D.foreign ways of life are better than our own way of life at home. |
4 . On today’s blog post, I’ll be talking about my favorite magazines. I love reading books & magazines, and I’m learning so many useful tips about healthy living, daily life, etc.
Women’s Health
Women’s Health has a unique content. You can find various interesting information about healthy living or exercises you can do at home. I also love their writers because they explain every topic so simple that you can even understand biological articles.
Healthy Food Guide
I totally recommend it to everyone because it has lots of useful information about being healthy during your daily life. In this magazine, you can find articles about foods you often eat but don’t have much idea what it contains or if they’re healthy. If you are searching for new diets, this magazine gives you all the information.
Time Out
Time Out is a well-known magazine and it’s free in my city. Every time I see a Time Out magazine, I get it because it has lots of useful tips. I got Time Out London when I was in London, and I discovered new restaurants, galleries, museums, and events. This magazine has various information about the city life. For example, it gives you the events that are happening near you. It gives you tips for the railway stations and other transportation choices.
La Cucina Italiana
If you love cooking Italian food, this magazine is for you! It has lots of recipes and also restaurant reviews. You can also find popular restaurants near you in this magazine. I’ve also read articles by famous chefs from my city.
1. What can we find in Healthy Food Guide?A.Ways to keep fit. | B.Tips on cooking. |
C.Different eating habits. | D.Information of new restaurants. |
A.Time Out. | B.Women’s Health. | C.Healthy Food Guide. | D.La Cucina Italiana. |
A.He lives in London. | B.He loves and enjoys life. |
C.He often goes travelling. | D.He likes collecting recipes. |
5 . Tips for avoiding traffic jams
The radio has more than just music. Check the local news station for the latest traffic report. Or go online and check traffic cameras before you set out. If there is a jam, you’ll be prepared and can try another route.
Take the road less travelled. Although highways may be the most direct route, back (偏僻的) roads can be much less crowded, which can save you from the frustration of the stopandgo traffic.
Rush hour isn’t just a lovely nickname. It means the morning and afternoon traffic lasts for several hours, but they’re still called “rush hour” for a reason — everyone’s on the road and in a hurry to get somewhere. Treat rush hour like bad weather — if you don’t have to go anywhere, stay off the roads.
Tips for those unavoidable traffic jams
Don’t break the law. You’ve gone 30 feet in 30 minutes and all of a sudden you see people using the shoulders (紧急停车道). Don’t behave like them. Not only is this illegal, but also there’s a good chance they’ll get caught or cause even more problems.
Pay extra attention to zigzaggers (Z字形行进者). When some people are anxious, they may start changing lanes (车道) every 5 seconds or cut you off. Keep checking your windows and mirrors for these lane changers.
Look for an escape. If it is possible to exit the road safely, do it. Use a GPS unit, and you can change your route midtrip if needed.
Be courteous. Good manners could help you avoid a possible accident. Allow people in from a lane that is ending. Speeding up to keep them out increases your chances of an accident.
1. To avoid traffic jams, we are advised to do the following EXCEPT .A.getting traffic news before leaving | B.changing lanes frequently |
C.avoiding rush hours | D.choosing back roads |
A.Sound the horn loudly. | B.Stop and let them go first. |
C.Keep checking the mirrors. | D.Drive quickly to keep them out. |
A.Entertainment. | B.Advertisement. |
C.Market. | D.Life. |
6 . Train and Work as a Literary(文学的)Editor This Summer!
The Summer Scholars Program provided by Polyphony Company is an 8-week online program for 9th-12th grade high school students. After completing this program, students will have some basic knowledge of literary editing.
Course Schedule
Training: Weeks 1-3
Week 1
Approaching Poetry: online content, live lectures and discussions with poetry instructors. Cooperate with other learners on one poetry submission(投稿).
Week 2
Approaching Fiction(小说): online content, live lectures and discussions with fiction instructors. Cooperate with other learners on one fiction submission.
Week 3
Approaching Creative Nonfiction: online content, live lectures, and discussions with creative nonfiction instructors. Cooperate with other learners on one creative nonfiction submission.
Weeks 4-8
Work as a junior editor, responding to two editorial tasks per week. Learners will receive feedback(反馈)on every task. Have a meeting with the instructors to discuss interests, feedback, and the areas of each page for focus.
Learning Outcomes
We expect learners will advance their literary skills while doing meaningful work. Specific learning goals include; methods to approach poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction; practice using literary devices to interpret and analyze submissions and give editorial feedback.
Cost: $ 350/learner
We hope that summer learners will continue working with Polyphony Company after finishing the program. And the learners will have a chance to be an editing role at Polyphony Company and its high school literary magazine. The instructors will give you personal feedback about your path to promotion, but as a learner, it is not a guarantee(保证)of promotion. Historically, about 10% of our junior editors earn promotion to senior editors.
1. Who are the most likely to be attracted by this text?A.High school students. | B.Senior editors. |
C.Writers. | D.Junior editors. |
A.Week 2. | B.Week 1. |
C.Week 3. | D.Week 4. |
A.Work with polyphony Company. |
B.Master all the skills of literary editing. |
C.Learn some college knowledge in advance. |
D.Graduate from high school and enter college. |
7 . Teens have a reputation for making some not-so-smart decisions and being easily distracted. Researchers have blamed it on the immaturity of the prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮质). But scientists now find the answer may be the attraction of rewards. Rewards, even small ones, affect teens more than adults. And teens tend to be distracted by things they once found rewarding, even after the actual payoff is long gone.
Psychologist Zachary Roper and his team worked with two groups of volunteers: 13-to 16-year olds and 20-to 35-year-old adults. During a training stage, a computer displayed six circles, each a different color. The players had to find the red or green circle and would be provided with a 10-cent or 2-cent reward. By the end of this training, volunteers had realized the value of each color but they didn’t know it. Then came the testing time. Again, groups of six symbols, one diamond and five circles, appeared on a computer screen. The researchers measured how long it took people to find the diamond and recorded their answers.
When no red or green circles appeared, both adults and teens responded quickly. But when a red or green circle showed up, both groups took a bit longer initially. Adults, though, quickly stopped paying attention to the red or green circles. Teens took longer to respond whenever a red or green circle appeared. Clearly, the red and green circles were distracting teens even though they brought no reward.
“The study demonstrates that the attention of adolescents is especially drawn to rewarding information,” says Zachary Roper. “These data may help explain why teens engage in risky behaviors.”
Some behaviors, such as texting or using social media, start the brain’s reward system. Once the teenage brain has linked a behavior to that reward, it continues to seek it again and again. That’s why teens are likely to use social media when they should be studying. Or why they respond to texts while driving. So researchers suggest physically removing distractions whenever possible.
1. Why do teens tend to make some not-so-smart decisions?A.The appeal of rewards affects their decision making. |
B.Their skills to respond wisely have not been well trained. |
C.Their prefrontal cortexes have been improperly developed. |
D.The tendency to keep doing things prevents them thinking clearly. |
A.The red or green circle. | B.The end of the training. |
C.The value of each color. | D.The awareness of the color value. |
A.Adults were not affected by the red or green circles at all. |
B.Teens were attracted by the red or green circles because of the high rewards. |
C.Teens were distracted by the rewarding information even after the reward was gone. |
D.Adults were drawn to the rewarding information only after they were tested repeatedly. |
A.The Brain Response System | B.The Effects of Rewards |
C.The Distracted Teenage Brain | D.The Harm of Risky Behaviors |
8 . Every day, across the United States, there are people sitting in towers more than 100 feet in the air alone, scanning the distance for signs of smoke. They are fire watchers, also known as our eyes in the sky.
What is it like to be a fire watcher? Peter Naumann, a former fire watcher, tells about a typical day. “I’d get up at 5:30, eat a quick breakfast, and scan the area for smoke once every hour.” Other duties include reporting to headquarters twice each day, cutting firewood and so on. Aside from these required routines, a fire watcher should have hobbies and like reading, which helps pass the time.
While it might sound like a quiet life to some, at any moment, an adventure could begin. “Rainstorms and thunderstorms were a tough time. I had to be awake all through, looking for where the lightning was striking,” says Naumann. Sometimes, fire watchers also need to act as backcountry dispatchers(调度员). For example, Naumann once aided in the rescue of an injured horse rider.
It may seem surprising that the life of a fire watcher is very much the same all these years. Even much of the technology used in the early days is still used today. For example, the Osborne Firefinder is a tool that gives compass headings for fire locations. This tool has been in use for nearly 100 years. Today, fire watchers have the added help of spotter planes, helicopters and satellite imaging.
With more and more new technology, why do we still need fire watchers? “Ideally, you should have someone who knows the land features and the weather conditions,” says Naumann. Also, fire watchers are able to see things that satellite imaging cannot, such as the difference between cloud-to-cloud lightning and ground strikes.
So the fire watchers still hike to their posts each fire season. Why? They are our eyes in the sky.
1. What do fire watchers do while on duty?A.They read books to pass the time. | B.They inspect the area regularly. |
C.They take on rescue work to seek adventure. | D.They carry out multi-tasks frequently. |
A.To list the added help fire watchers have got. |
B.To stress the importance of using technology. |
C.To give an example of how skilled fire watchers are. |
D.To show the little change in fire detecting technology. |
A.Technology may fail to perform some tasks. |
B.Technology has hardly advanced over the years. |
C.Humans are still needed to report to headquarters. |
D.Humans are specialists in land features and weather. |
9 . Collin was lying on his back when his sister, Mary, came in. From her red eyes, Collin could tell she felt homesick again.
Their family had moved to the Moon nearly four months ago. It still didn’t feel like home. The houses were cosy, but outside everything was gray and rocky and lifeless. There was even no weather there at all—no rain or snow or even wind.
“I miss everything, even the sound of rain on the roof,” Mary said sadly. “Worst of all, my birthday is in two days, and I don’t think Mom and Dad are planning anything special.”
She’s probably right, thought Collin. Life on the Moon was busy for scientists like their parents. He doubted if they had time to plan a party. If there was no party, maybe he could give his sister a gift. However, with limited room in their transport ship, each child had been allowed to bring only two toys from the Earth. Where could he find the gift?
The next day, as Collin wandered toward the agricultural center, he found some bamboo plants, which made good building materials. An idea flashed across his mind. He took a piece of bamboo plants, made tiny holes into it, then poured a handful of Moon cobblestones inside and sealed the open ends.
When it was done, Collin hurried home, holding the bamboo piece carefully. On seeing his sister, Collin said, “I have a present for you.” He handed his sister the bamboo stick. “Happy birthday!”
“What is it?” Mary asked, looking at it curiously.
“A rain stick,” said Collin. “Whenever you turn it over, the Moon cobblestones fall inside and it sounds like rain.”
Mary turned the stick, and the room was filled with a sound like rain drumming on a roof.
“It’s Moon rain!” she said. “It makes me feel like I’m home.” She smiled at Collin and turned the rain stick over again.
1. According to the text, what do we know about the Moon?A.Life there is busy. | B.Its weather is changeable. |
C.Living space there is limited. | D.Its surroundings are dull. |
A.It created a rain scene. | B.It was her dream birthday gift. |
C.It alleviated her homesickness. | D.It was made of good materials. |
A.Curious and careful. | B.Caring and skillful. |
C.Creative and enthusiastic. | D.Sensitive and knowledgeable. |
10 . Food Ink, the World’s first 3D printing restaurant, opened to a group of guests who dined on a nine-course meal prepared right before their eyes using 3D printers. With London just the beginning, Food Ink plans to bring its creative restaurant idea to a number of other cities around the globe.
Like other 3D applications, printing food is a process that builds layers upon layers of material on top of each other. Unlike other 3D printing, which creates objects out of plastic, food materials in 3D printing are loaded into a syringe-like container which are then pressed into the shape required. Any food that can be pureed (研磨成糊) can be used in 3D food printing.
Fine dining is only one aspect of the food industry about to be completely changed by 3D printing. Researchers have been exploring ways to fight world hunger with 3D printing. Using powdered nutritional materials, it could produce large amounts of food to help feed a growing population. This is especially important with the world population predicted to be 8.5 billion by 2030. The 3D-printed food would also have the advantage of being produced cheaply and having a long shelf life.
The technology will enable consumers to quickly make meals to suit their specific health needs. Take the example of feeding elderly people, who often need to have their food pureed because they have trouble with swallowing and chewing (咀嚼). Many of them did not like food like this and so it discouraged them from eating, which can result in poor nutrition and medical issues. The Netherlands Organization is turning to 3D printing to produce 3D-printed vegetables to hold their shape.
It seems that there is no end to the potential of 3D printing. From creating special restaurant meals, to improving nutrition, to potentially feeding the world, 3D food printing is creating exciting new possibilities for food.
1. Why is Food Ink mentioned in paragraph 1?A.To stress the restaurant’s creativity. | B.To present the restaurant’s future plan. |
C.To recommend a 3D printing restaurant. | D.To introduce the topic of 3D food printing. |
A.Easy access. | B.Mass production. | C.Low cost. | D.Extra safety. |
A.It shapes their eating patterns. | B.It assists their medical treatments. |
C.It solves their chewing issues. | D.It satisfies their nutritional demands. |
A.Confident. | B.Worried. | C.Unclear. | D.Doubtful. |